4 12 41 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/6576e328d2dcd6a5e06fe416b092bbcd.pdf 9d36efc933cd4ab92f3ef4e4ae11d025 PDF Text Text WoMI::N's !.! ~ ~==~-...J ! INDIGENOUS W O M EN I N BOLIVIA SET EXAMPLE F OR A B Y A T: Indigenous women of Bolivia have come to occupy an imponant and in uential role in the lndige.nous movement after many years of struggling for their rights and !boseof their peoples. Using Native American women as models of or~tion and unity, today, Bolivia has the greatest national organization of Indigenous women in tbe Abya Yala continent The Coordinating Commission of Indigenous Women of Bolivia (CCMIB) was cie· ated during tbe First National Gathering of Indigenous Women on July 1993, in Acbocalla, La Paz. The Commission's purpose is to strengthen the Indigenous, popular, and campesino (peasant) movements through tbe active participation of women. By orga· nizing different gatherin~ and seminars, the Commission seeks to unite all the Indigenous and non- Indigenous women's organizations working tbrougboutthecountry and promote tbe formation of leaders in the various mem· ber organizations. VoL 7 NO. 3&4 Y ALA The Commission is guided by the funda- Diroetors was eloeted to organize the Second mental principles of doeentralized authority Encounter, which will take place next yw, and respoet for tbe autonomy of each member and where a permanent Boald will be eloeted. organization. In addition, !bough it is a women's organization it is not "feminist" Instead, the Commission looks to compli· ment its activities with those of its maJecoun· tcrpartS, since, as on participant affirmed, "in e original,traditionalcommunities,separatelevels of power between a man and woman did not exist A eouple made doeisions of mutual a:t:..J:....::II-iOiliriA• •lilllllll aooord, because the struggles of both the men ~ and tbe women were tbe same." Nevenhe· For More Information coniJ>Ct: less, taking into aecounttbe marginalization that the government's exclusion policies Combi6n Coordinadora dt' makes them face, the Indigenous women have 7\fuj('rC's lndl::<"na.~ de Rolhia considered unification a priority so that they Casilla 2315 can begin to devise theirO\vn methods to eloet Calle Yanacocha \o. +II representatives of their nationalities to the Edif. ..\reo lris.l'i<o 13. Oficina 13112 Bolivian government La Pa1. lloli•ia During the Encounter, the unification of 25 women's organizations was consolidated Telephone: 369.963 in tbe CCMIB, and an interim Board of � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Women in Bolivia Set Example for Abya Yala Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous Women in Bolivia Set Example for Abya Yala Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 25 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Coordingating Commission of Indigenous Women of Bolivia(CCMIB) formed in July 1993 was created with the purpose of promoting indigenous involvement in movements across the country. CCMIB is carrying out this goal by focusing on electing representatives of indigenous communities to the Bolivian government. Attachment Title Indigenous_Women_In_Bolivia_Set_Examples_For_Abya_Yala.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Bolivia CCMIB Indigenous women http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/84b792af98ca5fdd2d0dfd3e4ccfb8df.pdf 6e52c0c12fc5e4a24f7607f8c42bdf6d PDF Text Text D I TORI AL. The year 1993 (Gregorian year) is behind us. ln different ways and for different neasons, great expoetations were created because it was said that this yw would be beneficial for Indigenous people. ln the fmt place, the United Nations declared 1993 the "Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples". The yw was conceived to provide a platform so that consciousness, sensibility, and human rights to favor Indigenous Peoples would be created throughout tbe world. Nation-stales reacted positively to tbis call, but ~e.