16 12 1190 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/9c8416177c42ecf3b6a580dc4df4ef6b.pdf 50e6c6b19268e3440a7687c260163b0a PDF Text Text BOLIVIA Indians Seek representation • Peasant 1n Confederation Interview with Genaro Oliver, CSUTCB The follow ing is an tlltervtew with Cena:ro Oliver. an active member qf the Con· federaJ:(l)n of CompesiJlo UniOns of Bolivia (CSUTCB). We spok e w ith him t1l Genoa. Italy tJt August 1992. at the Soconas/lnoomlndlos meeting ofEuropean organiZaltons tJt solldar· ily wllh the Indian NatiOns of the Amerk:an ConttJtenL We offer Mr. Oliver's perspective as a new current wlthtll the CSUTCB. His matll tenant Is that the Campestllo Con federatiOn must consider the reality qfe thniC identity. SAIIC: Who do you represent Genaro Ollver? "The name 'Confederation of·Campesino Unions' shows the lack of genuine representation of the Indigenous peo ple of Bolivia" 24 Genaro Ollver: I am a member of the Confederation of Campes!no UnJons of Bo· Uvta (CSlJI'CB). The CSlJI'CB IS organ.lzlng the First Meeting of Natlonalltles In October 1992. This First Meeting seeks to bring together aU I.n dlgenous Peoples of Bo!Ma. and Us main objectiveIs to regain the participation of the lndJgenous Peoples that have not been taken Into account by the Campeslno Confed· eratlon. Thename"ConfederatlonofCampeslno Untons · s hows the lack of genuine representation ofthe lndJgenous people of Bo!Ma. The name Indicates that the organ.tzatlon represents "untons·. and unions were tmported from Europe. The term "campeslno" (peas· ant) Is antmposed nameasweU.In the "lndJgenous Peoples Meeting" we would Uke to reestabUsh our ancient ways of organiZing ourselves. SAIIC: What Is the Labor Confederation of Bollv!a's (COB) position? GO: The COB Is rethlnk!ng some Is· sues. IftheCampeslno Confederation tries to reestabUsh contactwtth Its lndJgenousbase. theCOBwlllalsohavetoaddressthetssueof representation. At the moment It only represents waged workers but not lndJgenous Peoples. SAIIC: Do you belleve that out of the meeting a larger entity wlll artse. maybe an entity that wlll be larger than the cu rrent COB or even the CSlJI'CB? GO: This Is what we are thinking. The lndJgenous people are a majortty. There aremoreofusthantherearewagedworkers. and waged workers are not the only people to be represented. We think there wlll be Interesting discussions wtth other workers' organ.tzatlons. SAIIC: What Is your oplnton about women's participation In the lndJgenous Peoples' Meeting? GO: This Is a topic that wlll have to be discussed by women. There Is a large women 's organJ? .atlon which Is a part of the Campeslno Confederation. But as Is the casewtth Indigenous people. the Campes!no Confederatlondoesnot adequatelydealwtth the problems ofwomen . Their partiCipation as women and as Indian women In thelndJgenous Peoples' Meeting wlll be extremely tmportant. Abya Yala News �BOLIVIA Aymaras Replace Peasant Union with Traditional Ayllu Federation IntheruralconununltyofSanAndres de Machaca, ln the Ingavt Province of the Department of La Paz. traditional forms of SOCial and politiCal organiZation have prevalled over the nation-state proposals to assimilate Indigenous cultures. FollOWing the reconunendatlonsofthe October 1992 National Congress of the Confederation of Campeslno Unions of Bollvta, csurcs. areglonalcongressgatheredonAprU 10-11. 1993,ln the proVince ofingavt. Four hundred and fifty Indigenous campes!no delegates, angry at established political parties of the left and the rlght who had manipulated their leaders In the past centwy. unanlmouslyvoted to dissolve theformercampes!no union and replace It with a Federation of Ayllus and Indigenous Nations. GtMro Oliver continued SAIJC: Would you like to add anything to thls InterView? GO: lwouldllketolet people know that thls kind of direct lntervtew with a true representative of an Indigenous community allows others to learn about what 1s really happening In thoseconununltles. 'n"avellngln Europe. we have found that Invited political representatives are often people diSengaged from the Indigenous Peoples. Many no longer live nor know what 1s happening In the communities themselves. Vol 7 Hum 1 & 2 Paulino Guarachi. executive secretary of the CSUTCB. and Florenclo Mendoza of theTupaqKatariFederatlon attended the congress but only as guests.Thelndfgenous The province oflngavi is rei!ISfoting its 1ndigenous campes!nos of San autlwritit s Andres de Machaca discussed how traditional Aransaya and Ur!nsaya sections of the conununlty have relnStltutedaconununalreglmewheremallku and momata'qua. the Indigenous authorities. follow the ancient dictates of thelr ancestors. Political power has also been restored to the elders of the conununlty. The native authorities believe that the Anuqara. UWlk'u. and sallka, corrupt local politicians of the past. had betrayed the community by selllng the political positions of the traditional authorities to national political parties. 'The result was the transformation of thelndlgenousconununlty!ntoanurbandomlnatedappendlxofthe nation-state. which has only sporadiCally answered the needs of the community Itself." Conununity representatives at the congress agreed to end all alllll.ation with political parties, speak and Write AymaraSpanlsh and respect cultural traditions. Source: Aqul La Paz, Bo!Cvta 25 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bolivia: Indians Seek representation in Peasant Confederation: Interview with Genaro Oliver, CSUTCB Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Bolivia: Indians Seek representation in Peasant Confederation: Interview with Genaro Oliver, CSUTCB Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 24-25 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note SAIIC interviews Genaro Oliver, member of the Confederation of Campesino Unions of Bolivia (CSUTCB). Genaro Oliver believes the organization must consider the reality of ethnic identity. Attachment Title Indians Seek Representation in Peasant Confederation.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Bolivia CSUTCB Oliver Genaro saiic http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/71eefac6d88b44413d2263ab4c3aa27e.pdf 4a2707a8da82d46e554f89e8326c73c7 PDF Text Text ENVIRONMENT & D EVELOPMENT Increased Oil Development Rejected in the Amazon Indigenous people throughout the Amazon ore increasingly discovering oil extraction to be om: of the greatest threats to their fond, health ond culture. In Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru. central governments ore pushing increased oil ond gos development os o solution to their economic problems. Maxus oil company constructs now pipeline into the forests of the Ecuodori.an Oriente E.CUADOR: Indigenous Federations Take Strong Stand Against Seventh Round of Oil Leasing 0 or flooded forests and rainforest. That 53 me day. llcuadonan lndogenous peoples and euvoronmcmalists responded with a peaceful takeover of the ~1imstT)' of Energy and Mines. As a result. MiniSter Fmnc~o Acosta agreed to a me<ung with the Confederation of lndlgenou:. Nationalities of llcuador. CONAIE. opening the way n Janto 24, Ecuador's presi and vast ar~as nry dent fOm•~lly opened a new round of oil leases, which will open fh·e million ncrcsohhe rainforest (an grea the so of New jersey) to ze mtemnuonal oil comp.•mes. Included m tht lands affected are the territories ortheHuaoranl,Quiehu.1,Cofan.Shuar and Ashuar peoples, the planMd Sumaco and Galems National Parl<s. Voi. 8No. 1 & 2 for discussions on the fom1atlon of a commission to design and omplcmcm oil monitoring policoe$. In March. CONAIE and the Amazon regtonallndigcnous org.•ni;rnuon. CONFENAlE both Issued suongstatements no11f}ing the Ecuadorian government and tmnsn;uoonal ool compames that the Indigenous peoples in Ecuadorwould not allow the new round 31 �ENVIRONMENT & D EV ELOPMEN T "...the 150.000 Indigenous people who make up the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of the Ecua. dorian Amazon cannot guarantee...that oil exploration or exploitation projects in our territories will be able to proceed." of licensing to proceed. In an open letter to the Ecuadorian president, Edmundo Vargas President of CONFENAIE declared. ' The Ecuadorian government's lack of sensitivity round of licensing, "during which time the country can evaluate the environmental and social impacts of oil <levelopment. and Ecuador can implant policies for oil development which include defenseoftheenvironmem,respect for the ways of life of lndigenous peoples. and an integrated orientation of the countrywhichwillbenefitall Ecuador- the 150.000 Indigenous people who make up the Confederation of lndigenous Nation. lities of the Ecuadorian a Amazon cannot guarantee, neitherto the Ecuadorian State. nor to national or foreign investors paTiicipating in the Sev· emh Oil Licencing Round, thaLOil cxploration or exploitation projects in our territories will be able 10 proceed.