19 12 1190 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/60b9961f033bed8dd275bfbb1c191f90.pdf e932fef58402a2a03a27d26c7a206e8b PDF Text Text 1993 Y EAR OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Pan American Health O rganization Conference on Indigenous Health The fust conference ever sponsored by the Pan American Health Organl7.atlon that focused exclusively on Indigenous peoples health ISSues was held from April 13 - 18 In Villa Marta. Wlnnlpeg Canada. Forty Indigenous delegates from South, Meso and North America as well as Canadian government and non-governmental representatives attended the Indigenous Peoples & Health Workshop '93 "In hopes of launching a dialogue on the health status of Indigenous peoples.· Presentations. seminars and dlseusslons addressed the gravity ofthe health crtsts In Native communities. covertng topiCS rangIng from the dearth of health services and faclllt!esln Native communities. to the slgnlficant role of traditional Indigenous medicine. to the ominous Human Genome Development Project. Poverty, oppression and lack of self-determination were seen to be the prtGenome continued nationally. or In consultation with Indigenous people. Thts type of research wlll have a negative Impact on future health programs and projects In Indigenous communities. by un dermining Indigenous peoples' trust In the medical and health professions. Source: Rural Advancement Founcia· ttcn International For more infonna~on contact SAIIC or: Rural Advancement Founda~on lnterna~onal 71 Bonk Street, Suite 504 Ottawa, Ontario K1 P 5N2 Conado Tel: 613-567-6880 Fax: 613-567-6884 Vol7 Num 1 & 2 mary culprits of the alarming health situation confronting Indigenous peoples. In light of the crtsts. a recommendation to declare a state of emergency In s peclflc communities and populations was p ut forth. Systematic community participation In definIng and Implementing health poUcles was regarded as crucial for achieving positive results. The necessity of pursuing ongotng efforts to defend Indigenous lands. Improve nutrition and housing. prevent environmen tal pollution, and legalize Indigenous m edicine and practices was diScussed at length. As a result of thJs conference. a com mtssJon of Indigenous delegates. working In conjunction with PAHO to promote Indigenous health Issues on local. national and International levels ts being established. In addition. an Int ernational task force dedicated to ensurtng that Indigenous health tssues find a place on the agendas of any meetingS pertaining to Native peoplests planned . as well as an Information network to educate and update Native com- Deleg(JleS to the PAHO confertnce from left to right: Rosa munities on rel- Baldiz6n, Maya (Gu(Jlemola): Rosa .Garcfa. Purepecha evant ISSues and (Mbcico): Carmen Pereira. Mojeiia (Bolivia); Yoltvula n ew developments Nahuelcheo, Mapuche (Chile): and Gilberta 8(Jlz, Maya ' concerning health. (Guatemala) 11 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan American Health Organization Conference on Indigenous Health Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Pan American Health Organization Conference on Indigenous Health Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 11 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note The first Pan American Health Orgnaization Conference was held April 13-18, 1993, focusing on indigenous health issues. The meeting discussed a range of Indigenous health conserns ranging from the gravity of helath crisis in Native communities to the Human Genome Development Project. Attachment Title Pan American Health Organization Conference on Indigenous Health.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Human Genome Development Project Indigenous Health Pan American Health Organization Winnepeg Canada http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/55ff5a6f3c32c8320d4f73e51fbf2d64.pdf 1bc78a5bf256ced16958afd426af32df PDF Text Text 0RGAHIZATIOH AHD COMMUHICATIOH Forging Unity, Zapatistas Call for Indigenous Forum ith more than 300 delegates, 250 guests. and mtemation· al obst"~rs and reponers. the Natoonal Indigenous Forum took place on Janunry 3·9, 1996. In S.1n Cristobal de Ins<"=. in an area called the Valley of Jove! The event WllS called by the EZLN {Zap:uista Army of Nntlon:•l Libenttion). the Commission for Pacification {COCOPA), and the Plural lnd tgenous Assembly for Autonomous RcgtOI\S {ANIPA). 1\venty four Zapatislll commanders, four of them won>en. participated In the Porum by chatting the Working Conunissions. The orgamznuonal fmme of the Forum revolved around th< objecttvcs of the controversial "Peace wllh Dignhy and Ju.suce· ncgouauons between lhe go,·crnmem of Prestdent Ernesto Zed!llo nnd the EZLN oceurring in San Andrt!.< l.1m!inznr. Chiap.1S. '!'here the parttes reached ngreements on the first theme or lnd•g~nous Culture and Rights on January 18. W Pre,;ou< to the Forum. the EZLN consulted ""h its more than OM<! hun· dred adviSers out of whtch '10 are Indigenous people. The Forum was di.;ded into six Working Commi;slons: I. Community and Autonomy. Indigenous Riglu.s 2. indtgcnous Culture 3. Indigenous Educ:nion 4. Condiuon, RighiS, and Culture of Indigenous Women 5. indtgenous Peoples and Mediums of Commumcuion 6. Political Repre.scmation and PaniC!palion lndtgcnous Peoples It was the n.,.t 11me that the Zapatisto> met ";th Indigenous repre· scmativcs from most or t he 57 indigenous notions m Me.