-repairs to oppression and discrimination have seldom benefited o~r peoples. In truth, we can affirm that no signifiCallt fact o~c rep3!l! i5>n is concrete. If this would be true, there would have been some advances in J Indigenous legislation, commitrnents o CSJabl· h di~ alit fuJ1.he~ (o~ogicil conservation and economic implementationon z Indigenous Territories. ;AI \~ ? ' ~ The World Bank and the Intern Development Bank, after sgonsoring <tceadc{bf ~ironmental destruction, accompanied by genocide and ethnoeide, have only receatly decided to invite lndif~ representativefui \~ dial~es. These banks have offered some " economic support and technical ~bu ~ ere is noguarantte lhat'illey;vill stop fundingde&liuctivc ~je<:ts on Indian areas. The United t' =~~eloproentProg13111prOmised~j;,rtproje<:~~~i?,nofbiodive:~teiJCC)tualrightsoflndigenouspeoples' Indeed, aU of these can be ~"'{ ~e. How er, thM·~~teeJ!!!!.!W ,s: ag;kmeo~ proposals, and proje<:ts wiU be implemented under conditions of "!luality ~d !1'.\'tualrcspoe~ i.e.witb-i~_:9.'Uprticipati01f~f J.!)digenous peoples in the decision making or implementation process. There is alSo no gueie<: Indigenous TerritOries and natural r~ees within bose territories will be respected. that The Indigenous fund, created by the ~e ents of Bolivia and MexiOO has only~n.,rntified byfi~e or six governments even though it has beenwidely publicized. What isev~worsc, is h~paii";CI~tionby-au~~~njZaltons in thedecision-maki.ngprocess and not one Indigenous women's orga$ization h~ invited even thoug,. there man~~')/ Re<:ently, the United Nati<>ns has~ t~of Indigenous P!'OPICS, from 1994-2004 to beip, among other things, to disseminate information (education) regarding Indi~ us P~~ resolutio~ bowev~, does not rellect" the full participation of the Indigenous Peoples in the activities of the Decade. It ~~Ued · ew P~ec;M>"-tbat bad ibeOretically begun in 1992 has already ended, ~ for it has not been mentioned anywhere. ~ '~ ~ !} Despite cunrent processes of dernocra tion in Jftin Ameri~ assacres, ~ression, assassinations of Indigenous representatives, and endless waiting for territorial demarcation ~laws, ~ntinued to the end of tbe Year t e w id~ndigenous Peoples. We must print for the record, tbe massacre of the Yanomami in ~· theK ~aninka ~e in t~o'!>eruvian~n, tlie assassination ofa Macuxi leader in Brazil and several Indigenous peoples of theF i'Itures fOUifd in Gua~m~a. ~inations ~ve also ~en place in Colombia and repression in Ecuador and Panama does not escapeoy eo.lbm: In~qilc, 11w{Mapuche ~pie were tmp~ 1,and continue to be prOS<X:uted. Similarly, ' when it comes to Territorial Demarcatk>n, t'U'USI pqjnt out the Macu~ ~I) o~tbe ~ea Ra~.Serra do Sol and the military strategies used to intimidate them, as well asJhe ~~~~ilizatiqn of 125 Mocovi lndi~'\Qusl,o~nities against the "Law of Indigenous c Communities" approved by the gove.OOr ~santa" 1;''9, 1\r~ntina.pe liSt <jf eount~es that.have -qolated, intimidated and refuted the rights of Indigenous peoples continues to grow1All ~hJ dei1)o~trilles tha~ in ~raetiec, !be& oontiDues to'be violations and denial of ancestral Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The publicized WOdj q>n!ere.l& Human Rights of t.berUoited Nations in Vienna (1993), bad no significant ' anainments. "'-. I II! 4 It is important to emphasize, as a positiveoutcomeof]hisco~tintiOOS continentafand world struggle oflndigenous Peoples, that we have advanced nationally, regionally, continentally, and globally. The Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Peoples organized by CONIC, ' ~! , tbe "Coordinadora de Naciones, Pueblos y Organizaciones lndfge®S ije\ Continente", last October, marked a historical milestone in the consolidation of continental unity, organization, self~riticis"j:. and P/?~itional political position. The hopes and yearning for a 1rue year of justice, peace, and hannony l' r our people is the wish of the entire Continental Indigenous o Community. With thesegoals in mind, we are building community, IoJkiDg to ibe future, and taking ftnn steps to voice our continental demands. are 1 1 'f tn • Peace, JUStice, and Harmony with Mother Earth SAIIC Board ofDireclors VO L 7 NO.3 3 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Editorial Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource SAIIC Board of Directors Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Editorial Item Type Journal Article Author SAIIC Board of Directors Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 3 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note An editorial highlighting developments in the indigenous community during the year of 1993. Attachment Title editorial.