~ regarding the position of the lndigncous peoples and evironmentalislS of the region; the lack of a serious natural resource managmem policy which addresses the present and future needs of ians." our country and particularly those of Vargas stated. "TheOirectiveCoun- lnformcuion Sll/1/)lied by CONAIE, the Indigenous nationalities of the re- cil of CONFENAIE, together with its CONFENAIE and the Rairiforcsr Action gion: the absence of adequate laws to member federations. has resolved that Networ·ll. • control national and foreign companies; the carrying out of economic projects within Indigenous territories b}' the government and privaLe comapanies without prior consultation; al1d the lack of indigenous participation in the decisons and benefits n April. Federal Judge Vincent L zation of Indigenous People of of these projects, clearly demonstrate Broderick ruled that iflndigenous Pastaza (OPIP) and support organithat the conditions and guarantees necpeople and others suing Texaco zations. the transnational oil comessary to extend the scope of petrofor irresponsibly discarding hazard- pany ARCOagreed to negotiate their leum activities in the Ecuadorian Amaous waste in the Ecuadoriann~in(orest plans foroilcxploration in the provice :zon do nol ex.ist. 11 CONAII; supported this position can prove that decisions regarding ofPastaza in Ecuador'sOrieme. OPIP COonjune9. Asecond adding. that they hold . 'the Ecuador- these operations were made at Texaco met,vithAR heaclquaners in New York, then it meeting should be occurring in Ecian St:He and pelroleum companies participating in the Seventh Oil Li- would be appropriate for the case to uador as this magazine goes to press. censing Round responsible for the prob- be heard by the US federal court in ARCO officially Slates that it bas not lems we have and for damages both to New York. The case was brought b)• yet made the decision to pursue exthose people who have lived in the Siona, Secoya. Cofan, and Quichua ploration in the Oriente's 'Block I0'. Amazon for thousands of years and to peoples and mestizo colonists who it has nevertheless, reached seven~! live in the zone affected by Texaco's preliminary agreements \vith OPIP. their environment.• operations. Indigenous groups point out that OPIP and ARCO agreed to establish Texaco's lawyers have asked the a techical commission which ,v;u the drilling areas up for relicensing are located in the headwaters of the Ama- judge to reconsider. If the case pro· include three represematives from ceedsin NewYorkcourt, it will set an ARCO and from Petroecuador and zonian river system on the Eastern slope of the Andes. Therefore an)•spills important precedent regardingrighlS six from Indigenous organizations of foreigners to bring US based multi- in the region. Thiscomol.iSsion ,v;u and toxic dumping--which have been nationals to trial within the US. ubiquitouscompanionsof previous oil CSiablish the guidelines for an Evaluactivities in Ecuador--could potemiltlly ation of Environmental Impact for Pastaza Organizations negoaffecttheentireAmazon region through the Exploratory Period, as well as its waterways. tiate with ARCO select which company will complete. !3oth organizations called for a fif. Under pressure from the Organi· the sllldy. teen )'tar moratorium for the seventh Case against Tex aco m ay be heard in New York Courts I 32 Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ecuador: Indigenous Federations Take Strong Stand Against Seventh Round of Oil Leasing Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource CONAIE CONFENAIE Rainforest Action Network SAIIC Board of Directors Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Ecuador: Indigenous Federations Take Strong Stand Against Seventh Round of Oil Leasing Item Type Journal Article Author CONAIE CONFENAIE Rainforest Action Network SAIIC Board of Directors Volume 8 Issue 1,2 Pages 31-32 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Language English Abstract Note In the face of further threats of environmental destruction at the hands of oil companies, Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE) and Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of the Ecuadorian Amazon (CONFENIAE) occupied the ministry of Energy and Mines until Minister Francisco Acosta agreed to meet with them. The groups insisted that indigenous people be included in the decisions about what would be done with their lands taking into consideration indigenous needs as well as environmentalist concerns. Attachment Title abya yala p31-32.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Amazon CONAIE CONFENIAE Ecuador Oil Extraction http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/3683cfdebf4e7d4416c35e92124c6430.pdf 550dd152575a0b951400368e3568240e PDF Text Text CHILE URGENT ACTION: CHILEAN GOVERNMENT MUST OVERTURN THE CONVICTIONS We at SAIIC are organizing a campaign to put pressure on the Chilean government. Please write letters to the offldals listed below demanding and end to the persecution of the Mapuche people. Patricio Aylwin Axocar Presidente de Ia Republica de Chile Palacio de La Moneda Santiago, Chile Fax: (56) (2} 697 3262 Fernando Chuecas lntendente de Temuco Manuel Bulnes 590 p. 2 Temuco, Chile Fax: (56} (45} 21 30 64 Please oend copies of your letter• to SAIIC and: Aukin Wallmopu Ngulom Caoilla 448 Temuco, Chile Fax : (56) (45} 21 30 64 Enrique Krauss Miniotra de Interior Caoo de Ia Moneclo Santiago, Chile Fax: (56) (2} 696 87 40 Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation Aukln Wallmapu Ngulam CThe Council of All Land) has announced that the Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation will b e held from March 29 to APrtl 1. 1993 In Temuco. Mapuch eTerrltory. "In the context of Ideological decolonJzation, we call for th.IS Second Tribunal In order to ldenUfyv!olations againSt our hiStorical rights to land and human dignity." The tribunal will analy'.te dlfl'erent cases of violations committed agatnst the Mapuche nation such as the Invasion of territories, ecological destruction and denial of Mapuche religion, and will end wtth a traditional NguUlatum ceremony. Vol 7 Num 1 & 2 The Mapuches are demall(}jng tluu their culture be recognized and respected. . 'We lnvltetradlttonallcadersandcommunJtles of the Mapuch e Nation. Indigenous peoples of the Americas and those Involved In national and International political m ovements to join us." For m ore Information contact Au kin Wallmapu Ngulam. ' 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chile: Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 23 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Council of All Land announces the Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation to analyze the violations committed against the Mapuche nation. Attachment Title Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chile Mapuche Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/ea9e065a0b7ca89f23439f6f9eb5e129.pdf 8ffb323a76c2cba8a02b495369e0350d PDF Text Text ENVIRONMENT & DEVELOPMENT Closing the Darien Gap? The Pan-American Highway's last Link by Alicia Korten (we do not want the Pan·Ameri Highway built through our homelands'. stntcs Lcopoldo llaporiso, chid of the 13,<100 Embcm·WounaanpeoplesofPanama's easternmost province, the Darien. I le states that th~ highways wit! CIIUW, ·m~•v• deforestation, immigrauon b)· outs•ders. an mcmJS<: In drug traffick· crs, v•olcnct and the loss of our cui· ture' In October of 1993. the Panam~· man and Colomb"m governments signed agreements to begin studies thnt they hope will lead tothe connectiOn of North nnd South America through the Darien Gap. If this I07 kilometer stretch Is butlt, the highway will run wtthout a break between Alaska and Atj;enurua's somhem tip. The O:mcn Gap is one ofthe world's mOSl b•oiQg~cally richndnfo~s and a cntical comdor between North and South American ecosystems for plant and wildlife. The area is home to roughly 40,000 mhabitants. includlnt: etm Alfcl<1 KorUro Is tiJC alSOCiaL< Jirwor of tho· Ct•tro for PIIP•Iar Ltgal ilssutanct's lndlg· rnou5 Program (CfAl.P) m Pa•ama. She,... ,;,; with the lnd~gll".<>US P~1t-i\mmcan lfoglotvay CclmniWWt! Vol. 8 No. I t 2 Rvc distinct Indigenous nations, Afri· c::.n-Amcricans, and m~tizo colonists. UNF.SCOdeclanid the Darien National 1'3rk, the largest in Ccntrnl America, a World Heritage Site an(llllos[ihere R¢· serve in 1981 and 1983 respective!)• beca1.1se of its cuhur:~l and biological di\WStty. The Colombian and Pnnamaman governments are explonng three dlf· fet't'nt routes..one along the P:loflc Co;1St, one along the Adnnuc Co..'\St, ~nd one through the isthmu~·s middle which would pass through the border community Palo de Lctms. The Palo de I euas ro1.1te is the shortest, least co$tly and most favored. All routes lY.lSS through Embera. Wounaan and Kuna temtortes. The Palo de l..etrns route cuts through the Indigenous communufes Pucuro. Paya. Cut>t. Aru~ and 01hers as well as through the Onnen National Park and the Knuos Pnrk m Colombia--both of whtch haw rcgulauons permitting the highway's consu·uction. Pressure to build the road comes primarily from South t\mericnn governments and industnes who want grtnter access to Nonh American m.