<ico. numbcrmg today appro.umatCI)• 14 mtlhon In the Rcsoluuons, most of the delegates expressed strong support for Autonomous Indigenous Regions as w.:ll ~ the need 10 ha'-e • ptrm:~nent forum to discuss lndtgcnous issues. or Another resol ution that came out of the Forum was to demand that the go\'cm· mcnt a.n d congress rctnSiale ~rttcle 27 of the Consmution •n order lO ensure that communal lands won't be sold to out· stdcrs. Al.so, the Forum proposed 10 change sc,·cml other an1cles of the Consmution wnh aim to cre~tc a pluri· nauonal state adapted 10 the many pueblos that hvc m Mexico today. ~brgarita Guntrrtz. lil>nhu from the Stole of Htdalgo and one of the coor· dmalors of 1\NIPA. spoke I><>Silively of the event. "ThiS is a great Forum bceallSC n has united gr:ISSrOOis Indigenous Reprtsenlllti\'\'5. and engag· ing In dialogue with the F.Z~N com· manders helps 10 have an understand· tng of the cultures nnd problems we are foong. Al.so, the !'ttct that m the EZLN women have full paniclpation is very poshivc. We haw to make an i memnl revoluuon first whtch Is to allow wom<n to paniClpate fully m all dcct· s•on-making procr:sscs. • .... Peace Accord Signed by EZLN and Mexican Government 'The EZLN and the Me>elcan state agreed oo a prebmlnaty I peace agreement oo Februaty 16th ln the Chiapas town of San Andres Larrainzar. It was agreed that lncftgenous rights must be stated in the coostitutlon: lhat Indigenous poltllcal participatioo and representation be V>lide1y b<ood· ened: lhat justo:e be gu~~ranteed to lndtgeoous peoples: that Indigenous cultural expre$$ion be supported: and that Indigenous pe<>ples receive support for the creation of their own educational systems. . The peace agreement ~ afte< the roundtable negotiation from Janua.y I 0· 18 In San Andres Sacamch ·en de los Pobres. where the two factions agreed to re·define the relationship bet...veen the state and Indigenous peoples. or estOOWI p<indples and componeots for the construe. lion of a "new soc181 contract." tn whiCh Indigenous peo· pies participate ss full members of society. all within the context of a "profound reform of the state.· or 34 By far the most slgn!r.cant advance of the negotia· lions are the modtficalions to the Mexican constitution. namely the recognllion of Indigenous peoples' right to self-determination and autonomy. This comes after an lnltJal stance of complete rejection of the even the men· 1100 of the word • self·deterrmnatton. • However. due to pol•lical pressures. the need to re·establlsh M exico's Image of stability as seen from abroad. and a negotiat· ed definition of the nature of autonomy, the government conceded. What is the nature of the ·Autonomy· granted to Indigenous peoples after this Initial round of agree· ments? Autonomy was declared at the • communal" level. which ts a far c.y from the lndtgenous vtsion of dlslincl and proper territonal.lurfdlcal. and political enti· ties. This point will no•doubt be contested in negotiat· lng sessions to come. Attya Yaia News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Forging Unity, Zapatistas Call for Indigenous Forum Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Forging Unity, Zapatistas Call for Indigenous Forum Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 10 Issue 1 1 Pages 34 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English, Spanish English Abstract Note The Zapatistas group held a massive gathering where the Forum revolved around the objectives of the controversial "'Peace with Dignity and Justice" negotiations between the government o£ President Ernesto Zedilio and the EZLN ocuring in San Andres Larrainzar, Chiapas. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p34.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chiapas Zapatistas Zedillo Ernesto http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/f9f5b820210e1dca86e7e2e2899bf9b9.pdf 36b9caa2be9ad85f5cf18bc8623a5ebf PDF Text Text 1993 YEAR OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Stealing Indigenous Genes Genome Project Places Indigenous Peoples at Risk A band of molecular anthropologiSts are planning to collect samples from the hair roots. cheeks and blood of 722 "endangered" Indigenous peoples scattered throughout the globe to tmmortallze their genetic make-up and possibly tum a profit. AdraftreportfromthesecondHuman Genome diversity Workshop held at Penn State University on October 29-31, 1992 refers to Indigenous people as "Isolates of Htstol1c Interest (!Hrs), because they represent groups that should be sampled before they disappear as Integral units so that their role In human htstory can be preserved.· By recording gene codes the plan's partiCipants hope to find unique genes which can be used to cure diseases. which they wl1l patent and make millions. The plan ts being advanced by the Human Genome Diversity Project. an Informal consortium of universities In North Amertca and Europe backed by the u.s. National Institute of Health (NIH) as part of the Human Genome Organization (HUGO). HUGO ts the mult:Jnatlonal. multl-bJIIlon dollar lnltlative to map the human genetic structure. Part of the plants to leave a duplicate sample of the DNA of each Indigenous community with their national governments or regional inStitutions. Access to an IHrs complete genetic make-up makes It theoretically possible to devtse cheap and targeted biological weapons trained solely on that community. Human rtghts violations againSt Indigenous peoples, by their own governments and/ or other governments within their region, ts a major cause of their "physical exUnction·. Permaneotsamplesofhumangenetic material are invaluable to the Human Genome Project and to medical research. Under 10 U.S. law, any products or processes dertved from the unique collection wl1l be patentable. The commercial profit In Indigenous germplasm was brought home to pharmaceutical companies earlier thts year when th.l rty clti?.ens of Llmone, an ISolated ltaltan community. were dlsoovered to have a unique gene that codes againSt many forms ofcardlo· vascular disease. Swedish and Swiss phar· maceutical companies, as well as the Univers ity of Milan. have since swarmed over the townspeople, taking blood and other samples and applying for patents. If the gene can be turned Into a marketable drug the profits wl1l be tremendous. Will Indigenous peoples have a share In such profits? The members of the Human Genome Diversity Project estimate that an lnltlal five year sweep of relatively accessible populations wl1l cost between $23 million and $35 million and wl1l allow sampling from 10 ,000 to 15,000 human specimens. White blood cells from each person wl1l be "tmmortall?.ed" at the American Type Culture Collection 111 Rockv111e. Maryland. Human blood can only survive 48 hours outside ofstorage so samples collected wl1l have to be air-lifted Immediately. ·one person can bleed 50 people and get to the airport