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] saiic Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Peoples World Conference on Human Rights of the United Nations Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/fbbc18c22f99b58cbe5d0d121138ed40.pdf cf237d8d27139d3e68a691a4b16cc79b PDF Text Text '7o rake human DNA and parent its p roducts, that t~iolares the integrity oflife itself. and our deepest sense of nwrality." Isidro Acosta, President of the Guaymi General Conguss. ''When a foreign govemment comes into a coumry, takes blood witlww explaining the real impUcarions to local peoples, and rhen tries to patent and p rofit from the cell line. that's wrong." P01 Mooney, RAFI Executive Dirtcror. you haven't heard about scientifiC en the method of execution to the exclusion of ally. From financial compensation to the deavors relating to the Human Genome, Native representatives in project discussions, potential for biologjcal warfare, it is essential yousoonwiU. Aswe plunge <leeper that all foreseeable consequences and into the decade, the bcxlfellows, bioimplicationsassociatedwitbtheHGD llnm.l!l Cit'nontt· = Hlo . c~oc~ gt'lk"'· tolll.lillin~...: .111 tcx:hnology and science, are having a Projcx:t he taken into account before indi\ idtldl.... t wn-dil. u\· inhu cn.llion. lnuod in.tll !llt· dircx:t impact upon Indigenous comfurther damage occurs. < dl' l 1! .1 llunt.Ul I )( 'ill}.!. munitieswitbovenidingrepercussioos I h u ll-111 <it ·notm · 1 llg.tniz.tlit ,,.., Ill " ;c 1 tl >. ~~ ·d in I .on< for humanity at large. In the previous 11.\CKGROt:\ll doll! r ill. lilt i.t\ ,IIIII ol (it"ltti!IK' (("'-('.lit ll- \\.lllt"l Abya Yala News joumal, we provided Bothun. I'H" ... idt 'l\1 ci .. UII'' C.Hl!OI. \"1' a sketch of the HumanGenome DiverGuided by tbe premise tbat the ge· sity Project. Since then, much more netic composition of different ethniC Jhul\.111 (it'llOillt' IJi\t'l'il\" Pwjn 1 d !Cil> t•rojn IIl 'lopo~ll lot ollt"( I ,l!ld '!lid\· gt'I"K'Iit 'Ill It 1111<' ol information has been made available groups may vary slightly , the project \ ·, niott... 1·f llllit group... . \ lot ....t • it Hl'n.,llit 111.11 t on.._. u · and patents applications on Native organizer.; aspire to gain a better litull ol ttJ11\t'1'11i<· ... ,tnd ...t it'llli' l' 1h.11 .tilltlo }.!.llhn peoples' eelllines bave been revealed. under.;tanding of why diseases vary blood. ).,tit .ttMIIlltlttih ..... uupk" ol l,ugt·lnl pop11l.1· The following article hopes to eluciso much in their geographic distribu· lion... t on... itk-t nllo he Oil lht· ""'-<"1}-!t"' o l c\littt lion date the various components and imlndi}-..'t.'lltttt-. gtottp... w lnu·d to . 1 · t...tl!.ttc... ••I Ill'· ... tioo and from there, try to find out if In t i(" hllt' lt"'l.- l"tilll.tl\" l'to jn I h llti.llot: l.tti;.:,i I.Utd plications assoc.iated with the Human such variation is caused by human ('d\" lh·...,!OI/•1. l'lnft·..,..,ot Lnlt"liltt... ol c;ctM'III' ,11 , Genome Diver.;ity Project, highlight· adaptation to local environments or Sl.lllhtttl ing its impacts on Indigenous Peoples changes in genetic make-up (5). around tbe world and course of action Through these findings, it is boped taken thus far. that new methods of dealing with While the potential benefits sbould not he are being seriously questioned by Indigenous fatal diseases, i.e. cancer, AIDS, etc. wiU he underestimated, all oftbe related issues, from organizationsandsupportg,oupsintemation· developed. I 12 . Abya Yala News �NATIONAL. INTEH \IETIIOII Through RAFI's research, it is known that 712 groups have b«n !Mgeted for sample collection. The following ootline provides a brief overview of the sampling and lab research process: ceU line has b«napproved how will compensation be determined? Wbat systems arc in place for assuring that Indigenous peoples will be appropriately compensated on all commercial gains? To date, these questions have not b«n answered. ing the instiMions that have waged an unbridledwarofopprcssionandgenocidcagainst Native peoples for the past 500 years. Ill. IIIOI.I)(;J('\1. II \lll-'.