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                    <text>The Kayap6 have learned video to document their
stmggle to protect the rainforest.

SAIIC
P.O.Box 7550
Oakland, CA 94707

© 1989 Kit Miller

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                    <text>SAIIC's projects and programs include:
(1) publication of the newsletter and other special
publications;
(2) Indian visitors program;
(3) human rights advocacy;
(4) radio program;
(5) project of support for Amazon Indians;
(6) 500 Years campaign;
(7) Central American Native support campaign;
(8) public presentations.
Do you have time or skills you would like to
contribute to SAIIC? Friends of SAIIC can assist
with newsletter and radio show production, office
work, fundraising, art, and with our visitors'
program.
Newsletter
To receive the SAIIC newsletter for one year (four
issues), please send a donation of US$10 for
addresses in the United States, Mexico and Canada or US$12 for addresses elsewhere.
Publications
Working Commission Reports: Second Conference of Indian Nations and Organizations of
South America. Tiwanaku, Bolivia, published by
SAIIC, 1984. US$2. Brazilian Indian Lands, 1989.
US$1.

Page 31
Radio Show
One-hour tapes of SAIIC radio programs can be
purchased for US$8 each. Titles include: (1) Evaristo Nugkuag, Amazon Indians' Coordination/
Indigenous Peopls and the World Bank; (2) Sofia
Painequeo (Mapuche, Chile); (3) Francisco
Mamani (Aymara, Bolivia); (4) Gilberto Macuxi,
Brazil; (5) Amalia Dixon (Autonomy Commission
of Nicaragua), Juan Salgado and Elasio Holmes
(Kisan for Peace), Miskitu, Nicaragua; (6) Rigoberta Menchu, Guatemala.
The SAIIC radio program "South and Central
American Update" is aired the third Friday of
each month at 8:00 p.m. on KPFA-FM, 94.1 in
northern California.
SAIIC's Newsletter is a quarterly publication.
Donations
SAIIC welcomes all contributions! The newsletter, our radio program, and other projects are
financed by donations from our supporters. Your
generosity is appreciated.

Acknowledgements

Coordination, Nilo Cayuqueo
Editor, Glenn Switkes
Assistant Editor, Monti Aguirre
Design and Layout: Fragua -Rodrigo
Betancur, Jairo Monar.

Word Processing: Wayne Payne; Taller
sin Fronteras.
Typesetting : La Raza Graphics.
Printed at Inkworks.

SAIIC acknowledges the contributions of Elizabeth Draper, Rigoberta Menchu, Terence Turner,
Juan A Aulesti~ Paul Bloom, and Helene Lorenz to this issue.
For production assistance, we thank the American Friends Service Committee, Onaway Trust,
Vanguard Foundation, Intertribal Friendship House, Earth Island Institute, Wes Huss, Maya
Miller, and SAIIC members: Monti Aguirre, Rodrigo Betancur, Nilo Cayuqueo, Xihuanel
Huerta, Dominique Irvine, Julio Le6n, Peggy Lowry, Carlos Maibeth, James Muneta, Gina
Pacaldo, Eli Rosenblatt, Maria Lucia da Silveira, Maria Amalia Souza, Paola Sesia, Ellen Speiser,
Anna
Glenn Switkes, and Lucilene Whitesell.

~~----~~--~--~--~-

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                    <text>MALAYS
TRIBAL PEOPLE ARRESTED
IN LUMBER PROTESTS