In one day," the report estimates. The Indigenous Peoples and Health Workshop held In Wlnnlpeg. Canada Aprtl 13·18, 1993, wh!ch wasorganl?.edbythe Pan American Health OrganiZation (see article page 11), passed a resolution crtticl?.Ing the Genome project. The resolution states: This Is yet another example of research being done on Indigenous people With· out their consent and Without all relevant Information being provided to them. The consequences of thts research have not been fully explored nationally, interAbya Yala News �1993 Y EAR OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Pan American Health O rganization Conference on Indigenous Health The fust conference ever sponsored by the Pan American Health Organl7.atlon that focused exclusively on Indigenous peoples health ISSues was held from April 13 - 18 In Villa Marta. Wlnnlpeg Canada. Forty Indigenous delegates from South, Meso and North America as well as Canadian government and non-governmental representatives attended the Indigenous Peoples & Health Workshop '93 "In hopes of launching a dialogue on the health status of Indigenous peoples.· Presentations. seminars and dlseusslons addressed the gravity ofthe health crtsts In Native communities. covertng topiCS rangIng from the dearth of health services and faclllt!esln Native communities. to the slgnlficant role of traditional Indigenous medicine. to the ominous Human Genome Development Project. Poverty, oppression and lack of self-determination were seen to be the prtGenome continued nationally. or In consultation with Indigenous people. Thts type of research wlll have a negative Impact on future health programs and projects In Indigenous communities. by un dermining Indigenous peoples' trust In the medical and health professions. Source: Rural Advancement Founcia· ttcn International For more infonna~on contact SAIIC or: Rural Advancement Founda~on lnterna~onal 71 Bonk Street, Suite 504 Ottawa, Ontario K1 P 5N2 Conado Tel: 613-567-6880 Fax: 613-567-6884 Vol7 Num 1 & 2 mary culprits of the alarming health situation confronting Indigenous peoples. In light of the crtsts. a recommendation to declare a state of emergency In s peclflc communities and populations was p ut forth. Systematic community participation In definIng and Implementing health poUcles was regarded as crucial for achieving positive results. The necessity of pursuing ongotng efforts to defend Indigenous lands. Improve nutrition and housing. prevent environmen tal pollution, and legalize Indigenous m edicine and practices was diScussed at length. As a result of thJs conference. a com mtssJon of Indigenous delegates. working In conjunction with PAHO to promote Indigenous health Issues on local. national and International levels ts being established. In addition. an Int ernational task force dedicated to ensurtng that Indigenous health tssues find a place on the agendas of any meetingS pertaining to Native peoplests planned . as well as an Information network to educate and update Native com- Deleg(JleS to the PAHO confertnce from left to right: Rosa munities on rel- Baldiz6n, Maya (Gu(Jlemola): Rosa .Garcfa. Purepecha evant ISSues and (Mbcico): Carmen Pereira. Mojeiia (Bolivia); Yoltvula n ew developments Nahuelcheo, Mapuche (Chile): and Gilberta 8(Jlz, Maya ' concerning health. (Guatemala) 11 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stealing Indigenous Genes: Genome Project Places Indigenous Peoples at Risk Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Stealing Indigenous Genes: Genome Project Places Indigenous Peoples at Risk Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 10-11 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note The controversial topic of researching and "immortalizing" the genetic code of humans is discussed. The Indigenous Peoples and Health Workshop in Winnepeg, Canada criticized the Genome Project on grounds of exploiting Indigenous people. Attachment Title Stealing Indigenous Genes-Genome Project Places Indigenous Peoples at Risk.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Human Genome Diversity Project NIH Pan American Health Organization The Indigneous Peoples and Health Workshop Winnepeg Canada http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/3fb578e4d9fb5a6a748ff61d31d02738.pdf 609184f36d0a8172efa8135024b02776 PDF Text Text HU MAN R IG H T S Nimia Apaza, Kolla Lawyer Challenges Argentinean Health Minister Nimia Apaza, an Indigenous Kolla lawyer in northern Argentina <General Coordinator and L<Jwyer for the Ju}ciy Native Council of Organizations), challenged Argentine social welfare minister Herminio Gomez regarding his explanation of infant mortality In the S usques Province. "Infant mortality IS not a cultural p roblem. • she asserts, "it Is not true that mothers do not care for their children and that they let them die." For Apaza. it Is "the clash of cultures that is killing our people; Western culture comes overwhelmingly. bringing so called 'superior and better ideas· than our traditional culture... • How does Minister G6mez think !ha t infam morulhy rates In Susques. during the first months of 199.5, are linked to the fact that mothers do not mke Lheir d•lldren to the heahh center$? e presented an isolated case, possibly due tO special clreum~•nces In bel. the act\dcmic calendar In Susques. whoch was ontt from summer until May. was ch.111ged from March to December. The previous ca~ndar h.'ld 3 \ogle: on May, gr.uing cycles change. and Lhcrcfore amm:ds need to be token fanhcr awa)' to find fodtkr MOther.< that do not h.wc older children an: forctd to coke younger ehiidccn :dong. If chcy do no11a.ke thdr animali co gr.tze, noc only will one child die. but 1he entire famil)' will sufkr btcause they wdl llOI ha"" food for the next )oear. duces a grc:u imb.1bncc. Susqucs. llmros (mules) ""re used to tr.msport Indeed, is the s.'lt plateau of jujuy. This saltLO the lower ''alleys to trade for com. is io say that it has liule pot:tble water Nowadays. '""'I'OS arc oonsidcrcd dannnd its "egcmtion Is b:>sically " small gerous on che hlghwoys. The police forperennial bush cal~d T'ola (Batcharis bid them on the roods. so then: 1S no To/a). rola proteets chc topso~l •~?