\llE l hll ii.UI (it 'll(IIIJ<' Prnwt I· I ·.s !.Collect blood, hair and mouth scrapings from selected population 2 Once gathered, samples rushed to lab(witbin48bourstiJm)wberewhite blood cells are to be "immortalized" a)wbite blood c:dls are cultured in the lab tben (men in liquid niuogco. Each cell contains a complete set of genetic DNA. This process allows the information in the genes to be preserved indefinitely for ful1Jrcsrudy. 3. Once in thi~ form, cells are l1Jmed intocelllincs( continuoosly dividing cells that can provide a theoretically infinite supply of genetic material). '4. DNA to be dcpooited and stored in scvenal "banks" around the world. Tbedcpooited material will be available for funhcr research. Results from resco.rch an then be patented tTIIt'W i' .t!'o \ lt•dit oll l k'-t.'oU< II ( 'tiUIIt ti1 \ IIH ~ l l un ~. 11 1 ( it'· nomt· .\l.lppul).! Prow< 1 11 1 Lnndot1• \ .... ~ l 1dltnn c llnrl \\I \I( II bq..~olll i ll I' lXX \\Jill lilt' )..:.11,11 ol IJI, IJI\IIIlg l"ottll til lh' l l • l.t il • l }.!!'Ill'' !CIIIJ)(j \\ tl illll t ltr~• lli'II....CII l iC '' .u~d "--'t[tln)lul;...:. 1lw nl- liw "'lft'ltll ol hn)(k·tl h\ •'1111 htull,\11 D' \ h\ !It~:• l , u ld li'lt ' l S ![)( ' \t'.l! .,!t l l'"; ,,111111\.1) ht...,!l:tUt ' ~•llh·.!~:1l S. llt'j).HitUt'lll o! l_u·rg\ 1DOI.• PI, 1\ ·c·r..., : I , , \lllt'fll olll 1\'J M.' ( :11Jit 1 ' ( CIJIC~ II~ Ill , l{t It )... \ 1llc' ft ~11). lhllthllg_ j)IIJI JI lei! olii i\'Jlt'' ul (~ l]]c •t IICll l: hO.OOI 1 r, m • llldlt 'I i,ll' II 0111 \ r, I ' I In I nn tl.IJ 1 t and pt.uu \ 'iHI"-''"" L\1. l.t•g,ll dt'J)(I...,i l t'IJ, lor li\·illg ™"' llldlt'lidl h\' l'.S. P.llt ' lll ollld TJcld t 'l llclfh..., I I[ !it l', :!. l'ti\,llt' hintt·t llnu!og~ · < tllll)lolllit'' :t \',Hioll' UIU\t'r...,i ltt '"' illt ht<IHlg: l 'CI .. \ . l'C Bcrhdt'\". Slctlllord. Yollt • In tcnnsoftbe ~nenal Agreement oo Tariffs and Trade (GATI), the United Sates is doing everything it an to make p<~tentingofall formsoflife a legal pall of tbc trade agreement Ifpassed as an intem>tional mandate, how will The fact that Indigenous representatives and organizations have not b«n consulted lndigenoos pcgple be able to hold governments, or included in the planningproecss thus(ar, instil1Jtions,corporationsaocountablewhensueh illustrntcs the patemalio;tic way in which tbc accountability will be regarded as a "barrier to projcct is being condUCled. Issues relating free trade?" to patentS, diversion of funds, access to II. STOR.\GE F.\('ll.ITIL~ gathered informalionandthe potentialtbreat ,\ \1 OIU.IIII \\1\ OF '11\.\' of biological warfare have yet to be addressed satisfactorily by project organizers. The idea is to create various "world banks" of DNA around the globe that woold include I. 0\1 WIN Ill' \\II P.\ TE\TS borh regional and natiortal storage facilities and It is a fact thai some products and pro- be accessible to government agencies, corporacesses f<'lated to extracted material will lions, foondatiom, and interested rescortbers. havesuhswllialcommercialvalue. Oncea In otbet words, tbc information will be made patent on material extr1aed from a buman available to an)'one who shows interest, ineludVOl. 7 NO. 3&4 In the context of genocide, marginalization, denial of traditional c:ulture practices, who is to say a govemmen~ with a history of awession toward Native populations and, in most ofthe eases, responsible for the it physical demise, will not take the readily accessible information and use it to eOOicate an "inuansigent" group or people? are sympathetic geneticists who fed that tbc feasibility of producing wgeted ethnic biological warfare makes the poosibility a long shot, but not oot of the question. Wbere are the controls? II. Ill\ l·. llSIO' 01- H \liS ' The exorbitant amoont of money necessary to imple~nt the project eoold be used to improve the present squalor that many of the targeted groups live in. In otbet "ords, tbe money eoold be spent oo helping the groups that are foc:ing "extinetioo"tooveteornC the various fortes that have placed them in this critical predicament so that tbcy an lead bcalthy, productive and self-directed lives now, rather than being recreated and "immonaliltd" in laboratories for future science projects. TilE Gl'.\ \'\Ill' \ '11-'\ 1'•.\ (;(.1\II'SE OF TilE Fl Tl llE (;0\E .