\Perth__ _

"ONE ABORIGINAL FAMILY"
Aboriginal activist Pat Dodson, Chairman of
the National Federation of Land Rights Councils,
gave this report on the Aboriginal mobilization in
observance of the 200th anniversary of the Europeans' arrival in Australia:
"About 15,000 Aboriginal people were in Sydney on January 26th, 1988-the largest protest by
any one people in Australia's history. When we
marched, the spirit of our forbears was with us.
We all remembered Jandamarra, Pemulwuy, the
Kalkadoon warriors, Arapie-all the heroes and
heroines who died defending the land, the culture, the ceremonies. Those without a spirit or a
heart to see would not have experienced, known,
or appreciated this.
"We marched together as one Aboriginal family and we reasserted our nationhood. This was
expressed by Central Land Council Chairman
Wen ten Rubuntja when he said Aboriginal people
living along the coast where the white people
took over first might not know their language
anymore, but the Emu story and the Snake story
go all over Australia and we are all descended
from these stories, they come from the sea
through our country, all over Australia.'
"On the streets of Sydney, we were like one
great black snake and our presence was living
proof of the 200-year-old lie that founded white
Australia-the legality' that declared Australia an
'empty continent' or Terra Nullius.
"For the remainder of 1988 our struggle will
focus on these self-evident truths-our fundamental demand for land, culture, and justiceand we will continue to build our theme: We have
survived-we were always here, and we will
always be."'
SOURCE: LAND RIGHTS NEWS, P.O. Box 3321,
Alice Springs, NT 5750, Australia.
,-"&gt;··"

Malaysian police have cracked down on Penan
tribal people protesting the invasion of their lands
by logging companies. In December and January,
128 Penans from Sarawak province were arrested
under a new law that makes blocking a logging
road an offense punishable by a two-year jail
sentence, and a fine equivalent to U.S. $2500.
So many of the younger Penan men have now
been jailed that it is feared that the women and
children left in the forest villages will face acute
food shortages. The Penans arebeing held in small
cells in the police stations at Miri and Marudi.
Despite cramped conditions and inadequate facilities, they are reported to be in good morale.
The Sarawak Director of Forests, Mr. Leo Chai,
has said that firm action against the Penan needed
to be taken because they have been "stubborn"
and "have to be taught a lesson." Some of the
blockades have been tom down by police andreerected by the Penan nine or ten times. 80% of the
hardwoods logged in the Penan rainforest are
exported to Japan.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Rainforest
Action Network, 300 Broadway, Suite 28, San
Francisco, CA 94133.

Objectives and Goals of SAIIC
SAIIC's goals are to promote peace and social
justice for Indian people:
(1) by providing information to the general public
in the U.S., and to human rights and solidarity
organizations regarding the struggles for survival
and self-determination of Indian peoples of South
and Meso America.
(2) by facilitating exchange and promoting direct
communication and understanding between
Indian people.
c

;§Aile can be reachedviaTelex #154205417 (Attn:.

Telex/Electronic Mail:

SAIIC) or by electronic mail via Peacenet (cdp:
·. SAIIC).
'-'-

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                    <text>MALAYS
TRIBAL PEOPLE ARRESTED
IN LUMBER PROTESTS

\Perth__ _

"ONE ABORIGINAL FAMILY"
Aboriginal activist Pat Dodson, Chairman of
the National Federation of Land Rights Councils,
gave this report on the Aboriginal mobilization in
observance of the 200th anniversary of the Europeans' arrival in Australia:
"About 15,000 Aboriginal people were in Sydney on January 26th, 1988-the largest protest by
any one people in Australia's history. When we
marched, the spirit of our forbears was with us.
We all remembered Jandamarra, Pemulwuy, the
Kalkadoon warriors, Arapie-all the heroes and
heroines who died defending the land, the culture, the ceremonies. Those without a spirit or a
heart to see would not have experienced, known,
or appreciated this.
"We marched together as one Aboriginal family and we reasserted our nationhood. This was
expressed by Central Land Council Chairman
Wen ten Rubuntja when he said Aboriginal people
living along the coast where the white people
took over first might not know their language
anymore, but the Emu story and the Snake story
go all over Australia and we are all descended
from these stories, they come from the sea
through our country, all over Australia.'
"On the streets of Sydney, we were like one
great black snake and our presence was living
proof of the 200-year-old lie that founded white
Australia-the legality' that declared Australia an
'empty continent' or Terra Nullius.
"For the remainder of 1988 our struggle will
focus on these self-evident truths-our fundamental demand for land, culture, and justiceand we will continue to build our theme: We have
survived-we were always here, and we will
always be."'
SOURCE: LAND RIGHTS NEWS, P.O. Box 3321,
Alice Springs, NT 5750, Australia.
,-"&gt;··"