•r· kets. Colombia. MeXICO and Venczt•ela are promotmg the highway'sconstruction most aggrcssh·cl)' due to a recent!)' signed f(ee u11dcagrccmcm. "The high· way ... will fncllhate trade of pem>leum, COltOn. cloth, iron, steel. and other goods between Mexico, Colombia and Venezuela.." statts juan Castancg~~. Colombia's Director of the MirusuyofForetgnAffitir'slatin Ameri· can~k Extending the Pnn-Amencan high· way is part of the Colombian govern· ments aggressive de,·elopment pack· age for the region. The Pacific Plan is a complementary mega-project aimed at opening the region to multiple fomlS or resource explottntion (seeAbya Yala. V. 7:3&4). The plan has gone through tnan)" t:eV\5\00.S StnCC US tmtoal draft in 1983. whtch ~tatcd that 'thise..xtensh·e region contains imme~ forest. fiSh· ing, ri•-er-and ~-b:tst:d mineral resources which the countr)' reqmres immediately.• The 1992 proposal how· ever, begins wn h discussion ofsustainable development and poverty allcvia· tion and then contmues with the prevl· ous goals of otl exploration, mining. largescale agriculture. commercial fiSh· mg and tourism. Together. these proJects thmuen 1he region wtth mas 29 �ENVIRON MENT & D EVELOPM ENT -- Sl\'e changc··changc whtch local pt0p1a frrl wtU dbpl.ltt thtar com· munmn and ck\btatc the ~'s C'ft\1ronmcnt lnc:h~tcnous pcol'lb far thc luglt- "~)' " ould cr.xlt the furcsu on whoch thr tr way of hfc dcPfnch by facthtaung the area's coloo mnllon and devclop· mcm In Oeccmlx:r of 199), over 500 delegates from dllfcrcnt Embcra· Wounaan contn>lmlllcs p.1sscd a rcsolunon Staling their 'rcjcCIIO Of the n PDn·American l lll(h" ~y·~construcllon th rough l ndt~:~rnou• tcrm orics I n P~n~na· because, ' the construct ton of the Pan-Arntne.on htgh"'11)' through our t~"'"'lldcauw ti'Kpaablrcbm- to our fornb. m crs. flor2 :and bmb upon,. hKh depend ou.r brotho-;, •nd 'l.>lcr- thc arumals and our n\-cr cuhu~ Thc "-OOncb ca~ b)· the ~em COfUIIUC1t<>n of the PanAnw-ncan htll)\w• > to suU fresh Thl$ C<'lblfll4t10n Cl~ the com·crston of our tcmu>ncs tnto tov.• p;t~tures and liulr by little the extinction of the b•oolv,·tl>ty of our lands.• Six indig••nou~ orwmiz,ulons in the Darien Gap hnV<' funned a co.1liuon calltd the lndt&cnous Pan-Amcncan • v.,,. = litgh,.ayCommt<•ICm(IPAHC)togam a \'OK'C tn upcommt ntj:Oilauons "We arc dcmandmg C>Ut kgal nghts tO C'On· ~uhanon rcg,mllnjlln)· plan,. the SO"" cm mcnt ha, for our anttstral bnds•, ~n Cl;&,mac C...rpoo. IPAHC. Coordan.uor Fund•"' for the 107lulomttcr hnk ntcr· 1$1\0l )-tt secu~ """~cr. thd Amcn(';ln ()e,ck,pmcnt Bank (108)"-111 1 P.mamo money to elaborate mmal 03n technical Sllldtc~ Mtd cm"romnentai imp.1Ct $tQtCntflll~ rhe 108 \\'111 also proV1de Colombtn S I.' mllhonto renoV the P3n-Amcnc.ut liighway seg3tc ment Medellin-1 urb<1, nn ~•stmgroad that requires lla\'ing to suppon intcrconttnentaltr.<ffll The Unned States J\O''Cmmem " ttl likely 1101 pro"de fundmg but m.ay ~uppon the pfOJCCI b) prO\t<hn& technical~. acconl"'' to Sl.&te !Xplnmtnt olrtcWs. lnd~ ptaple· uc d~ • n>· ou~ fundcrs from supponmg the protttt .,. 30 .. = Resolution of th• lndlg•noul Embers Wounaanand Kuna peoptu of Pan.ma at • Mtlonlll •ncounter to discuss exttntlon of th• PanAmericlm high..,.y on MJ!y 8. 1994. in tiHt community of Comun, eom.rc. Embeta-W-. AnN of C..maco. n1 t1uo1 8<Jono ji)""''S a... • .--1 "~an noc rm>a:n wl<ru \\. thcrd. .... raoh'( the"'"""""" • Fu>t R<)«t the Pr~" th:ot the P.llti%D3nl.ll\ .and Col.>rnbUn Go--.mmmt> ""' dlscu<SI~~&,.ithln tht Good :"'d;')tbor Co<nmissoon to Optn 1ht Dlr1<n (.tp b) bwlcltng 1h< f'm.Amrrl(,m li'Ch"'•l • S.Cond ll<nund tho '"'"'<d•~• U'JX1lSIOO of >tu.l~ hrtnll und.-n.~lu:n and tlul "tU be undfrL.Ikt"n h)• l~": Pan.un.mun .md Colomb1;1n j.tOV('mn\cnb, tu uprn the· 1),\ncn Cf.lp, whlc h tun,Ut\II('S C)u t T~tr1tonfs. • 1'hlrd· In thr (''"' tl"tt tilcy <'~lllhtuc to meet to dt>c:u•llhr Opt·nll\ji of the l),u1rn Gap. ""'demand the- JM<Iktp:nlc>n c>l hadtgcnous N>llons und.-r tqu>lconditi<lll',tO rl!'li!z< stud!<> and l'lro't~>rn.-nt PJ.ut-.. a S.diO!I.'lland lntcl1\.di(Jn.&l kwJ tlut rn.l) .•fleet our tcn'IIDtl, • Founh. I •pond ~llti) tht lndoncnou> Pm-Amcncm ti•J:h""> Corrunls$lon Io.ntn Gep),t., lndudttht lollov.tng a A mcmbermd.......,. Dl'theGtn<toiC"A!Wd>t.Sol tht Emhrr•·''"'"...., •nd Kuna b A rncmbu and o.\$btant uC l'ucum-1'••.. and the OnCC\Id. • Fthh. Dcm.1nd tho! the \! bltul n. .........., .~ ouch u the hlltr Amcnart Ot\clupuxmlbnk1108 tbt \\Crld IIW:Xld ethcD,IU>pmd a!l <miillorStla<holnd ~ tn rdloon IO tbt Opmin& ('( :b< J:>onm Wp and the poi\OC1patlon ol tbt lnd~nous s ......,.,n.n M.o"' •nd D<-"Ciopmrmll"rojtctstl= ..111:d!ra •l\lfltrrttones • S.X1h Rtqlldl th< 1n«m.ttl<>noll Communuy and 'i<alid.lnt)' Group; "' dtrt"""' tlut Fin.ut(ing J\g,·ndC' .uki 1h.: t\U\ilm.ll\tln :and Colomb1.m C'fO\·tmmtuh ~Lw te-al panklp.liiPII U1 tho lndlg>:IMOlS r<;,UIOI\S r~LnR pL\n, 1M th< rc~tWn Cactqut l<MI<k• V~ldc: Kuo.a Grn<r•l Cong""" Caciqut lcojloldu 1\'lpotu<> t m~ra-Wounaan ('o(lltrnl Congrt>& CaCl(Ju•• llrn)lnun C..lrct.:t Modus.>nd• G<:ntnll Congtt"!o Cactqut C•tlllft111 Ay•l.t Cacoqu< ol l'a)'a. For more inlmn•t ion <O<ILI<I a..tnm Cupi<•IPAIIC Co>onllNI«. HcrurHu.na<. ~ad,,..,. <ftmdon ~C"Mr<Ut:a ~Cmm>cl< \s:srftxil L<pll'opulu(O'AU') ''"""tado~c.-,_~ Elo-do hnam1.Tel:l50n 23~lSI h" U On MM29 or, .\hcu Konm. Aclrii<X 1PAHC/Ed lith 5L, .-\pi •), :-.;..,. \;,rir, 1\)' IO(l()llfcll f"" (212) 24l 1901 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Closing the Darien Gap? The Pan-American Highway's last Link Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alicia Korten Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Closing the Darien Gap? The Pan-American Highway's last Link Item Type Journal Article Author Alicia Korten Volume 8 Issue 1,2 Pages 29-30 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer1994 Language English Abstract Note A proposed Pan-American Highway from Colombia to Panama would destroy important ecosystems and cut through lands of up to five indigenous communities as well as non-native communities. The Indigenous Pan-American Commission speaks up against the highway stating the irreparable impacts of other sections of the highway that have destroyed the livelihood of nearby indigenous groups. Attachment Title abya yala p29-30.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Darien Panama Embera-Wounaan Indigenous Pan-American Highway Commission Pan-American Highway http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/6ec7078f0a7f6042560a3b1a0cf70766.pdf 028dfe910086cc75cf4041fb4490c6eb PDF Text Text CHILE URGENT ACTION: CHILEAN GOVERNMENT MUST OVERTURN THE CONVICTIONS We at SAIIC are organizing a campaign to put pressure on the Chilean government. Please write letters to the offldals listed below demanding and end to the persecution of the Mapuche people. Patricio Aylwin Axocar Presidente de Ia Republica de Chile Palacio de La Moneda Santiago, Chile Fax: (56) (2} 697 3262 Fernando Chuecas lntendente de Temuco Manuel Bulnes 590 p. 2 Temuco, Chile Fax: (56} (45} 21 30 64 Please oend copies of your letter• to SAIIC and: Aukin Wallmopu Ngulom Caoilla 448 Temuco, Chile Fax : (56) (45} 21 30 64 Enrique Krauss Miniotra de Interior Caoo de Ia Moneclo Santiago, Chile Fax: (56) (2} 696 87 40 Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation Aukln Wallmapu Ngulam CThe Council of All Land) has announced that the Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation will b e held from March 29 to APrtl 1. 1993 In Temuco. Mapuch eTerrltory. "In the context of Ideological decolonJzation, we call for th.IS Second Tribunal In order to ldenUfyv!olations againSt our hiStorical rights to land and human dignity." The tribunal will analy'.te dlfl'erent cases of violations committed agatnst the Mapuche nation such as the Invasion of territories, ecological destruction and denial of Mapuche religion, and will end wtth a traditional NguUlatum ceremony. Vol 7 Num 1 & 2 The Mapuches are demall(}jng tluu their culture be recognized and respected. . 'We lnvltetradlttonallcadersandcommunJtles of the Mapuch e Nation. Indigenous peoples of the Americas and those Involved In national and International political m ovements to join us." For m ore Information contact Au kin Wallmapu Ngulam. ' 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Urgent Action: Chilean Government Must Overturn The Conviction Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Urgent Action: Chilean Government Must Overturn The Conviction Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 23 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note SAIIC organizes a campiagn to demand the Chilean government to end its persecution of the Mapuche people. Attachment Title Urgent Action-Chilean Government Must Overturn The Convictions.