\lillY \\OHSIII \RS( '0\11 I HL 'I· Despite tbe efforts of HGD Project organizers to make it appear be nip, equitable and absolutely necessary, the recent patent claim application on the cell line of a 26 year old Guayami woman from Panama, by U.S. Department of Commerce Secretary Roo 13 �Brown, illustrates tiM> underlying dangers and At the recent Second Continental Encoun- fused and anonymous makes monitoring even potential for the projec:tto get out of eonlrol. ter of Indigenous Nations, Organizations and more difficult. Thccballengc, then, is to make Collec~ed under dubious eircumslanees, the Peoples (CONIC), representing over 2,500 sure that research of!his nature stays transparwoman'secllline isbeingstoredattbeAmcri· communities and organizations throughout ent and accountable. canTypeOiiturcCollection(ATCC). Inquir- the Abya Yala eon tinen~ issued a resolution However grave the situation may seem, ies made by Isidro Acosta, President of the denouncing gcnomerescarcbandtheGuaynni positive and effective action can be taken by GuayamiGeneraiCongrcss, and Pat Mooney, patent claim. As infonnation aboullbe projec~ individuals. International pressure demand· Executive Director of RAA, about the cell reaches Native communities, opposition until ing !hat all types of related genetic research be line being repatriated to !he Guaymi conducted wilh clear, structured and people, have been met with ambigudirect involvement oflndigcnous or( :o"f .n1d i'"ullding: I !( il l I 'r 1;n ; I: 11 i 1, 1: I1\ t '·\ t 'd!' t 'lit )J\ 1"' t '\.j )( 't ted ous responses and lillie action. Thus, ganizations so lhatlhey arc an integral to< o:-;1 l>cl\\ I.'Cll ..._:..? ~ .~:1d ·;_-, Jlli!lio!l dfl~:.~: ..... !hecell line remains in the bands of the part of tiN> decision-making process, is L\;x·< tn! 11 1 ..;.. l :il!J~t- lruln Hl_IU) · 1.-,_U){ I !l~i ­ United States government and the vital. As tbe possibility for "a small lll.lll ...!l<'t illlt'll'"' \\t'J,I~~t·tcl],l! ( tl..._l Jlt 'f ~Hiljl]t· ATCC against tiN> wishes of tbe origi· number of corporations, universities, t.l:t.'...:.t'"' !1<1:11 ~~.1•1 l~l ,1"' Ju~~i1 .1~ ~::~xJ c~ · nat "owner." and govcmmcnrs owning life's genetic Curren:!\ ~cdi.lll.'~ !ll:Hiu~;..:. ~olH<('~ tro:n :- ~~~\· On a broader level, if the U.S. code,"(1) turns into reality, tiN> time to t'rtl!lH'll! ,l:~t'l\1 H ' "' ,lJJt! Jl!l\-, l:t· l4lli:Jti,tl:ll!l~. government manages to make tbe mobilize is now! tu nt1~:1:~ \\illrn•J..,l ~i!--;.d\ t~Jrll<' tf1J:!l tlw :\,li:<J:t. tl patenting of human material legal Sc:t'!Ht·h~o~tr:cl,ltl<l:J II<JjX'j...,\<ICJ)J:.IJ:J ...rJ:IH'<Jt underGAlT,disputingapatentclaim \\II\ T YOl" C.\\ JlO: \ lit ' IIIIJ!lt'\ gt.Jtl\t 'ti ]IJ l)j{' l!lll t l, lll (;t•:I<Jl!H" and repatriation would become !bat J•H iit't\ much more difticull To make mat· fi nd out who is doing research in II. I hull; Ill (it ·nonw Projt "< I L '\J)( ·ned 11 1ldl t c1.._: ters worse. tbere are reports of otbcr your area and bow it is being moni· ~:~ IJ:)!tfll\Hl IUIW.._lllt' grd!ll!llo:Jt"\" u ... t!~l:J\ .1!· possible patent claims on Navajo cell tored. Urge that indigenous orga.nizalul!t"d tor ..,t Lt'lllil:l l"t ''""t'dH 11 Fund1:l~ t ro:ll :lw lines as well as prodigious cell line tions be consulted, informed, and in· :\!II dtlt I I)( II: collection going on in Colombia. (6) volved during every phase of tbe Along with !he Guaymi eommu· projec~. for more information contact nity,lndigenous peoples and organizations as Indigenous organizations are properly con- Professor Henry Greely, Head of tbe North well as a growing number of concerned scien- sulted, informed, and directly involved, bas American Ethles Comminee at the following tisrs areverbalizingtheiroutrage. There have been !he resounding response. address: beenvariousresolutionsdenouncingtheHGD Project by first Nations. The Mataatua CO\CI.l SIO\ \\ll C \I. I. TO \CTIO\ DeclarationonCullural and lntellec:tual Property Rigbrs of Indigenous Peoples in June, At this poin~ the HGO Projec~ bas not Professor Henry T. Greely 1993, stated the following: received the substantial funding it requires to Professor of Law Call for an irnmed.iate halt to the ongoing be carried out and therefore bas the potential Stanford Law School 'Human Genome Diversity Projec:t' until irs of being stopped. However, before breathing Crown Quadrangle Stanford University moral, ethical, socio-econonnic, physical and easier, it is important to take a look beyond tiM> Stanford, CA 94305-8610 political implications have been thoroughly immediate situation. lftheHGD Projec~ does fax: 415.725.0235 discussed, understood and approved by In· not materialize in irs grandiose form, tbe e-mail: digenous peoples. possibility of genome researeh bceonning dif· Henry.Greely@I'Qrsythc.Standford.EDU j I. RAF1 Prm 8.deas<, "lndig<nou< P"'91e Pro<"' U.S. Sccttlal)' or Coolmer« Pa1cn1 Oaim on Guaymi Indian Cell Unc," IM5fl3 l Sud>cl, Gabrielle "Wo.kl W">dc Gene Study May Re,·<al Human H~IOI)'· s..nroro Obo<Mr, Juty-AugUSI 1993 .J:.