Malaysian police have cracked down on Penan
tribal people protesting the invasion of their lands
by logging companies. In December and January,
128 Penans from Sarawak province were arrested
under a new law that makes blocking a logging
road an offense punishable by a two-year jail
sentence, and a fine equivalent to U.S. $2500.
So many of the younger Penan men have now
been jailed that it is feared that the women and
children left in the forest villages will face acute
food shortages. The Penans arebeing held in small
cells in the police stations at Miri and Marudi.
Despite cramped conditions and inadequate facilities, they are reported to be in good morale.
The Sarawak Director of Forests, Mr. Leo Chai,
has said that firm action against the Penan needed
to be taken because they have been "stubborn"
and "have to be taught a lesson." Some of the
blockades have been tom down by police andreerected by the Penan nine or ten times. 80% of the
hardwoods logged in the Penan rainforest are
exported to Japan.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Rainforest
Action Network, 300 Broadway, Suite 28, San
Francisco, CA 94133.

Objectives and Goals of SAIIC
SAIIC's goals are to promote peace and social
justice for Indian people:
(1) by providing information to the general public
in the U.S., and to human rights and solidarity
organizations regarding the struggles for survival
and self-determination of Indian peoples of South
and Meso America.
(2) by facilitating exchange and promoting direct
communication and understanding between
Indian people.
c

;§Aile can be reachedviaTelex #154205417 (Attn:.

Telex/Electronic Mail:

SAIIC) or by electronic mail via Peacenet (cdp:
·. SAIIC).
'-'-

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                    <text>MALAYS
TRIBAL PEOPLE ARRESTED
IN LUMBER PROTESTS

\Perth__ _

"ONE ABORIGINAL FAMILY"
Aboriginal activist Pat Dodson, Chairman of
the National Federation of Land Rights Councils,
gave this report on the Aboriginal mobilization in
observance of the 200th anniversary of the Europeans' arrival in Australia:
"About 15,000 Aboriginal people were in Sydney on January 26th, 1988-the largest protest by
any one people in Australia's history. When we
marched, the spirit of our forbears was with us.
We all remembered Jandamarra, Pemulwuy, the
Kalkadoon warriors, Arapie-all the heroes and
heroines who died defending the land, the culture, the ceremonies. Those without a spirit or a
heart to see would not have experienced, known,
or appreciated this.
"We marched together as one Aboriginal family and we reasserted our nationhood. This was
expressed by Central Land Council Chairman
Wen ten Rubuntja when he said Aboriginal people
living along the coast where the white people
took over first might not know their language
anymore, but the Emu story and the Snake story
go all over Australia and we are all descended
from these stories, they come from the sea
through our country, all over Australia.'
"On the streets of Sydney, we were like one
great black snake and our presence was living
proof of the 200-year-old lie that founded white
Australia-the legality' that declared Australia an
'empty continent' or Terra Nullius.
"For the remainder of 1988 our struggle will
focus on these self-evident truths-our fundamental demand for land, culture, and justiceand we will continue to build our theme: We have
survived-we were always here, and we will
always be."'
SOURCE: LAND RIGHTS NEWS, P.O. Box 3321,
Alice Springs, NT 5750, Australia.
,-"&gt;··"

Malaysian police have cracked down on Penan
tribal people protesting the invasion of their lands
by logging companies. In December and January,
128 Penans from Sarawak province were arrested
under a new law that makes blocking a logging
road an offense punishable by a two-year jail
sentence, and a fine equivalent to U.S. $2500.
So many of the younger Penan men have now
been jailed that it is feared that the women and
children left in the forest villages will face acute
food shortages. The Penans arebeing held in small
cells in the police stations at Miri and Marudi.
Despite cramped conditions and inadequate facilities, they are reported to be in good morale.
The Sarawak Director of Forests, Mr. Leo Chai,
has said that firm action against the Penan needed
to be taken because they have been "stubborn"
and "have to be taught a lesson." Some of the
blockades have been tom down by police andreerected by the Penan nine or ten times. 80% of the
hardwoods logged in the Penan rainforest are
exported to Japan.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Rainforest
Action Network, 300 Broadway, Suite 28, San
Francisco, CA 94133.