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chile Mapuche saiic http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/c29a04ddfd46e15ee94760a72b95258f.pdf 792ef84680435cfd9ee6d5964f9e0440 PDF Text Text Suicide Before Eviction Guarani·Kaiowa family in Mato Grosso do Sut wait along a road crossing the land rhat was theirs An entire communityofGuoroni-Koiowo people in Moto Grosso do Sui, Brazil, threoten co commit collective suicide if o Federal courc's order to expel them from their oncestrol fonds is corried out. This May, Marta Vitor Guarani, president of the Koguoteco Association for Displaced Indians travelled to che US to make the situation ofher people known co the international community. tt H owlongwillwehavetowaitfor the 'Brazilian justice system to give us rights to our land>' questioned Mana Vitor Guarani at a press conference in San Francisco. Over 11,000 lndigcnou,;; people including Guamni-Kaiowa. Nandeva and M'bya have lost their lands in the state to invasions by ranchers supported by S)'ffij)athetic courts and police forces. Indigenous lands in the state have halved over the last decade, now total- 26 ling less than 25,000 hectares. ' It is always the ranchers who win in the courts, while Indians end up without any respect for our land rights. But Indians are like plants, how can we live without our soil. without our land.' asked Yitor Guarani. She notes that landless Indians are left nothing but misery. "Ovcrseven thousand Indians arc working in the charcoal factories and inthesugarcaneproccssingplams. They live in a state of slavery. This is the integration that white society offers us. But we Indians, the first owners of this land. cannot accept this humiliating and inhuman integration." Land Expulsions and Mass Suicide The Guarani, Vitor says. "are the poorest people, the most. abandoned people in 'Brazil." In their desperation, many. especially youths, have turned to suicide. Indian organizations claim Abya Yala News �SELF DETERMINATION A N D TERRITORY that approximately 300 people have committed suicide over the last ten years. The Brazilian government's own estimate pms the number at Ill between the years of 1986-1993. Mana's community, Poste lndigena Dorados. has seen the greatest concentration of lndigeno\tS suicides in the country. One-hundred and six GuaraniKaiowa families from the community of jaguapire in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sui are threatening collective suicide if a Federal court's order to expel them from their lands is carried out. Marta states, ' The area has already been demarcated and legalized. but with no guarantees, and this could be the fourth time, that the Indigenous people of jaguapire are expelled, which would be very serious. because the mothers have decided that they will give poison to the children and later kill themselves !rather than be moved I." At the end of last year the community ofjaguapire sent a lener to FUNAI (the Brazilian agency [or Indian affairs) affinning that they had chosen to die rather than be evicted. A federal court postponed the community's eviction out of consideration for these circumstances, but the court's final decision is Still pending. In 1992, the community's 2,089 hectare area was declared a permanent Guarani-\(aiowa possession by the Brazilian minister of justice. It's demarcation was confirmed by the 'President of the Republic. Nonetheless, under Brazil's peculiar system for titling land to Indian communities, anyone else \vishing to present counter claims is given a lengthy period and multiple opportunities to do so. Legal challenges filed at any time in the process can be pursued for many years, even after lands are demarcated and ratified as Indigenous possessions. lnjaguapireand elsewhere, this has meant Indian loss ofpre,iouslydemarcated lands. Indigenous communities must prove \vith physical evidence that the)' have the longest record of inhabitation for contested lands. In the case of Jaguapire, evidence shows that the Guarani-Kaiowa have been burying Vol.SNo. l &2 their dead on these lands for at least 90 years, while the rancher claiming the lands arrived only ten years ago. In many cases however~ evidence is more difficuluo find. journalist Rippernotes. ' ranchers are accustomed tO run their tractors over the cemeteries to obliterate any sign that there were Indian people there. • Despite being the most populous Indigenous people in Brazil. the Guarani now subsist on the smallest pieces of Indian land in the country, and are submitted to the most brutal social and economic conditions. Thegiam region of forest and savannah once used by the Guarani for hunting. fishing and agriculture has been subdivided and reduced tO degraded pasmre by wealthy landowners. often with the help of State subsidies. land ownership in Mato Grosso do Sui is arguably the most concentrated on earth, with 1% of the population owning 70% of all lands. The Guarani are divided into three groups: the Nandeva, Kaiow~ and M'bya. and live throughout Southern Brazil from the state of Espirito ~anto to Rio Grande do Sui. HG wever. the vast majority live in MalO Grosso do Sul. Pressures on the Guarani lands have imensified as their territories lie within the area of the government's Parana-Paraguay project which has caused real estate speculation in the region. Although the case of jaguapire is one of the most serious, eleven other Guarani communities have also been evicted or are threatened with eviction, and await court decisions as to their fate. lnthecommunityofUmonYerde, Marta points out, 'people are living under tenLS wit hom the conditions necessary to live while they await the judge's decision. More than 200 families are there, and the)• are going through a lot of misery. We can see in their faces since we are Guarani people that they are very sad, extremely sad.' Accordjng to the Brazilian lndianist Misslonary Council (CI MI) another Guarani·Kaiowa community living in Marta Vitor Guarani and a companion mourn at her community's cemetery for youths who have killed themselves photo: J.R. Rlptl(t/ tmagens da tc.~rra 27 �SELF D ETERMINAT ION AND TERR ITO·~ Y--------------R~ antral "r'>lem M~lll (,ro.;o do Sui ruas ttO«UptCd thctr l:tncls tn the pre· nousl)· dcmar<atcd 2.7<15 :acre Takual)t)'ll') kuuuiu lnd••n Atn The)· h.n~ b«n e>1<tcd "~tum> from ~ temtOI)· .\bow 300 GuaDtll· Kala... a burned a bncl1~( P"" ;dang raMI actt» to tM tonacsted area lbncMB accu.c: them of bumm11 a hoU>c one! school as "cII. ha...cwr OMI note. ~ "''' burned b) a non·lndl.ln sutkr an an attempc to prl>\ol.to mtb t:ll) acuon :ayaMI tM lndtans \hh· tary polK'< N\~ occupied tM :ttc,;, although c.Latmtnll ncutrahty an 1M conlbct,IM)· N\C n(2tl) ah'a)"> acted ag;unst lndag<'nou~ pc.oplt Resistance and Repression TM Kaguatcca Asoolmton for 1>1>placccl lndtan\ umtc• :all lndtgcnoos groups In tM St>lr to m:bun bnd> of the diSpossa;ed and prcwnt funhcr C\1Cllon~ Elc\'tn tho11s.111d lndagtnom people nrr dlsplatcd an Mnto Gro>SO do Sui, 9,000 of thr'lt nrc Gunr.~nl, while the reM belong to other ~mallet· )>COtllcs. 1 grcnt prublcm fncing those \ who would rentrnto their lnnds,ls the gap between pl.tntlngnnd harvest time$, since they arc stnrtlng with no rc:~~:rw•. Kaguatccatssohthlng food ~uppon for these coanmunllie:> to> help them hvc unulthc fti"SS 11;11'\cst Currently three dtffcrcnt communttto W1th :1 tt>tal of 220 pc.opk arc prcp.~nng to mxcup) bn<b tht) "'""' ~1ou.ty !<>reed to 2bandon \Luu founded tM ~ca.­ c.auon for d~<pla.~.llndlilru follOW>ng 1M ~al\oJtton of 1\c,r uncle \!;areal Tupa )' ck 5ouu an IQ83, a htgltl) respcc1cd lndi&<nous leader""""'-, J.> 1M •poet ""h """ or hooey' for hb P""~r "uh l:tnguagc • Th1< "'"one of the many hundrcdiof lnda~I'IO\a lc:td crs,._auted for rno<t1ngbnd 1n,-a· soons A«otdtns, to \nor. 'In Br.a:tl. tM murdu of lndwt~ donn\ mock ait)'lnort. n.>t tM pohucbn. nor the gO\-.:mment, 001 the CI\1IW\ popub· uon ' Althoulth IC\ cr.ai•S+~'PNIIOJU ha'~ b«n ln\nllj;itrd, not one rc· suited 1n tM ktlkr'< ctm,1CI>on unttl 1a>t >~r whm tM u.a....m of \tarcal 28 contender At tM end of l,hl \pnl. t.ula met \\1th lndtgtnou' k~.kB rep· r=nung 24 or&~m:otuoo• and '16 In· di:an pcopks from all 0\cr 8=•1 At this mtttang. 1\c, co>nfumc.l hiS oppt"" • tioo to anu-lnd.an co>~llutoonal 'rc• forms• • a:ld proml~ dw cbtm.s or t Ill') :"a.... nc.. ~res m2ke lance ~m more dtfftrult 'for the lndagcnous cng.mt%21><'<\0 "'ltlld b.: Guaram. tM core of rcs&<Untt is reb· mtl. t,~<~n !luttoda) ,tM<c arc m2ny prot· eo~~nt <hurchn "hteh come to our International Support NHded Now co>mmunliiC$ ,..,.h tM same diSCOUrse \'itor Guaram ~~~sthat tnt<ma A> th.- Je>u•t> "ho amc dunng thi: uonal suppon for J;tpupta< b needed 'dde:O\ <I") • of Brutl They arc lalling ....,..._ 'lamM<ctomakt'lhosdmuncu· ourrclt~.lollm~ourculture. \\rllh- tion 10 1M namt of our P<<'l'k I OUI Hultur.al idmlll), our pc.oplcwan· ~y mack W. d.'nunciauoo tn tM ckr tM I"R)I"a>~ and the strtttSoC!M t.:S ~-. tn IM u~' and tn IM CillO, dnnklng. ~n~ :and bring Otbers~tlw:~rcopmto>u• lhopcn.l1<ukd b) the "h•t< ~>··· stated tlw all or Amtnatt JI<X>Ct) gl\C' I» \ ator l"cnt) -one Guar.am-Kaiowa suppon m th" b) Kn.ltng lcucn to communnar> ha'c formed the assem- Jud&<' Pedro Rona an ~n Paok>. "h<> t> bly ulltd A~TI(.UASU todtSCUSS!Msc the Judge "ho "til dwdc, :and b) prolllcnu, rspccaally th3t ofland. \"nor pressunng tM Btalthan 1:0\'Cmtnent <•plains, •tf onet-ommunuy.saltead)• so that they don't vlol~tr our con•utu· lcjtlllilcd, the)' help the other who are tiona! nghts.lktwccn the 5of0ctober >till in lond conOicts.• Thts organiza· and last month they were 10 h~''c de· tlon will p~rtlclpnte later this month in marcatcd nlllndlnnlnnd5. but thiS hns fonnathm of a Statewide asscmbl)' to not happened. 