-d., 3. RAF11bePanTh>l Feeds Us" ~ ~~ 4. RAF1 Coolmuniqut, "PaleniS, lndig<oous Peoples, and Human Groclie Oi,.rsily" M 1993 ay S. New Scicnlist, M 1993 ay l 6. RAFt COn<$(>ClCid<nc< wilh tsi<fto ACXIOU, S.pu:rnber 21, 1993 1. Wuelhrich. Btmi<» .,AJI Rjght:s Reserved, H lhe Gene·Patcnling Race is A.ffeding Sciertee,.. Scicnoe News, Vol 144- Septe--mber 4, 1993 ow 14 """)• Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gene Genie and Science's Thirst for Information with Indigenous Blood Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Daniela Spiwak Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Gene Genie and Science's Thirst for Information with Indigenous Blood Item Type Journal Article Author Daniela Spiwak Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 12-14 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note Concerns about the impact of the Human Genome Diversity Project on Indigenous Peoples are raised. No indigenous representatives or organizations have been included in the planning of the project. Misuse of information gathered during the project has become a concern. Attachment Title Gene_Genie_And_Science's_Thirst_For_Information_With_Indigenous_Blood.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] CONIC Human Genome Diversity Project Human Genome Project Mataatua Declaration on Cultural and Intellectual Property Rights of Indigenous Peoples http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/1a89e81d4925ec9c032ff67ecfcbda55.pdf 77430f53ef007cf10a7f55c57fdc9391 PDF Text Text SELF DETEHMI~ATION & TERRITORY Co~sTITUTIO~AL REVI S ION 1~ BIV\.ZIL: A Tt !HEAT TO I N DIGE="Ol'S RIGIITS BY e batUe for the rights of the over twO hundred Indigenous groups in Brazil seemed to have c.Jaimed a victory at the end of 1988. Bra:z.il 's newconstitution was drafted and approved that year, recognizing the rights of Indigenous peoples, including the right to their lands. A five year deadline for the demarcation of these lands was established. After obtaining Indigenous territory status they would be proleeted by the government against invasions. Only the Indigenous peoples would be able 10determine the use for theirlands, including. if they so wished, mining and forestry. This deadline expired on October 5, 1993, and only 266 of the 532 territories officially rcoognizcd bad been demarcated. The 1988constitulion also included a clause for its revision at the end of five years. This period also expired in October. If this revision lalces plaoe, the rights granted could be revoked. The validity of the demarcation of Indigenous territories and the current restrictions on the use of these lands are highly questioned by many groups that support the constitutional revision. Invariably, these groups are part of the elites that have lost advantages and privileges. The three chapters central to the debate arc those concerning agrarian reform, the environmen~ and the rights oflndigenous peoples. II is feared tha~ if carried through, the revision could lead to changes toward the Nco-liberal policies supported by the majority of the Brazilian con· gress. Spocial interest groups lobbying in the Congress will have great influence over be results oftherevision. The political climate in the congress is actually dominated by these diversctboughgenerallyconscrvativegroups. The lack of complementary judicial tools that are also adequate and agile, added to tbe inoperative power of the executive are also seriously threatening the conquCSIS made for indigenous rights. T: VOl. 7 NO. 3&4 SLt.L;"o.:L .J. \.IC\~111.1.