Objectives and Goals of SAIIC
SAIIC's goals are to promote peace and social
justice for Indian people:
(1) by providing information to the general public
in the U.S., and to human rights and solidarity
organizations regarding the struggles for survival
and self-determination of Indian peoples of South
and Meso America.
(2) by facilitating exchange and promoting direct
communication and understanding between
Indian people.
c

;§Aile can be reachedviaTelex #154205417 (Attn:.

Telex/Electronic Mail:

SAIIC) or by electronic mail via Peacenet (cdp:
·. SAIIC).
'-'-

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                    <text>Page 29

NORTH AMERI
Ill
NAVAJO, CHARGED WITH SPYING, REMAINS IN PRISON
Marine Sgt. Clayton Lonetree, originally
Big Mountain, Arizona, remains in military
at Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas, accused of
over top-secret documents to the Soviet
Human rights advocates charge that Sgt.
tree is a scapegoat to cover up a series of c:.&lt;&gt;r'11rihr'
fiascos at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow,
Lonetree was stationed, and that his arrest
have been arranged in retaliation for his
activism to defend their land at Big Mountain.
Lonetree was court-martialled and convicted,
although his defense attorneys were denied visas
to travel to Moscow and conduct an investigation\'-_
of the charges, and all of the service guards and ',
embassy personnel who might have provided·
evidence to exonerate Lonetree were transferred\, '@~~.:---••••~--­
to 19 countries in different parts of the world. Sgt. -~
Lonetree faces 25 years in prison, but his con vic- , \.
tion is now being appealed.
·
According to Lonetree's attome)j William
Kunstler, "Never in my more than forty years of
.
practice have I ever witnessed a more flagrant and ~
unabashed effort to see to it that a defendant was~--·
denied every fundamental constitutional~
protection."
~;:--~·- ·
Lonetree's mother, Sally Tsusie, says, '1 believe .,, "·
that because of what's going on at Big Mountain
... that they were just looking around for something to attack him with. I'm originally from Big
Mountain and in 1980 I was arrested for interfering with fencing of the BIA.... They filed eight ·
charges against me which never went to court."

&lt;--

WHAT YOU CAN DO: Write to Sens. DeConcini, __ , -/
Inouye, and McCain of the Senate Select Commit- s~j
tee on Indian Mfairs, asking for an investigation - ~
into the circumstances of Sgt. Lonetree's arrest
and conviction. Donations for Sgt. Lonetree's
defense may be made to the Clayton Lonetree
Defense Fund, P.O. Box 1380, Tuba City, AZ 86045.
FOR MORE INFORMATION: Big Mountain
Support Group, Box 9908, Berkeley, CA 94709.

�</text>
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                    <text>Page

28

~
._.

SURINAM

. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE SPEAK

(The following is from a statement by George Pierre, representing Caraiben and Lokono people
of the Indigenous organization TUNA-SARAPA at the meeting of the Coordinadora of the Amazon
Basin, June 1988.)
Civil War Brings Turmoil