•nst bartering, nor com. On che other hand. Slrong " inds and reproduces with hule chert: are less gmzing at\!1\S and bcnsts of mlnfall. whkh once created • st.1ble burden ore dying. Prople ore aware of source of gmz< for IL1mas. The problem thl$ probltm ond thO)' ore ll')11lg 10 Sllv" I> th.11 today. soU erOSlon has decreased che llama and sheep 11\Stcad or toling the :tmO\tnt of T'o/a in !he area. them to Survlve. Ecologic<~l collapse h.'IS caused descr· Before. fomilies 115('<1 to own large tifiCII!Ion or the highlancls. T'ola h.'IS been herds of onnnJls and now they h..-..,~ used as a fuel m the school kitchen fur- 1hnn Oftccn or cwenty heads. In a ~1':1\e­ n\\Ces because there is no money avail· glc droma of survival, our people "blc for other fomu of fuel. Homdo learned I<> ll\'t under-nouriShed Under Mcrcado. an 3grunon>lsl. wamcd us cl><SC strenuous circuii\SlanttS. the lllOSI al>Out the e<»log•cnl Cl)nsequenct.~. but affected arc the children 'vho '"111not wns not hcord by the 1 0011 authot'ltics. wh~nd high altitude weather aild suf1 he rruth is that our people tmdotlonally fer from bronquittS. pneumonia, 1111d ha"= T'ola for domesuc usc. but only whooping cough. mke what~ needed. nvolding the disruption of the no.ural equilibrium. t How has the school system dcv<~.lu cd How chen do you e."pl<tln Lbc growth chc uaditions of your people! of infant monolity rncrs? C:m yo" describe for us the trndhion· Tc"ttchrrs wuh good intcmions teach It is the clash of 1'\lhurcs th~t is nl diet in Susques? our children to cat evctything avail•ble. killing our people. When I speak about Our diet tmdilionally depended on but because or the gen<rJl de\oalu:uion of cultures. I assume that there is not one rom-~d mnls, such as.. Chilean our culture, 11 is undci'Siood chat tom· supcnor culture. nor that ours is tnfen- (breakfast). ulpada, to<1adns (snacks). b.1sed foods belong to poor p•:ople. So e>r. The concept that o ur troditions and ll<dapun;a, hal<~t>i, tultX>. caldQ, majM. and when children return home. they n.o cu>torns art b.1ckward has made this plcant.:s (lunches). an<lu (desert). and longer w.mt to e;u trnduional foods. and dlsh and 011\-asion W CIIUS<' of nL,lnU• chlcha (com hecr). To chtS basic dice we p,1r<.n1S do not have the means 10 purninon and lnfnnt mortaluy. added 'P!Inod, fa••a bc.lns, and potntoes. ch3.<e processed foods. For example, supplemented occasJOilally with ch4/ona noodles arc available, but contain llulc llow has Western culture nffecl<d (llama me.") n111ntion.11 v:duc. The superior ,,.lue put on processed food is whnc is rousing the Susqucs' The p<:oplc of the cit)' don\ under- Can )'OU c..'plain che trad.itional eco- malnutrition of our people. stand that our people live \vithin' nature nomic pancn1s of exchange in tltis ond that no one is superior. Mankind is a.rc:ol (£x<upts oj on mter"'"' by .11oriona oot the king of O'l.'-'IIOn; we arc nil part Our poople obtn.oncd com through Corbctjal, '>illo pcrmJ,<fon from "~<k(r El of II, When nature is destroyed I! pro- Inter-communal barcering systems. Patriota. Ltt Paz Nov 11 -17, 1995) H 32 A'r:lta Yalo N~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nimia Apaza, Kolla Lawyer Challenges Argentinean Health Minister Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Nimia Apaza, Kolla Lawyer Challenges Argentinean Health Minister Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 10 Issue 1 1 Pages 32 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English, Spanish English Abstract Note Nimia Apaza, an Indigenous Kolla lawyer in northern Argentina (General Coordinator and Lawyer for the Jujuy Native Council of Organizations), challenged Argentine social welfare minister Herminio Gomez regarding his explanation of infant mortality In the Susques Province. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p32.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Argentina Infant Mortality Gomez Herminio Nimia Apaza http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/5f5e5c38b390e557aaa8a4095c0cbf91.pdf 96c231454a73f76c3366ed177cc2c866 PDF Text Text 1993 YEAR OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Latin American Governments Establish Indigenous Peoples' Fund Inspired by an Initiative of the government of Bo!Ma. who met wtth other Latin Amertcan governments and With the government of Spain at the first lbero-Amertcan SummltlnGuadal~aza.MexlcolnJuly,l991. an Indlgenous Peoples' Fund has been established that expects to provide mliJJons of doUars to lndlgenous communities. The process of developing this fund has taken place <:!Ver the last two years. and has Involved representatives from governments of the region. extra-regional governments,Indlgenous peoples' organiZations (lnter-Amertcan Indian Instttute. the presidents of the World Councn of Indigenous Peoples, and COICA-the Coordinating Body oflndlgenous Peoples' OrganJ.zatlons of the Amazon Basin). non-governmental organJ.zatlons. and International agenctes. The decision-making structure of the Fund IS designed to ensure direct partictpatlon of Indlgenous peoples. On the General Assembly and the Board ofDirectors. regional governments. Indigenous peoples of each regional member state. and extra-regional governments WID all be equally represented. The four areas ofprtorttythe Fund WID constder are: 0 Resources for Sustainable Autonomous Development: Securing legal recognltionofland and terrttortes, promoting natural resource management. restoring degraded Vol 7 Hum 1 & 2 areas and ecosystems. and fostering sustainable productive actMtJes. 0 Indlgenous Peoples' Rights: Promoting and protecting the rtghts of lndlgenous people. reforming legiSlation and other regulatory codes. OTra.!nlng for Management and Participation: Strengthening representative orgaruzatlons. establlshlngco-operative mechaniSms for plannlng. consultation and action. 0 Identity and Culture: Protecting the cultural knowledge and technology of Indigenous peoples. promoting recognition of their Identity and awareness oflndlgenous contributions. AtaFundmeetingonAprtll3. 