11 f< "J)I'CSCIIl ~~~ lttdtl\CrtCtU peoples of $ M:uo {;t'O$SO do Sui. whh 1he hope that In aclclftlort to Marta Viwr Gtwrcml wtd the l.ttg« "xtlltlon will be able to more joao RapfNr, lrtfu"'t<tllon we~< flltl\'ldrcl l.ty cffcctlwly ptC>$Urc for land rtghts. the Nucleus for lndtg~niiUI RIKhl>. CIMI, and Ratnforot il<tacm Nclkclth Positive Signs In a l.lndm.Jrk clca>100, the Su· Y<lUr kilt" ore ntroncl) tlllf'<"· prcmc Federal Coun tn San P.tukl tc· UUil/<>riMGuJr<Utl·KilW..a PI<"'~ ccntl) dtsmlSO((( •local coun dCCISIOO »ntc JUdge Pcdr<> IWII<J o-klng that tn !J,oro>fthe ran.;htngcompan) S..ttin GUMaru 1.1r.d ,~g~u, ~ >f<IV'IcJ SIA to> rclo.:att tho: Guar.tna community of""'tcCcrros Add•tl0n31ly. the Conn Exmo. Sr DR PEDRO ROnA gramrd 1 pcuuon b)· the 1\ucleus £or TnbunaiRcp!NIFcdmlda l~ lndl#noi.IS lbghtJIO prolubltoncjudg<' Ru:> IJbcro Btadan>. n )(). Cmtm m \bto G,._, do <.ul from hearing 01009-000 ~ P.Nkl.'-1' ~~~a.-.1 co;&.>cJ tn,·t>h1ns, the Guar.tna.liin« C\'· &x: (5511) 35-'WQol or04'l0 Cl) one of htS <kcto;oonS 11;1-e fa,-ored ran.: hang mterc>tsand malted ma'ic· I'll= scnl CAlpc'\ ld tiOJU of thou..ind• of lnda:ltiS \'uoc Guaram "1,., nO«S 'It Sttms Exmo. 5r tlut tooc "'111 1\c, lk>pc for tM GU:II3ni OR .Jean \!.uros Ftrrdro tf "lub· ti cl«ted to tM prcsKimcy. J=l'edc.:alda I \'araoo\IJioQu;<.o tNt tMre '"II ~ JUstl« and rccognido Sui lk>n of lndliln LAnd> • Current opanio.., Ru:> Qu.lor.x ck julho. n 3~ poll' """' \\ orkcr)' candadat~ -:"9004-392 Campo> Grande, M'> luts IJ:Ila<>O •t.uta• dl S.h'a ";th a &=I <trong n.111oaul lc)(j 0\'Cr htS nearest ".., f1aull)· scntcn,cd Shonlythereaf· tcr, ltxal authonttcs allo"ed htm to flee the r~ TM Guarani ftm:cly rcstStcd :~>aon of thc!r land> unnl ~tng 0\"tt· "hclnwd 1n tM carl) pan of thJS cen- in,.,. =· "'"> � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Suicide Before Eviction Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marta Vitor Guarani Joao Ripper Nucleus for Indigenous Rights CIMI Rainforest Action Network Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Suicide Before Eviction Item Type Journal Article Author Marta Vitor Guarani Joao Ripper Nucleus for Indigenous Rights CIMI Rainforest Action Network Volume 8 Issue 1,2 Pages 26-28 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Language English Abstract Note Indigenous people of Mato Grosso do Sul face expulsion from their lands as ranchers supported by the government claim the land. Though the territories have been demarcated for the indigenous groups, they are still at risk of being taken away due to the complicated legal processes related to land rights. Many in the communities have resorted to killing themselves and more threaten to do so if orders for expulsion are carried out. Attachment Title abya yala p26-28.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Guarani Kaguateca Association for Displaced Indians Mass Suicide Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/a07b29d857f2b67803c32cdeccc7e8e7.pdf 46636b8b2193ebe4d4d5db3f1918b94a PDF Text Text CHILE Hoisting the Mapuche Flag TheMapuche Coordinating Body of Argentina Tom Kine Nguetuam (£o Be One Again) rasing the Mapuche National Flag in the cityofNuequin. 1'/oeflag was created last year during the historical reunion of the Mapuche Nation from the Argentine and Chilean sides ofthe lxmkr. Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land "Their efforts to establish a separate Mapuche nation, including their own flag, is an act that is in direct contradiction to Chilean national unity." -Enrique Krauss, Chilean Minister of the Interior 22 TheChlleangovemment has convicted one hundred and forty-four Mapuche people for the "illegal usurpation of land" and sentenced them to pay a fine equal to about one year's wages. The alleged ursurpation ofland took place In June 1991 when the Mapuche organiZation Aukln Wallmapu Ngullam (Councll of All Land) began to occupy landS In an attempt to "exerciSe our nghts as Mapuches to thJs land which ts In the hands of private companies and the State of Chlle." As a result of these actions the Intertor MinlsterEnrtqueKraussandthereglonal Governor Fernando Chuecas detained hundreds of Mapuche people and filed charges against them. ThegovemmentofficlalsclaJmed that the "Association was Involved tn the illegal take-over of the land." Krauss InSisted that "the Counsel of All Land's actions do not Ot tnto the legal framework ofChllean society. Moreover. their efforts to establish a separate Mapuche nation. Including their own Oag.ts an act that Is In direct contradiction to Chllean national unl(y." The Counsel of All Land responded to the accusations on January 25, 1993 and made the following statement through their lawyer: 'The Mapuche people have a distinCt hJstortcal background tn terms of social, political, and religious structure that dJII'ers from the rest of Chllean soc.le(y. Not only has Chlle refused to recogn17,.e these unique attributes of our culture but has systematically tried to destroy us." On March 10. 1993. the Attorney General Informed the one hundred and forty four accused Mapuches that they are each required to pay 11 months ofthetrwages. the equivalent of $60 a month , for their illegal occupation of the land. The other detainees were convicted of "illegal activities and alllances" and condemned to eighteen months of pollee surveillance and are not allowed to organJ7,.e politically. Those accused of illegal land acquisition are appealing their sentences clatmlng that they have not committed any crtme. They are currently trytng to educate the publtc about the Injustices Imposed upon them by thegovemment.lnMaytheAppellate Court of Temuco will decide whether uphold or overtum the convictions. Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chile: Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 22 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Chilean government has convicted Mapuche people for the "illegal usurpation of land." The Chilean government have imposed harsh fines, which the Mapuche are attempting to appeal. Attachment Title Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Autonomy Chile Mapuche http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/e6ebd6d0938dbd8d243e5e9a36483860.pdf c40d70cec870c586538e563cd8419353 PDF Text Text SELF DETERMINATION AND T ERRITORY Interview with Teofilo Lacayo Garifuna leader of the Honduran Northcoast organization lseri Lidawamari (New Dawn). Garifuna in the North coast region have carried out a cons1ant struggle to recover confisc.a ted lands T he Garifuna live in 46 coastal communities in Northern Hon duras, an area shared b)• Pech and Misquito peoples as well as ladino colonists. They draw their history back to a mixing of Caribbean islanders and escaped West African slaves, both of whom were displaced through British colonization efforts. lseri Udawamari is afftliated with CAH DEA (the NGO working wilh all the different lndig· enous groups in Honduras). The Ga1i funa traditional!)' lived from fishing and ctiltivatingyucca from Sarah England conducted this interview in April, 1994 as part of graduate research in <lllthropology at the University of C<llifomia, Davis. 24 which they makee.reba (cassava bread). Many Garifuna communities lost the majorit)' of their productive lands after the construction of roads through their regions--most households in lhesecommunities depend on reminances from relatives in the US for survival. Communities near the Mosquito coast are now also facing the loss of their lands. The Honduran government is currently pushing for massive tourist development on the entire Nonh Coast which would displace Garifuna cultivators and force them 10 take jobs as low-paid workers in the tourist industry. lse.ri Udawamari was founded in the community of limon both to recover communal land claimed by ladino landlordsand to increase Garifuna agricul- tural production and encourage economic autonomy. They are also struggling to prevent the takeover of their beaches b)' a powerful Honduran investor who plans to build a tourist resort there. What problems have the Garifuna experienced following the land invasions? ·Traditionally, theGarifuna lived in the.ir communities and respected the limits of each Others' lands. If a neigh· bor said, • rrom here. to that coconut palm is mine•, then no one else would enter where that man was \vorking. They would say to the neighbor: 'from there to there you can take'. On the other hand, you can observe now that concrete and wire fences are being N>ya Yala News �SELF DETERMINATION AND T ERRITORY 'The mother earth, withinthe philosophy of lseri Lidawamari. should not be sold. it should remain so that the generations that follow us have the space to be ableto develop themselves." raised in this community. Those did not exist here before. Those belong to cultures copied from the city, copied from idiOS)mCrasies external to the G<lrifuna. Of course, now we are also affected b)' this problem because ev· erybody is puuing up concrete or wire fences. The same is happening in the countryside. Before, we didn't put up even one thread ofwire. Now everyone has to put up wire because otherwise they will be encroached on. We were confident in those years in de -facto land ownership, and not in legal rights, so we never demanded titles. Now it is the same situation. Noweveryonewhogoesacquiringtheir piece of land also has the idea of putting up fencing because the)•know that without fencing it will be encroached on. Now also the people are