"Brothers and sisters, we come from the
"Our brothers and sisters lived spread out
region of Guyana, north of the Amazon River and
throughout the Surinam territory in 39 villages, of
bordered by the Chinoco River, the Amazon, and
between 75 and 2,000 people. Between October
Atlantic Ocean. In Indian communities, we are
1986 and January 1987, 26 of these villages were
8,000 Caraiben, 4,000 Lokonos, 2,000 Trios!),eQq;::··· totally sacked and burned, due to the civil war
Aloeko~janas, 600 v:rajarekoeles: and 30,0 V,Va~~~?~;:t betyv.een the army led by ex-soldier Roni BrunsPeople m these regions are umted by langu(l e·•i!l'" mjk, ~nd the. army of Commander Colonel Desi
culture, religion, ways of life, and the struggl ·
·
Bouterse, .leader of Surinam's military junta.
/ /
., i•;;\t?
During this civil war, we had opted for a neutral
land rights.
w_e live by ~racticing agriSuliuJ.:e, fis.~g,
position;··. whlch, created suspicion in both the
huntmg, and makmg crafts. The F~D1en: cwr;vate
; r~bel army. and the junta.
cassave (manioc), annanas (pin~appl~s)~Cpinda~,, r: ··, . . 8,000Indians. had to flee to French Guyana,
(peanuts), camotes (sw.eet pota\dt::s1!· :?pi wf:H"~~~&lt; •· :Bt~z,il, artdtoSurir!am's capital, Paramaribo. Many
known com, and a variety of gre,e11s:.J;Y~men··Clocc\
other brothers and sisters fell into the hands of
the ceramic work, weaving the 4m;Um9cks and
Brunswijk's ar.my,7and were then tortured, raped, I
preparing various foods, such as n\ani()c. :,i.'" .. i~~
and killed. Thi.Sdvil war has been catastrophic for
We men are responsible for the p:t}p'at~ti~:Bf.~~;~~)
SinceNo~e:inber 25, 1987, Surinam has had a
·the land for cultivation. Hunting is 'aJso ~Et~~::.~~ • derr.9cra~ic"gcivemment.
work. We take our sons with us, so that th~y·:~~:;;;~·,. ,
..Brothers and Sisters: In the hope that our
also learn. Handicrafts are the work of both~mefi~·~·&lt; health and true religion and medicinal force holds
and women. The men weave baskets and bags, •···· · our work together. Jallalla!''
FOR MORE INFORMATION: Tuna Sarapa Surigrind manioc, prepare arrows, and sew fishing
nets. Fishing takes place in rivers as well as in the
name, Postbus 10497, 100IEL, Amsterdam
sea. We use floating nets one to two kilometers in
Holland.
------------------length with boats we build, but which use outboard motors.
Women do the ceramic work, weaving the
hammocks and preparing various foods, such as
manioc. Many of our brothers and sisters also
::;
work in: industry and administration, but we are
really a minority. Some of us, with difficulty,
~
opened small shops to sell food and various
things, small transportation companies, and companies to treat fish.
"'

1

1

us.

~

:~

I )::

.I~

"'

j
""
~
00

~@
of TUNASARAPA

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                    <text>Page 27

PERU
AIDESEP CALLS FOR CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT AMAZON
POLICYL_j
l__r--JA~
LJ
-~==
...r-i..

The Inter-Ethnic Association for the Development of the Peruvian Amazon (AIDESEP) held its
Thirteenth Assembly in September, 1988, and
called for changes in Peruvian government policy
to include Indian participation in designing
Amazon development policies.
Among the themes discussed were those of
land, natural resources and ecology, production
and commercialization, social services, and
organization. Consensus emerged on several key
points:
•"to demand changes in the government's economic policies for the Amazon, so that development benefits our comm~nities, and not the
bosses and business interests" -to develop an
urgent program for nutrition and medicine, with
the funding for this project controlled by Indian
representatives in order to avoid corruption;
•to develop a national plan for land titling for
Indian communities, with AIDESEP coordinating
the self-demarcation of Indian lands.
•that international funds from development agencies be prioritized to "recognize, title, and increase
the size of" Indian lands, "because we are the
ancestral owners and the best caretakers of the
Amazon''.
Representatives of the 19 regional organiza-tions attending the meeting in Villa la Paz, Chosica elected a new Board, consisting of :
President, Miqueas Mishari, Ashaninka
Vice-President, Roman Shajiam Sakejat,
Aguaruna-Huambisa
Vocals, Eli Sanchez Rodriguez, Shipibo and
Raul Casanto, Shingari
Treasurer, Oswaldo Manihuari Muray~
Cocama; and
Secretary, Santos Adan Atsua, Aguaruna.
SOURCE : "Voz Indigena'', Av. San Eugenio 981,
Lima 13, Peru.

---

__-::__ --

;&gt;

~
~

})

JJ?

~~

_tl~~6
~-

ASHANINKA INDIANS HELD IN
SLAVERY ~ -S-._c;_?