<> One of the most significant conquests was that over the Yanomami territory in May, 1992. The granting of 9.6 million hectares demarcated as Yanomami territory is now in danger of revision. Although the official recognition bas not kept gold prospec!ors away, some groups contend that this area is ~xeecd­ ingly large for the Yanomarni. Another argument is that demarcation in border areas threatens national sovereignty Minister of Justice recently declared that the demarcationwillonlyoontinucinareaswbere there are no conflicts, a requisite nearly impossible to fu1fill, and lbal effectively baits the process of demarcation until the revision issue is resolved. This process could take months or even years. The Minister of Justice also bad the power of prohibiting access 10 indigenous areas, but the Supreme Tribunal recently revoked Ibis power. This will have serious consequences for groups that are still isolated. Their limited numbers are threatened by the illness and violence that nearly always follow contact with outsiders. In the 500 years since the beginning of European invasions, the population of Indigenous peoples of Brazil bas been reduced from over 5million to less than 500,000. Their territories today are only IO%oflbeiroriginal size. The biggest obstacle to their survival is theattitudeofBra:zilian society. To the majority of the population, Indigenous rights and environmentalism are not social priorities.. Hunger and poverty are ranked first These economic pressures create great tension between the Indigenous peoples and the new colonistS, poor migrants trying to establish fanns in their territories. Indigenous people are thus the most widely discriminated group in Brazil, frcqucntl yviewed as sicl<, dirty, and carriers of the Cholera virus. The physical and cultural survival of Indigenous peoples is not considered their right, but rather an eeeenlricity of environmentalists. Many Brazilians arc of the opinion thattbe resources of the tropical forests can and should be exploited for economic bencfi.ts alone. These benefits rarely reach !bose actually affeCied by poverty. This attitude needs 10 change if the rights establL5hedin 1988 aretobeupbeld and if the fight for indigenous rights is to be continued. by creating practically independent stales. This argument does not take into account the fact that Indigenous territories have existed in border areas for years. Indigenous groups like the Kayapo and the Guarani are involved in legal batUes to prove their rights 10 establishing territories thai cover areas in different countries. Though it is true that the constiiUiional revision would not aller tbe present situation it can risk tbe loss of the judicial principle that pbilosophically supports the rights ?f indigenous people. Thus, the Yanomarni and the Kayapo could lose the legal basis to defend their autonomy and territories, as well as looiQg the power 10 resolve other issues still not legally defined, such as their rights over intellectual property and germ plasma. The appropriate compensatory mechanisms are yet to be CSISblished. Recent events justify the urgency of the possibility of constitutional revision. The Sources: Porantim, Revisao Constitucional 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Constitutional Revision in Brazil: A Threat to Indigenous Rights Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Selene Jaramillo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Constitutional Revision in Brazil: A Threat to Indigenous Rights Item Type Journal Article Author Selene Jaramillo Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 23 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Brazilian 1988 constitution expired October 1993 and is due to be revised. If it is revised, negative public attitudes indicate that there is reason for indigenous populations to worry that they will lose rights granted to them under the 1988 constitution. Attachment Title Constitutional_Revision_In_Brazil_A_Threat_To_Indigenous_Rights.