1993 In MexicO, an lntertm commlttee was formed to preside <:!Ver the development process. RodolfoStavenhagen, a weU-knownMexican anthropologiSt. was chosen as the lntertm president of the commlttee which. once the Fund IS formaUy estabUshed. WID serve as the Board of Directors. Not all Latin Amertcan governments have yet ratified thiS proposal. To aJd In thiS effort. please send your letters ofsupport for the Indlgenous Peoples' Fund to: Rodolfo Stovenhogen lnlerim Pre•ident, lndigenou• People'• Fund Stanford lno~tule for lnlemorionol Studie• Stanford, CA 94305 For more infonna· ~on pleo•e con· tact: Diego lturralde Ad-hoc Secretariat Ca•illa 6326 La Paz, Bolivia FAX: (5912)39-1o-89 Phone: (5912) 36-13-37 Environment Protection Division lnler·American Development Bonk Ann Deuryllere 1300 New York Avenue, N.W. Wo•hington, D.C. 2o5n FAX: (202) 623-1315 Pho~e: (202)623-1254 9 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latin American Governments Establish Indigenous People's Fund Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Latin American Governments Establish Indigenous People's Fund Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 9 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note A collection of Latin American countries are in the process of trying to ratify a Indigenous Peoples' Fund. The decison-making structure of the Fund ensures direct participation on the part of Inigenous peoples. Attachment Title Latin American Governments Establish Indigenous Peoples' Fund.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 1993 Year of Indigenous Peoples Bolivia Indigenous Peoples' Fund Latin American initiative http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/728ecbc86cf08efc6c99351cd8614054.pdf ab8763995d3925383bc78cc7a184e4b7 PDF Text Text --------------------------------~~ N DIG EN 0 U ~ S~-~ O M E~ ~~~~ N~~Q R_G A _N I~ I ~~ ~~ ~c ~ Z~ N G Absent Visions: A Commentary on the Women's Conference in Beijing year more than 28.000 women nication hampered the preparatory comi· rom 185 countries met to auend e Founh World Conference of Women, from the 4th to the 15th of September. in the city of Oeijing, China. This conference was organized by the United Nations in order to receive the input of women from all parts of the world to influence the Platform of Action, nental meeting in Ecuador where some 150 women from 24 nationalities and communities met to elabor.:~te their pro* posals to be sent to Beijing. The meeting took place later than planned, and as a result the Indigenous women's' proposals were not received in time to be submitted in the final document or the Platform of a document on womenS rights, which Action. U was on the United Nations' agenda. The limited preparation and panicipation or Indigenous women in the conference is due to many factors beyond the control of the Delegation of Lmin American Indigenous Women. Unfol1llll.1lcly, as other sources have said, the organizational Structure and the agenda of the confer· ence did not offer equal conditions of participation to lndigenous women. From the beginning. there was a lim· ited Oow of information between Indigenous and non-indigenous women. The fonner had liule access to contacts. infom1ation, and financial resources. From the level of the United Nations to the non-governmental organiuuions, space was not granted them as organized people. This was one of the biggest complaints that came out of the Meeting of Indigenous Women of the First Nations of Abya Yala, held from july 31 to August 4. l99.5. in Ecuador. The location of the conference made it hard for Indigenous women to attend. Only 30 Indigenous women arrived, an abysmal number (consider the number of Indigenous nations in the Americas). Getting funds to cover the ~'OSIS of the Oight was a great difficult)<Thus. in spite of the huge interest they expressed to aucnd this event. they were once again not able to panake in decision making processes that will affect their lives. As stated above, the same financial factors and lack of suppon and commuVol. 10 No. 1 ln spile of these lim_ itations. their pro· posals were presented in writing to the conference. Their document presented the vision of Indigenous wonwn or Abya Yala. emphtlsizing the challenges of selfdetennination and the survh'lll as a dis· tinct peoples. Among others. the Declaration of Indigenous Women in lleijing put forward the following propos· als and demands: (1) Recognize and respect our right to sclf-detemlinatton; (2) Recognize and respect our right to our territories and de.vclopm.em, e:du~ cation. and health; (3) Slop h\tma.n rights violations and all forms of violence against Indigenous worn en.: (4) Recognize and respect our cui· tural and intellectual inheritance and our right to control the biological di\oer· sity in our territories; (5) AsS<tre the political panicipation of Indigenous women and amplify their er. emphasized the economic problems that affect women, the globalization of the economy, and international womenS rights-terms and concepts that few Indigenous women h..·we experienced directly. Another issue was the Indigenous \~~men~ Delegations concern over the agreement in Beijing that an investig.uion · occur on Indigenous knowledge of health and management of naturol resources. Indigenous women want to take pan in the study and not only be its objects. They recognize the nece.