Among the most serious · violations of the
human rights of Indian people in Peru is the
enslavement of the Ashaninka people in the
Ucayali, Tambo, and Urubamba River regions.
At the recent Congress of the Regional Indian
Organization of Atalaya (OIRA), delegates called
for immediate action on the part of the Peruvian
authorities to stop these violations.
Delegates of the community of Diobamba
stated that 'Beman Cagna, owner of the Fundo
Nueva Luz has been exploiting more than 50
Ashaninka families for more than 30 years
through slavery and hard labor without payment,
and with threats of putting people in the private
jail he has built. Cagna has about 60 men working
in the extraction oflumber in the Tahuania Creek,
forcing them to work from 6am to 6pm.".
Florinda Arenas Campos denounced the
patron Victor Merino for raping her 15-year old
daughter in fron of her. Later, she said, Merino
took the young woman to the Fundo Salvaje on
the Ucayali River. In spite of Florinda's denunciations, no action has been taken by the authorities.
She revealed that Merino has 20 Indian people
working in his house as slaves.
There may be thousands of Indian people in
the Atalaya region who are being physically mistreated or held in slavery, whose lands have been
stolen,. Some who protested have been murdered.
According to OIRA, this is in clear violation of the
Law of Native Communities and related government regulations.

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PERU
AIDESEP CALLS FOR CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT AMAZON
POLICYL_j
l__r--JA~
LJ
-~==
...r-i..

The Inter-Ethnic Association for the Development of the Peruvian Amazon (AIDESEP) held its
Thirteenth Assembly in September, 1988, and
called for changes in Peruvian government policy
to include Indian participation in designing
Amazon development policies.
Among the themes discussed were those of
land, natural resources and ecology, production
and commercialization, social services, and
organization. Consensus emerged on several key
points:
•"to demand changes in the government's economic policies for the Amazon, so that development benefits our comm~nities, and not the
bosses and business interests" -to develop an
urgent program for nutrition and medicine, with
the funding for this project controlled by Indian
representatives in order to avoid corruption;
•to develop a national plan for land titling for
Indian communities, with AIDESEP coordinating
the self-demarcation of Indian lands.
•that international funds from development agencies be prioritized to "recognize, title, and increase
the size of" Indian lands, "because we are the
ancestral owners and the best caretakers of the
Amazon''.
Representatives of the 19 regional organiza-tions attending the meeting in Villa la Paz, Chosica elected a new Board, consisting of :
President, Miqueas Mishari, Ashaninka
Vice-President, Roman Shajiam Sakejat,
Aguaruna-Huambisa
Vocals, Eli Sanchez Rodriguez, Shipibo and
Raul Casanto, Shingari
Treasurer, Oswaldo Manihuari Muray~
Cocama; and
Secretary, Santos Adan Atsua, Aguaruna.
SOURCE : "Voz Indigena'', Av. San Eugenio 981,
Lima 13, Peru.

---

__-::__ --

;&gt;

~
~

})

JJ?

~~

_tl~~6
~-

ASHANINKA INDIANS HELD IN
SLAVERY ~ -S-._c;_?

Among the most serious · violations of the
human rights of Indian people in Peru is the
enslavement of the Ashaninka people in the
Ucayali, Tambo, and Urubamba River regions.
At the recent Congress of the Regional Indian
Organization of Atalaya (OIRA), delegates called
for immediate action on the part of the Peruvian
authorities to stop these violations.
Delegates of the community of Diobamba
stated that 'Beman Cagna, owner of the Fundo
Nueva Luz has been exploiting more than 50
Ashaninka families for more than 30 years
through slavery and hard labor without payment,
and with threats of putting people in the private
jail he has built. Cagna has about 60 men working
in the extraction oflumber in the Tahuania Creek,
forcing them to work from 6am to 6pm.".
Florinda Arenas Campos denounced the
patron Victor Merino for raping her 15-year old
daughter in fron of her. Later, she said, Merino
took the young woman to the Fundo Salvaje on
the Ucayali River. In spite of Florinda's denunciations, no action has been taken by the authorities.
She revealed that Merino has 20 Indian people
working in his house as slaves.
There may be thousands of Indian people in
the Atalaya region who are being physically mistreated or held in slavery, whose lands have been
stolen,. Some who protested have been murdered.
According to OIRA, this is in clear violation of the
Law of Native Communities and related government regulations.