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Brazil Constitutional Revision Kayapo land rights Yanomami http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/067534fe4d32350c5c9a8062c1196c50.pdf 71cbc60043f07c50968ea7256ea4523e PDF Text Text EAL EPIDEMIC HITS COMMUNITIES OF SAN LORENZO, PERU n the Peruvian Indigenous communities of San Lorenzo, located close to the Ecuadorian border, an unidentified epidemic rosem bling the measles has spread voraciously, killing 5 and infecting 88 others. Symptoms include high fevers, skin eruptions, respiratory difficullies, hemorrhages, vomiting of blood, diarrhea, and bone pain. Representatives from tbe Ministry of Health have Oown to the respective sites to collect samples which are currently being evaluated in the United States. In the meantime, a vaccine against measles has been discovered to diminish lbe intensity of the illness, resulting in a campaign to vaccinate 13,000 people. The Minisl.ry of Health made an official agreement with the Interethnic Association for the Development of the Peruvian Jungle (AIDESEP) to develop an"Action for Health" program serving ISO Indigenous communities of the High Amazonas regions via the San Lorenzo Health C.nter. Eacb community elects Indigenous youth to be pall ofthe "Promoters of Health" network that is trained to respond to the needs of the community during times of crisis. In addition, the Ministry of Health appoints an lndigeoo+ prescntative to be in charge of the health needs of 8-IOcomm'"'/rie's. Previous cbolera and malaria epidemics were effectively brouh{t under control tbrougb I (@PTS JNlrriATIVE ON INDIGENO U S HEA,L "PH fter reviewing the "Heal!! ; the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas" initiative fonnulated at the Working Meeting on Indigenous Peoples and Health, held in Canada, from April 13to 17, the Directing Council of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), resolved to adopt Document CD37(JJ) during its Fourth Plenary Meeting held last September. The document which describes the initiative, was presented to PAHO by Colombian Senator Anatolio Quir3, Juan Reategui of Aidesep, Peru, and Mirna Cuninham, Miskito from Nicaragua. The resolution urges member governments to take steps in improving the deficient health and living conditions of the estimated 43 A VOl. 7 NO. 3 & 4 these networks. This is the second epidemic to reach the San Lorenzo communities in recent years. Malaria Falsiparum, before coming into San Lorenzo, bad spread in the border petroleum exploitation regions of the Ecuadorian rain forests with the arrival of obreros (oil workers) from other partS. Despite these positive efforts, both !be impacts of disease and severe water sbortages are driving San Lorenzo into an increasingly alanning health crisis. As a resul~ AIOESEP, its member organizations and the San Lorenzo Health C.nter are ealling for a revamping of Peru's bealtb care system for its Indigenous communities. For more infonnation contact: AIDESRP Av. San Rugeoio981 Urb. Santa Catalina-La Victoria Urna 13, Lima, Peru Tel: 71~21 ·- Fax: 72-4605 million Indigenous personsoftbe Ameri· cas as well as the participation of lndig· enous leaders and representatives in Ibis process. The resolution further eallson governments to strengthen the tochnieal, admin· isuative, and managerial capacity of na· tiona! and local institutions that are responsible for the health of Indigenous Juan Reategui or Ald<sep populations with a view to progressively 1 - - - - - --...J overcoming the lack of infonnation in this area and ensuring greater access to health services and quality care, thus contributing to a ttigher degree of equity. Member governments are further urged to work toward the transfonnation of health systems and the development of alternative models of care, including traditional medicine and disease prevention programs. The directing council also calls for the ~rticipation of Indigenous persons and their communities in all aspects of PAHO's work. For more inl'o: Pan Amtrkan Health Orga.ni1:alion 525 23rd St N.W. Washington DC 20037, USA 29 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Epidemic Hits Communities of San Lorenzo, Peru Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Epidemic Hits Communities of San Lorenzo, Peru Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 29 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note Another epidemic infects the indigenous community of San Lorenzo, Peru bringing to light the weaknesses of the Peruvian health care system. AIDESEP and the San Lorenzo Health Center insist on renovation the health care system. Attachment Title Epidemic_Hits_Communities_Of_San_Lorenzo,_Peru.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] AIDESEP Epidemics Indigenous Peoples Ministry of Health Peru San Lorenzo