<Sh)• of their panicipation so that the study include the Indigenous vision. If one analyzes the theme of "human rights· in the Beijing proposal. it becomes clear that Indigenous women envision these ' rights' differently. Indigenous women do nol see them· selves as competing with men. They have a more integral vision of them~ selves-not as individuals. but more as pan of a community. In situations where women work in the formal economy. the resulting rnemality is a competition belween women and men. for most indigenous women, work is something shared in a community. and not a competition. Thus, the right of equality between Indigenous men and women is inseparable rrorn this systen'l of production where the concept of capabilities and their a<:cess to rcsourc.;:s. . dualily predominates, meaning that Essentially. the document stressed ma_ and worn.an complement each n Indigenous tcnitory as a key for the e.xis· other in what they think. do, and say. Jndigcnous womenS lack or particitence of Indigenous peoples. it also touched on intellectual propeny rights, pation was a significant weakness in which the women felt should be respect· lleijing. It illustrates the necessity for us ed. it also called for the ratification of to devise new smucgies so that our International L.1bor Organization (ILO) vision can become an integral compocConvention 169 along \vlth other decla· nenl of lhe broader womenS mo\r rations on the rights of Indigenous peo· ment. a presence to be recognized espe· pies. The Plan of Action of the World dally during watershed encounters like Conference of Women in Beijing. howev- the Beijing conference . .., 13 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Absent Visions: A Commentary on the Women's Conference in Beijing Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Absent Visions: A Commentary on the Women's Conference in Beijing Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 10 Issue 1 1 Pages 13 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English, Spanish English Abstract Note 28.000 women from 185 countries met to attend the Fourth World Conference of Women, but there were many factors that caused the imited panicipation of Indigenous women. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p13.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Beijing Fourth World Conference of Women Indigenous women http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/f711a60e048b699411fe0dbd80e35ba9.pdf e17557ecc381d9c19f9befa04e2e338b PDF Text Text 1993 YEAR O F INDIGENOUS PEOPLE S 'The: f~ orgMJ><l· tiOna malcc: up the o~commlttcefor the Contsn<nto!Enooun· t.e!': Coord tnat111g Body of Lndtgcnout Women of BohvtA Council of AU Lnnda. Chile Counc.IJ of Mnyn.n orgnnt:r.nuona or Ouatcmalt\ (COMO) Kunns Unftod for Nobguana. l'nnAmn Mc>dcnn Org.vll:dng Com.mLNton NaUonal ~tmtlon of lndig<nouo 1'\eopk of Ecuodor (CONAIEI SouthandM<oo Am<rlcDn IndiAn Second lndige and Organizations of lnfOr'm8UOn Center ISAIIC) TonnUerm. USA For lnfonnauon on the encoun· ter. please contact SAIIC or: Comisi6n Orgonizodoro M6xicono Apot1odo Poslol Num 28·145 Colonio Centro 06080 Mexico D.F. Tel: 52·5· 783·8002 Fax: 52·5· The fifth meeung of the Continental Commtsslon of Indigenous Nations (CONlC) took place from April 2-4. 1993. In the Ceremonlal Center Ixacacal Cuardta,ln Qultana Roo, MexiCO. The purpose of the m eeung was to conunue preparauons for the Second Continental Encounter, a follow-up to the First Conunenta!EncounteroflndlgenousNatlons and Ol:gan!ZaUons which took place In Quito, EcuadorJnJuly 1990.At theApr!lmeeung.ll was decided that the Second ConU:nental Encounter will take place from OctoberS -13 1993 In the Otoml- Nanhu Ceremonlal Center In the State of Mexico. The alms of the Second Conunental Encounter are: .. To promote Indian unity on a Conunental level. upon the basiS of our own splrltuallty. WISdom. tradiUonal orgaw.auon and poiiUcai philosophy: .. To create sYStems of communication and coordination on a continental level; .. To propose VIable alternatives and soluUons. based upon self-determination, whlchaddresstheiSSuesfacJ:ngourpeople. The maJn themes for the Second En· counter are: 1. Splrltuallty and Tradition 2. Self-determJnaUOn. LeglslaUon. and Indlg· enous Rights 3. l.a:nd Rights. Development, and the Envt· ronment 4. Women, Family. and Community 5. Education. Culture and Youth 6. Organl7.ation and Coordination An tntemaUonal orgnntztng committee with representatives from siX regions was fonned to plan the Encounter. More than 300 hundred delegates and guests are expected to partiCipate. ThepartlclpaUon ofs plrltual lead· ers. women. and young people IS strongly encouraged. Ctven the hiStortcal pattern or domloauon of the South by the governments ofthe North. 1t seems very lltung that thiS effort to create Conunentallndlgenous Unity IS being Initiated by the Indigenous people of South and Meso Amenca. Yet our unity will not be complete without U1e participation of our Indigenous brothers and siSters of the North. Any North Amencan lndlgenous communi· ties and organl7.aUons that would Uke to send a representative to thiS meeting. please contact SAIIC or: TONATIERRA P.O. &OX 24009 Phoenix, AZ 85074 (602) 254-5230 A detaUed outltne for the Encounter can be obtained from SAtiC. 208·3044 8 Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Nations and Organizations Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Nations and Organizations Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 8 Publication Title Abya Yala Newws ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note The purpose of the fifth meeting of the Continental Commission of Indigenous Nations (CONIC) was to prepare a list of the group's aims for the Second Continental Encounter. Attachment Title Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Nations and Organizations.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 1993 Year of Indigenous Peoples CONIC Second Continental Encounter http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/c4a4d8f53647e8e2bd64870662a2a9af.pdf 34b0cab19aaae786aa3cda6e457e8c9c PDF Text Text INDI GENOUS WOMEN ORGANIZING _ _ _ _ __ ,_ The Right to Love and Politics: An Indigenous Activist's Perspective Eulalia Yagari Gonzalez. a Chami woman activist In Colombia. was elected as a member of the regional parliament of Antioquia on Marcil 8. I 992 (/ntemational Women's Day). In this interview, she speaks to us of her life and hardships as an Indian woman activist. Eulalia is convinced that the struggle of Indians in Colombia for land. culture. and autonomy must be conducted on many different fronts simultaneously. Her struggle is not only relevant to Indigenous communities but to all oppressed people in Colombia. particularly women. (~~ w~ Eulalia Yagari Gonzalez Why did you agree 10 be an Indian candidate for the senate elections? eforc I ar\Swcr your question. let me just say thnt the political par· B lidpntion or Indian women is nothing new. We ha-·e always been in,·olved in pollucs rn the