procuring titles in ordeno prevent problems with the ladinos who are invading our communily. This invasion began in the 1970s. It was gradual. nevertheless, it has imensified because those who were already here announced in other regions that there were great expanses of land, and that they were empty. People have come exclusively to make ntoney off the land. I know families who have come, marked great extensions of land and are now enriching themselves selling it. The Gari fun a today, seeing this situation are also concerned with acquiring large areas of land to keep for their children. In general we don't have the inclination to sell land. What one has, Voi.8No. t &2 munityoflriona, in which the congress asked that the region's mayors not sell the ethnic groups lands, and in the cases where there were alread)• colonists in these areas, that the state itself ought to dean up the situation--that is recover the lands for the ethnic groups. Bmthey have not done this yet. Possibly there has been a lack of pressure on What is the major land problem that them from the communities. Limon is confronting? -The problem that the community What is l.seri Lidawamari's philosophy of Limon is confronting right now is is relation to the land? -I don't doubt that there are people that the former mayor shortsightedly sold 100 hectares of land , only a few who have taken up this idea of marketkilometers from here in Farallones , ing the earth. But in the case of lseri for 4,000 lempiras to the largest capi- Lidawamari it would be out of the talist in Honduras. This man (Miguel quest ion for our members to sell the Facussi) is now building a tourist re- lands. The mother earth, within the sort in Farallones. Not only is he philosophyoflseri Lidawamari ,should building there, he's also enclosing the not be sold, it should remain so that the beach which has been free for passage. generations that follow us' have the Near there we have the lagoon ofSalado. space to be able to develop themselves. and Farallones serves as an area of The cooperative "~II be marketing absorption for Salado. Once the forest products, but at the communal level. For of Farallones has been cut down, we us, the land's products should be marrun the risk that Salado will dry up, keted. not the land itself. These ideas that and this would be a serious proble-m I'm telling you are the orientation of lseri because Salado gives us food: in the Lidawamari because while I live, there will sense that we fish there, we get sea never be one inch ofland sold "~thin this food, we trap some animals, and we tenitO!)'that weare recovering.I would be the first to condemn such an action bealso farm at Salado. cause I am convinced that it would not Are there laws in Honduras that pro· benefit the people who are worki.ng for teet the lands of ethnic groups' development. How 'viii people live from -The past administration emiued the air? We know well that in any pan of an order in the national congress. This the world, if there is no land, there is no document covered the situation that life. We need theeanh for its ecology ,for was occurring in the municipalities of the 'vild animals, for everything. So, we Limon , Tela, Tn~illo, and in the com- should not sell the land.-,. one thinks of for one'schildren. Which is very different from the people who come from far way to take great extensions of land, and then at some time return to live in the cities. We don't think like that. und is owned so that it can be worked and so that your children can work. 25 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource No, Life without Land Interview with Teofilo Lacayo Garifuna leader of the Honduran Northcoast organization Iseri Lidawamari (New Dawn). Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Teofilo Lacayo Sarah England Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title No, Life without Land Interview with Teofilo Lacayo Garifuna leader of the Honduran Northcoast organization Iseri Lidawamari (New Dawn). Item Type Journal Article Author Teofilo Lacayo Sarah England Volume 8 Issue 1,2 Pages 24-25 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Language English Abstract Note Western influences and pushes for tourist development have pushed many Garifuna people off their lands and changed the relationship people have to each other and the land. The government has favored capitalist interests leading to hardships for many subsistence farmers in the area of Limon. The leader of Iseri Lidawamari denounces the commercialization of land and insists it is not in the best interest for his people to sell land and it will not be sold in their territory. Attachment Title abya yala p24-25.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Garifuna Honduras Iseri Lidawamari land rights Tourist development http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/c1f4c5f3eb96101f24c4589b0af4b4a9.pdf 81b390f867284e7e44a3e4e903f00747 PDF Text Text ARGENTINA International Congress on Indigenous Languages The Instituto Qheshwa •Jujuymanta• !AigenUna) IS organiZing the V International AcademlcCongressonlndlgenousLanguages to take place tnJujuy·Argent!na tn Septemberofl993. The Institute works to make lndlg· enous people aware of the value of their languages. During the last years the Insti· tute has devoted Itself to promoting Indigenous languages such as Qhtshwa (or Quechua) and Aymara, which are widely used tn the Andean region ofSouth America, and Guarani of the Gran Chaco of South America. The puiJ)ose of thiS effort IS to organiZe native peoples and make them aware of their cultural roots and of how Important It ts that their languages survtve. So far there have been four congresses organiZed by In· dlgenous groups which have documented the wide use of Indigenous languages. Pachamama Day conlinued sent recovery or creations within the framework of Indian American Identity. The Center gtves presentations to schools at dl.fferent levels tn order to provide traditional role-models, and expose the students to diverse experiences. They produce educatiOnal radio programs and also participate tnprograms to Improve methods ofsheep farming tn order to Improve the economic situation for Puna famtlles. Vol 7 Num 1 & 2 The last congress took place In Cochabamba (BoIMa). with the assistance of the Un!versldad Mayor de San Slm6n. and locallndlg· enous organiZations. Rene Satnz vega, the President of the N Congress (October 1992), reportedthefo1lowtng concluSions. The congress requested: 1. That the governments of Colombia. Ecuador. Peru. BoiMa. Argentina and Chile work on In· forming about and teaching Indigenous languages In their countries: 2. That educational agencies and mtn· lstrlessupportlndlgenousorganJzationsworklng on revaloriZation of their own Indigenous languages: 3. That Latin American governments formally teach Indigenous languages at schools and universities. 4. That Latin American governments recogniZe demands and territorial rights of Indigenous peoples. The N Congress worked under SIX commiSSions: Writing. Grammar and Struc· ture, Culture, HIStory. Education and Law. Instltuo Qheshwa ·Jujuymanta• IS open to your Input. contributions, and assiStance. If you ore inter· ested in attending the V Congress in O<tober please contact: lnstituto Qheshwo • Jujuymonto• Alvear 966, Local 6 C6digo Postal 4600 Son Salvador de J~tjuy, Argentino 21 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Argentina: International Congress on Indigenous Languages Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Argentina: International Congress on Indigenous Languages Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 21 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note This article announces the V International Academic Congress on Indigenous Languages to take place September 1993 in Jujuy-Argentina. The Institute's purpose is to make indigenous peoples aware of their cultural roots and take pride in their languages. Attachment Title International Congress on Indigenous Languages.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Argentina Aymara Indigenous languages Quechua http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/b7c10c6648bcd70c6dc36c93109fb89b.pdf ed2c4baa2435a4b6b98efd097b3fd92a PDF Text Text SELF DETERMI N ATION AND TERRITORY After the Constitution: Indigenous Proposals for Territorial Demarcation in Colombia The Colombian constitution granted all indigenous territories /ego/ status os "Territorial Entities" within the republic. The Indigenous movement's triumph during the constitutional convention is porticulorly important since it makes Colombia the first country to hove recognized all Indigenous communities territorial rights, rather than selectively granting rights to certain peoples. by Ana Cecma Betancourt and Heman Rodriguez .th82differentethnicgroups W: iving within its national boundaries. Colombia is second only to Brazil in terms of ethnic diversity in South America. As a result. we in Colombia have learned to respect differences. while working together to defend our ancient cultures. ancestral tenitories. and autonomy. This history explains. to a certain extent, why the Organization ofColombian Indigenous Nations (ON IC>. and the Colombian Indigenous Authorities (AICO), representing 40 different local and regional organizations. were the only nonpartisan groups represented in the Constitutional Assen1bly of 199 I. Acting as spokespeople, Lorenzo Muclasof AICO. Francisco Rojas Biny of ON IC. and Alfonso Pena Chepe of the now demobilized anned indigenous rnovement, Manuel Quimfn Lame, ensured that the Magna Carta protect the rights and aspirations of the various ethnic groups in Columbia, including the natives of San Andr~s Archipelago. and African-American communities. Ana Cecilia Betancoun <md Heman Rodriguez ate members of ONIC's press de(Jattment. 