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Page 25

CONFENIAE PRESSES FOR HUAORANI LAND DELIMITATION

~~~

The Confederation of Indian Nations of the Ecuadorian Amazon (CONFENIAE) is supporting
the Huaorani Indians in an attempt to delimit and protect their territory from the encroachment of
colonists and from the adverse effects of oil development. Together, they are cutting a survey line and
making the boundaries of the approximately 7,722 square miles of traditional Huaorani territory, an
area about the size of New Jersey. The Huaorani have been trying to secure rights to these lands, vital
_for the continued physical and cultural survival of their people.
Huaorani territorial integrity is threatened
from two directions-first by the building of state
roads bisecting their territory, and secondly by
the building of oil roads into the more remote
eastern part of their land.
The first incursion into the heart of Huaorani
territory has been the building of roads which
have brought the Huaorani into conflict with
colonists seeking to establish land claims within
the area with the support of the government's
land titling institute (IERAC).

The most immediate threat comes from colonization along the
Coca-Curaray road, which is being constructed as
part of the national transportation system. The
Coca-Curaray road has already nearly bisected a
corridor of Huaorani territory-a stretch of land
approximately 60 km. long that connects the
already titled Huaorani Reserve (only one-third of
tradit~onal Huaorani territory) with a larger part
of therr land now located within the boundaries of
Yasuni National Park.

�Page 26
The second danger to Huaorani territorial • paralization of all oil activities within the Huaointegrity is linked to the development of oil rani territory and Yasuni Park, examination of the
reserves on a lease granted to Conoco, an Ameri- terms of the oil contracts, and a new policy on oil
can oil company. Conoco has already drilled ten extraction in the Amazon to be formulated with
wells on Huaorani territory within Yasuni Park, the participation of CONFENIAE;
and is considering putting four of these wells into • immediate action on the part of IERAC to preproduction. They insist that they must build a vent further invasions ofHuaorani land by colonos;
road to install and service the pipeline needed to • the suspension of all roadbuilding in Huaorani
pump out the oil, and have already surveyed and territory by the Ecuadorian Army Corps of Engimarked most of the extension of the road. Once neers until the lands are legally recognized, and
the route is known, colonists will inevitably follow until the problems with colonos and oil companies
the road to claim land the Huaorani say is theirs. are resolved;
CONFENIAE and numerous national and inter- • the government to work with CONFENIAE on
national environmental groups have vigorously proposals for the integrated development of the
protested the construction of a road for oil explo- Huaorani nation;
ration within Huaorani territory.
• the government to take responsibility for any
In light of these developments, CONFENIAE serious problems that are caused within Huaorani
territory;
is calling for:
• topographic measurements of the Huaorani area • the National Board of Tourism to prohibit tourwith the participation of the regional federations ism in the Huaorani area, or else they will have to
of CONFENIAE;
be responsible for any unfortunate circumstances
• the new government of Dr. Rodrigo Borja Ceval- that take place.
los to proceed with the urgent legalization of the
Huaorani territory;
WHAT YOU CAN DO: Send letters or telegrams to Pres. Rodrigo Borja Cevallos, Presidencia de la
Republica, Garcia Moreno 1043, Quito, Ecuador. Send a copy to CONFENIAE, Aptdo. 4180, Quito
Ecuador.
. .. ...,...
'

.

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                    <text>Page 24

IN MEMORIAM: FRANCISCO
MENDES FILHO (1944-1988)

-- I\

1

On December.22,1988, "Chico'' Mend~~~~
President· oftheRubber Tappers' Uriio!L,ei~~
· Xapurl,Acre, was gurined down by an as,sa~,5l
sin hired by cattle ranchers~ During his Jiffl~~i
tiille, Chico Mendes worked to forge&lt;·~~
alliance between rubber tappers and I114!~t