sense that we\-. always defended our interestS, our rradrtron, our culture. our fellow men as wdl as our whole people and our land We fought for 500 )UIS until our valetS wen: nnally heard. Now Colombia has a new constitution. A cenain sector or the lndran population, Blacks, and other ethnic groups have united in a political alliance, which will not only defend Indian interests and nghts. but also those of Black people. the lower classes--in fact all marginalized groups. When they were looking for c:andidatcs and they noticed that I'd been politlc:ally active for tweh·c years and was <:<>mmlttcd 10 the rights of women. children and our entire people. they c"- me. Actually I only agreed 10 the candrdatun: after they opproaehed me for the rhrrd ume But as an Indian woman I don' just wnntto fight for the interests of Indian women. I also want 10 fight for the rights of all women in this society, the workers. the campesinas, the Black women who have always been discrimmated against umU now, the women of other ethnrc groups like the Gypsies-l»sically all women who an: pohurnlly ond SOCt311y active m this counrry. But when I demand their rights I don\ jusc wont to make supem· cia! political spoechcs. No. If I get elect· ed to the Stnote, I'll fight for quite specific proposals and proJetiS promoting the social development of women: the right 10 prenatal c:are, ror recognition of womens panlclpauon. and power for women to achieve their right to work and decem jobs. not Just jobs that are almost ~yond physical endurance. What could Indigenous women achieve in tht Stnate if they wtre elected? We could Stan by tmplementmg evetythmg the new <:<>RSIIIULion has assured us ol. We must form alliances with othtr progressrvc forces. with spe· dfic groups on the left, but also on the right. We'll see what the politicians will actually do. Of course, In the election campaign, they pz-omised all sons of things. Personally I don' have any rllusions about what I can do for the Colombran people, firstly brcausc I'm awan: of my limtlatlons and secondly brcause we don\ l!.tve the finanoal means. We havr lllr 100 little power in the state to n:ally chong< 50Ctety. All I can do is simply devote oil my Slrtngth and intelligence 10 the wk in h:tnd. I'll also use my feminine cunning. becnuse in all honesty, we women are very cunning. Women nn: capable of n grcot deal. its just thnt we' vc always been undermined. Our rights were taken away from us and we were underv~1l~ ued. Women were there for sex. childrearing and maybe the odd bit of poll· tics. We never had nny more space than that- So we're well-placed 10 flin with our bodfes, but also with our lnttlli· gence, our dtSCtmzng noture and with our cunnmg. We have m:tn)' abrlities we can use 10 change thiS sociel)\ As an Indian woman, I can\ spcok such high I'J:t(a Yala News �INDIGEN O US W 0 MEN ORGANIZING along the street together. And there$ no time to keep the family together or bring up the children properly. Who are your children growing up with? class Spanish as a big politician. but that docsn\ mean I have no right to be heard. Despite all my limitations, I imend to fight in the senate-albeit cautious1y, because the senate is a completely new ball game for us. I ha,,c a difficult relationship with him. We love each other but o~tr political struggle in this quagmire of violence and war makes it impossible for couples to live in peace with one another. We' re not the only ones in this position in Colombia. Hundreds or us women. You just said you only let yourself be nominated as a candidate after the third invitation. Why were you so hesitant initially and why did you accept in the end? Basically I never wanted to get imo big politics. I've been pushed imo it. The work in the senate seemed to me like the struggle of a little fish r.1ced with a shark. And besides. this work means giving both In)' daughters to someone else to look after. I've also got a partner whos politically active as well . Vol. 10 No. 1 lnditm women, campesinas. women from the popular moven1ems. workers and trade unionists aren't able to have happy relationships with their partners. Conunitment to the cause takes away the ability and time for love. R elationships often break ''P· because there$ a lack of opponunity for the joys and pleasures of love. affection and togetherness. Sometimes we're only at home for one or two days and often only for one night . There's no time to sleep with each other or even just stroll With relatives. But of course an aunt or granny can'o replace a mooher. You can't just switch ernotional tics. Traditionally, we Indian woman always have our children with us. Indian children grow up differently from other children. From binh we carry children around with us. In many communities they're only weaned when they're fo1 ·e or six. I suckled Marcela for four years. Because of my work I had to wean Patricia after two years. I think this long and close relationship early on helps Indian communities to develop a strong sense of solidarity. We may well have political differences, but we still feel ourselves to be Indigenous people. Today our children. the children of the popular leaders, are growing up with traumas and psychological problems -as a result or the perrnanent state of war. They have no home. no parents who love each other, they don't feel protected ao\d they don't have a good education. Lots of children are constantly in day-nurseries. We leaders and women at the head of the popular movemems sometimes find ourselves on our own in the end. not because of the political work in itself, but because itS being conducted in;\ war situation. You're a membe r of 1he Antioquia Organization of Indigenous Peoples (OIA). What type of women 's l>rogram do you have in the OlA? 'vVe don\ have a specific womenS program which renects the fact that very few women are in leadership positions. Crlstiania is an Indian community where many politicians like to have a finger in the pie. Women have achieved a lol of political space but many arc nol in a position to take on politic.~! functions. In n1y opinion we need a new policy for liberating women. but I don't mean a policy like the ones introduced here from Europe and Nonh America. 