22 Although the Constitution has established legal norms for establishing territories, pressure to speed up the secondary legislative procedures has led to continued exclusion of indigenous communities from the political process. Agreements reached at the Constitutional Assembly are thus being disregarded. Constitutional History The political constitution of 1991 defines Indigenous Lands under Art ide 286 as Territorial Entities with the s.1me political and administrative jurisdiction as depanments and municipalities. This pem1its indigenous communities autonomy to define their own development strategies and be governed by their own authorities who will have authority to administer public resources including local and national taxes. The Constitution left the actual distribution ofterritorial entities as well as definition of their responsibilities to a piece of follow-up legislation called the Organic Law for Territorial Demarcation. This law would also regulate the settlement of disputes between the National Government and the Territorial Entities. lnd igenousorganizations published their proposals for the Organic Law two years after the Constitution was ratified. This proposal was developed through consensus and focused on three general considerations: a) As products of the·nationa.l constillltion the i_ digc,nous territories n shall not be subject to decisions made at the congressional level. b) Indigenous Territories will be those areas currently held by indigenous communities with boundaries defined by traditionalsocial. economic, and cultural activities, regardless of whelher lhe communities have re· ceived prior legal title. c) The Organic Law should be designed with a certain margin for change as the territories' actual boundariesaredra,,, by future legislation. Delimiting Territories As a result of 500 years of colonial domination and genocide, many communities have been fragmented. or severely reduced in size. To allow for the variation among communities. there should be no minimum size limitations either for populations or areas in establishing territories. Problems ma)'• however, arise if many smaHterritories Abya Yala News �SELF D E TERMI NATION AN D T ERRITORY wh1chdo n()l unlfycommuniueswithin brood adrmmstrauvc reg•ons arc ere· ated. In part1culnr. divisions between communlt.es could Increase. lnd•gcnousorgt~nl:!:\tionshavemade a series of proposnls addressing these issues. First, the cs1 ablishment of terriwries should be bnstd on n1leastoncof two cri1 enon: a) a geogmphic unit consis1ing of a cominuous region in which com· munilics conduct their social, eco· nomic, and cultuml activi1ics; b)nrl ethnic unh belong•ng to a cuitum! complex In which the majority oftht population is indigenous, in a region that Is no1 geographically conunuous. &-condl)•.the lndigcnousorgt~nizations suggest thnt ICrntorics link then ad· minlstr:ui\·e structures to those of the departments. Admintstmtive decentmhzm•on should be enhanced when combined whh links 10 governmental bodies. such as departments, capable of pro,oidinginstitutionalsuppon. with· out threatening their amonom)'· We propose the following steps when establishing n territory: a) lntcrdcp:mmemal Territorial Enti· ties should be formed; b) Negouations to establish a direct relanonshtp \vith one ofthc depanmems or the centro! go,·cmment should begm after n period, not to exceed rtve )'Cal'S. '" which new administmtive structures are con· solidated. c) Indigenous communi! ics should begin the pr<X'Css of establishing terri tomI bounclanes and adminis· trm i\·e functions by submuting an application nnd a preliminary proposal. d)The propos~! should he evaluated through an in-depth study carried out by an nucrdlsctplinaf)•task force includingindigcnousorganizations. e) Thr infornUIIIon collected will be 11S('d 10 submit n formal proposal to the Territort:ll Regubtory Agency. ac<:ordtng to Arude 329 of the New Constituuon. 0 The rtn31 dooslon ,y;IJ be made by the national government and rcpreVol.BNO. I &2 sentativcs of the mdigenous lndi9fi!OU$ GfOIIIIS of Colombia organtznt1ons, asoutltncd un· denheConstl· tution. Government Response The Colo mbian tulministr:t· tion prese nted congress with a proposal for the new Organic l..:tw for territorial de· marcation In 1992. Thepropo· sition however. ,·iolated guide· lines established under the New Consmmion by failing to consider Ind ige nou s - organization's proposals. Addi· tionally, it neglected many ter· ritorial entitles. Asaresult.thead· n1i.mst ration ''''lS forced to retract itS propos:ll. ' In September .:>f 199). the administrntion presented congress w11h a nr:w pro· posal. but Lhls one also failed to address the lndigenoU$ proposal. .---·-- · .-.. --J--- The Future of the Territories In addition to the difficulties of reaching an agrcemcm \vith the gov· emmcnt on the proposed Organic Law. this law which should be organic (pro· viding original and basic structure to legislation), Is not. Instead. the government proposed Instead a step by step process. i\ series of legislation which would sh:1pe the territories func· tions has already been approved or is being considered. A law defining distribution of rcsponslbihties and re· sources in rclauon to the mumctpali· tiesw:JSapproved tn 1993. At the same time, the Nauonal Fc:es Fund, National EnvuonmtnUt1 System nnd projects regulanng tht national planmng sys· tern and Departmental regulation are all aw:~iting appro,-al. All of these will define the role of theS!nlt's:Kiministm· th·estructurcsdifferently. In thls"-ay, the government t>roposes that the territories Organic Law should conform to prce..xisling laws, when the opposite should occur. We hope that the proposals made by the indigenous people will stimulate a more open dcbot e and promote more democratic {lnd rcprescntntivc forms of governmcm. This new government should rcfttct the InterestS of its diverse poplllauon nnd pcm1it the introduction of alternative models of de,•elopment. Nonetheless, we have a long way to go before this becomes a reality. Indigenous orgt~niz.•uons effons to construct sohd poliucnl struc· tures will determine the future of our earlier achl(~vemcms. '9 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource After the Constitution: Indigenous Proposals for Territorial Demarcation in Colombia Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ana Cecilia Betancourt Hernán Rodríguez Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title After the Constitution: Indigenous Proposals for Territorial Demarcation in Colombia Item Type Journal Article Author Ana Cecilia Betancourt Hernán Rodríguez Volume 8 Issue 1,2 Pages 22-23 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Language English Abstract Note The Colombian constitution granted all indigenous territories legal status as “Territorial Entities" within the republic. The Indigenous movement's triumph during the constitutional convention is particularly important since it makes Colombia the first country to have recognized all indigenous communities territorial rights, rather than selectively granting rights to certain peoples. Attachment Title abya yala p22-23.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Autonomy Ethnic diversity Indigenous Territories Organic Law for Territorial Demarcation http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/ec50e7491f98a0a49ab1eedb0a4aef64.pdf e0a87c567bb970c480e8b6797eb24593 PDF Text Text ARGENTINA Pachamama Day and the Kolla People of Argentina Cultural Center •1st of August'' In 1991 the Catholic Church Invaded this cosmic spiritual center by pladng a Christian cross next to the apacheta 20 The Cultural Center"1stofAugust"wasbom on August 1. 1988 tn the city ofLa Qutaca. provtnceofJujuy. Argentina to honor the Pachamama (Mother Earth), who IS celebrated every year tn August. The Pachamama constitutes the back bone of the spiritual and material life of the KoDa people of AigentJna. The group IS made up of people from different branches of life: teachers. housekeepers. students. prtests. athletes and housewives. Most of the members are from rural areas. They share a common and global destiny and VISion: to contribute to the vllallzatlon and fuliUiment of the Kolla people and of Indian people tngeneral and to the humaniZe the hostile and mechaniZing system of life which surrounds us. The germtnatJng and multlply!ng Impulse of the Center IS represented tn one central objective: "Attatn the htstortcal restoration of the Andean people. restructure. revalue. vtta!Jze and project our way of life. which contatns essentlal and sufficlentlyvalld guide-lines to provtde new alternatives for thiS permanently decadent society.