genous people of the Amazon, viewing b?:S!i:'l
groups as com:mon .victims of the predatocy~l
d~stt;JCtion ()f th~rainforest. Chico 1\1e~d~if~J
.·. . ... . ~veson through a new fuundationi;n,Y
his'nam.e which will support the !llbb~j
:'tappers' struggle.
. .
,,i;~~:1l
, ,: ~"

'

:: :'

',/~&lt;f\~&gt;'

A&lt;:corarngto.ChicoMendes/Tthinktf{i~j
,~~·~~ .."~· thaf we are starting to bring.§tQl
. . ..· ~lli~ce ..ofthe peoples oftl{~J
raJmtlJtest is what \consider to be on~ qf t~~;J
ttu)StiJ:rlpcrrtaJnt f&gt;teps forward in thes · • '·

·.·. •. · . 6f;\ma26nia.

Chico Mendes worked to forge an Alliance of the
Peoples of the Amazon.

© 1989 Aguirre/Switkes/ AMAZONIA

.· .•.•,• . •·•••

1llote }han ·10(1 years~ the rub ,. ,
.tal)p(~rsw~re ttsed by .their posses h~~:J.~J
. .. · ·. ·. ·. asslaves... used ag~inst tl:~e~g~::~
....
&lt;illS, . IU~ssacre those Indians whoweref1:1¢;i
·legithnate o.vnersofthese forests. !odai•~l
important·· awakening has .takeri p~~~:d I
where the Indian ahd the seringueiro.ha'ie.i !
I\OW discovered thattheyarenot enemie(~:il
&lt;that it was those who caused this fighfitlg! .
.who were the ~eal enem.ies then--,and.f~1~.J~.I
.
the real enemtes today are those who,'~ .
d~vouring and devastating our rainf()te~f&amp;.l~ '
·andwho want to finish off Amazonia.". ·;;~, I
Chico Mendes: wor~ lives onthroug;~~~.i
new foundation. in.his name which.~;/
supp()rt the rubber. tappers' struggle ~:,G,
1

:i[[i1:t

WR&lt;\TYOU CANDO: Donations may):)~l •
sent to the. Chico Mendes FuD.d, c/o
.·Environmental Defense Fund, 257 Park!\~1
· So., NeW Yor\&lt;, NY10010. ·
. ~~

tne]

2

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                    <text>Page 23

ACRE PROTECTION PLA 1'"
INADEQUATE

:--.., 1111

In 1985, the Interamerican Development Bank,
yielding to protests that their plan to pave the BR364 road from Porto Velho, Rondonia to Rio
Branco, Acre would adversely impact Indigenous
people, rubber tappers, and other people of Acre,
created a "Plan for the Protection of the Environment and Indigenous Communities (PMACI)," to
be designed and implemented before the road
project was approved.
The latest version of PMACI, however, shows
that the "national security" considerations of the
Brazilian military have been placed above the
concerns of the populations struggling for survival in Acre. In particular, the plan calls for the
creation of '1ndigenous Colonies," which UNIAcre, the regional council of the Brazilian Indian
movement, has flatly rejected, saying that it will
continue to press for the complete, legal demarcation of Indian lands. The Brazilian military has
ruled out recognition of large extensions of Indian
lands in the border regions as a threat to "national
security." (See Yanomami article above.)
WHAT YOU CAN DO: Send letters or telegrams
to Enrique V. Iglesias, President, The Interamerican Development Bank, 808 17th St. NW,
Washington, DC 20006, protesting the failure to
incorporate the concerns of Native people into the
PMACI.

£NfYUANTO 1550 8M WASII!Nt]TON. . .

/i~z~(~~­
'Acre will get money only after you demarcate Indian
lands." 'Who would think-Gringos with a heavy
consc1ence.
•

II

MACUXIINDIAN KILLED IN JAIL
Velario Damasio Macuxi, 17, was found dead in
his cell at the civil police station in the town of
Normandia, Roraim~ on October 23rd. Other
youths held in the police station allege that they
had been severely beaten by members of the
police.
.
The Macuxi, of the savannah reg1on of the
northern Amazon, have suffered encroachment
on their ancestral lands by cattle ranchers.
Recently, the Macuxi have become more assertive
of their land rights, and in 1988, SAIIC sponsored
the visit of Gilberto Macux~ one of the tribe's
spokesmen, to the U.S. (See Summer 1988
newsletter.)
Amnesty International, which has launc~ed a
year-long campaign to denounce human n?ht_s
violations in Brazil, says that a number of meldents have been reported where Macuxi Indians
engaged in non-violent activities aimed at protecting their land were detained and abused by the
police and army.
FOR MORE INFORMATION: Amnesty International, 322 Eighth Ave., New York, NY 10001.

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