· The friends of the Center have commonfearsandconcemsabout problems whiCh not only threaten the Kolla people b ut all the tnhabltants of the earth: pollution. hunger, dtscrtmtnatlon, extinction of Nations. alienation. arms buUd-ups. etc. TheCenter actsasarecuperatlonand transformation agent. It works to permanently rediScover and share essentlal aspects of Identity tn terms of rellglon, social organization. literature. agrtcultural practices, food production and preservation methods, etc. The Center also works to promote enVIronmental attitudes and to offer alternative ways for soclety to solve multiple problems. ThiS commitment ts dlrected toward educating and raiSing consciences about our rlght to Improve our quality of life. To these ends the Cultural Center "1st of August• organizes camping trtps. bicycle races and foot races with the motto "Youth. Let's Know our Land". Young people from both rural and urban areas participate. Theycover200mUesat altitudes of 10,000 to 13,000 feet tn order to get to know the country-side and to give the credit due to the human. cultural and natural landscape. The participants and the communities they VISit learn from each other with the purpose of renewing thetr faJth and hope of revttallztng the KoDa culture. To these same ends. every year tn the month of August the Cultural Center, together with neighbors and friends. celebrate the rellglous homage to the Pachamama at the apacheta (alter to the Pachamama) of the community. The Center supports and promotes cultural actMtles such as music. theater and poetry. g1vtng prtortty to those which repreAbya Yala News �ARGENTINA International Congress on Indigenous Languages The Instituto Qheshwa •Jujuymanta• !AigenUna) IS organiZing the V International AcademlcCongressonlndlgenousLanguages to take place tnJujuy·Argent!na tn Septemberofl993. The Institute works to make lndlg· enous people aware of the value of their languages. During the last years the Insti· tute has devoted Itself to promoting Indigenous languages such as Qhtshwa (or Quechua) and Aymara, which are widely used tn the Andean region ofSouth America, and Guarani of the Gran Chaco of South America. The puiJ)ose of thiS effort IS to organiZe native peoples and make them aware of their cultural roots and of how Important It ts that their languages survtve. So far there have been four congresses organiZed by In· dlgenous groups which have documented the wide use of Indigenous languages. Pachamama Day conlinued sent recovery or creations within the framework of Indian American Identity. The Center gtves presentations to schools at dl.fferent levels tn order to provide traditional role-models, and expose the students to diverse experiences. They produce educatiOnal radio programs and also participate tnprograms to Improve methods ofsheep farming tn order to Improve the economic situation for Puna famtlles. Vol 7 Num 1 & 2 The last congress took place In Cochabamba (BoIMa). with the assistance of the Un!versldad Mayor de San Slm6n. and locallndlg· enous organiZations. Rene Satnz vega, the President of the N Congress (October 1992), reportedthefo1lowtng concluSions. The congress requested: 1. That the governments of Colombia. Ecuador. Peru. BoiMa. Argentina and Chile work on In· forming about and teaching Indigenous languages In their countries: 2. That educational agencies and mtn· lstrlessupportlndlgenousorganJzationsworklng on revaloriZation of their own Indigenous languages: 3. That Latin American governments formally teach Indigenous languages at schools and universities. 4. That Latin American governments recogniZe demands and territorial rights of Indigenous peoples. The N Congress worked under SIX commiSSions: Writing. Grammar and Struc· ture, Culture, HIStory. Education and Law. Instltuo Qheshwa ·Jujuymanta• IS open to your Input. contributions, and assiStance. If you ore inter· ested in attending the V Congress in O<tober please contact: lnstituto Qheshwo • Jujuymonto• Alvear 966, Local 6 C6digo Postal 4600 Son Salvador de J~tjuy, Argentino 21 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pachamama Day and the Kolla People of Argentina: Cultural Center "1st of August" Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Pachamama Day and the Kolla People of Argentina: Cultural Center "1st of August" Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 20-21 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Cultural Center "1st of August" serves as the spiritual and social backbone of the Kolla people of Argentina. The Center was born to honor the Pachamama (Mother Earth). Attachment Title Pachamama Day and the Kolla People of Argentina.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Argentina Kolla Pachamama http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/1bf303d57426738131a4e428baa6a66e.pdf 3cff5f5761d99d7f1586f695c9a11332 PDF Text Text PERSPECT IVES ON (HIAPAS What is the Significance of the Chiapas Uprising · for the Continental Indigenous Movement? AMALIA DIXON, Miskito ,Yapti Tasba, Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua First, to be sincere. on the Atlantic Coast we are very isolated from all international news, and even local news hardly makes it to the interior. In PuertoCabeza we only have one radio station. We have heard very linle information on the situation in Chiapas. Bm as Indigenous people we understand that this situation is pan of the Indigenous reality. The people of Chiapas had been suppressed by the ideas of others. and it was too much. We as a people say enough. We area people with many valuable experiences, and we want to participate in the decisions. It is also time that we make our situations known to the world, and stop living as devalued citizens within the national societies. Chiapas was one of these situations. From this perspective. we are clear in our solidarity with the people's Struggle in Chiapas. ATENCIO LOPEZ, secretary, Kunas Unidos por Napguana The struggle of Indigenous peoples ... has always been obscured by non Indigenous political groups, especially by guerrilla movements that have swept it under their ideological class struggle. No colonizing ideology has served the liberation of Indigenous people. Christianity had to take root in Ab)'ll Yala b)' blood and fire. then the supposed •caudillos' kept Indigenous people as slaves in their haciendas while they proclaimed themsekcs "liberators of America•. Then liberalism. and now neo-liberalism continues by profiting from our misery, selling lands to transnational corporations and landlords. That is why for us the armed uprising of our brothers in Chiapas was not a surprise nor by chance. It was the explosion of repressed feelings, an explosion ofa culture denied for more than five hundred years. Some nation, among the forty million voices, had to shaner the silence and move :~gainst capitali$m and modernization which day by day confronts us with greater indifference. JEANNElTE ARMSTRONG, Okanagan Nation, Director of the En'owkin International School of Writing in British Colombia Canada. In my view the most significant issue arising is that the governments of Canada and the USA which so publicly espouse the principles of democracy worldwide, are in a partnership with a government which has a long history of perpetrating terrorism, armed oppression, and 1!-\l>loitation of peoples and natural resources. It is a government which has used and continues to use political and military violence as weapons of repression to maintain a S)'Stem of elitism. AS)•stem which has and continues today to perpetuate racialgenocidal policies and practices against Indigenous peoples. The North American Free Trade Agreement between the USA, Canada and Mexico can only heighten the necessity for stronger measures of control to protect the vested interest of the elite classes of all three countries. Perhaps most apparent is that . as long as the "conflict" is portrayed as a "domestic" crisis. then those two governments who are complicit in such serious human rights violations, can continue to maintain a pretence of innocence. The responsibility falls then on those who espouse true democratic principles, to expose the blood on the hands ofthese go,•emments and the multinational corporal ions that they play hand maiden to. Voi.8No. l &2 21 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource What is the Significance of the Chiapas Uprising for the Continental Indigenous Movement? Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Amalia Dixon Atencio Lopez Jeannette Armstrong Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title What is the Significance of the Chiapas Uprising for the Continental Indigenous Movement? Item Type Journal Article Author Amalia Dixon Atencio Lopez Jeannette Armstrong Volume 8 Issue 1,2 Pages 21 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Language English Abstract Note Indigenous leaders from Nicaragua, Panama, and Canada give their thoughts on the Zapatista uprising and how it plays into a larger indigenous movement across the continent. Attachment Title abya yala p21.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Continental Indigenous Movement Kunas Unidos por Napguana Okanagan Nation Yapti Tasba