11 �IND I GENO U S WO ME N The cultures and societies arc totally different there. My positive image of women is not just limited to Indian women. I feel that women in general are amazing. lovely creatures. Women-Indian and black women. French, Cubans. Soviet Ctli· zens, Chinese women-all women are the most beautiful people in the world. On the other hand, some women who used to suffer and were repressed and put up with being beaten. have managed to liberate themselves. But what happened? They now act like they're on another planet and behave just like men. I know its great to feel free at last. But do we really want this type of freedom? I don't think so. I want liberated women to strive for something different. Women must change the course of this universe. But to do this we're going to need all our willpower. How do yo u defend yourself agains t machismo? Well, I've had to put up with all kinds of stuff. There are foolish, uncouth types who shout at you and don't let you Gnish speaking. So you ha,•e to grit your teeth and 5a)' to them: 12 O R G ANIZ I N G "listen, you may be physically stronger, but I've got more inside my head. And if we're seriottsly fighting for the s.'me cause. then no one just gives orders and no one just obeys." On the political circuit I've put up with some difficult situations. If they're uaveling whh n woman as a meanber of a delegation. the men are right in there trying to go to bed with her. And afterwards they've got nothing better to do than talk about it and then it becomes the latest gossip. "Oh, so you went to bed with her, as well? And what was she like?" After that the woman is Ut\ished politically. A friend of mine was done for because 15 men claimed to have slept with her. And they laughed themselves stupid over it. ThatS machism.o in its purest form. As a woman involved in polirics. you still have to deal with stuff like that. But we can1 wage this struggle the husbands all their lives without even realizing it. Don' t you think that's g radually changing? Certainly there are women who thlnk the same way I do and are workIng towards a different educational policy. But its not just a question of dis· cussing things with men because men :\5 individuals and the system which represses are not one and the same thing. Men are also our lovers, our friends and our brothers. The problem is that in Colombia and in the whole of Laun America there are still far too few men who :l.Cknowledge our true worth. What \V"ill you do if you don't get into the senate? I'll work in the communities again. I have a piece of land I'll cultl\oate. I enjoy same waY. eve1ywhere. You have to go tilling the soil. sowing, harvesting. I'm about it differently when you're dealing actually a campesina. I used to grow whh women who think of themselves coffee. I worked hard at it and carried as the slave at home and nothing else. heavy loads. But with the money I In this country there are still a lot of earned. I used to buy myself nice women who believe they can't ex·peri- clothes. I'd happi.ly do that again. '1l ence any sexual pleasure because that's simply a man's prerogative. Many allow Map1e<l from OlmfW)CJ'G< Gaby (<d), themselves to be repressed by their l.<Jtrdooc I.AB mtd Montldy Re\1ew """'· 1992. KllPf""' Acya Y News ala � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Right to Love and Politics: An Indigenous Activist's Perspective Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Eulalia Yagari Gonzalez Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title The Right to Love and Politics: An Indigenous Activist's Perspective Item Type Journal Article Author Eulalia Yagari Gonzalez Volume 10 10 Issue 1 1 Pages 10-12 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English, Spanish English Abstract Note Eulalia Yagarf Gonzalez. a Chami woman activist in Colombia. was elected as a member of the regional parliament of Antioquia on March 8. 1992. In this interview she discussesf her life and hardships as an Indian woman activist. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p10-12.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chami Colombia Indian woman activist Yagarf Gonzalez Eulalia http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/6f9ee92277c1ab675eec12dbc46bbd55.pdf 2f26120267c30bb0a052bcb19ace6268 PDF Text Text 1993 YEAR OF INDIGENOUS P EOPLES Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations ThiS statement was p repared and approved by representatives Q/ the Indigenous peoples Q/the world present at theplanning meetings held In New YOf'kjor two days prior 11> the UN's InauguratiOn Q{the Year of the Worlds Indigenous Peoples (See article page 4). Gucumatz. Condor. Father Sun. Eagle. Anahuac. Mother Earth INVOKING the spirits of our ancestors and acting tn our tradition of resiStance In the defense of Mother Earth. ASSERilNG our fundamental and htstortcal nghts. ASSERilNG au the mUllons of brothers and siSters who have sacrificed their Uves In defense of our mJllennlal culture: tn the name of the more than 300 mUllon IndlgenouspeoplewholnhablttheEarth, and the efforts over years of work by Indlgenous peoples and NGOs, we. the members of the Indigenous nations and organiZations, gathered In New York City, from the 8th to the lOth of Decem· ber 1992, Consider: I. That au Indigenous peoples have the rtghttoself-determ!natlonasexpounded In the prtnclples of the Universal DeclarationoftheRlghtsoflndlgenousPeoples. Accordingly, Indigenous peoples have the nght to determine aU matters relatIng to our polltlcal, economic. social, spiritual and cultural affairS. We call for the Immediate adoption of the above declaration. n . The struggle for our terrltor1al nghts lS common to aU Indigenous nations and peoples. and thiS rtght ls persistently denied by governments and dominant societies. ffi. Economic development practices ofNa· Uon States are destroying the natural resources which have been protected within Indigenous temtortes. As a con· sequence. the survival of au spectes lS threatened. 6 The Indigenous peoples' contribution to the SOCial. Intellectual and cultural dlverslly of the world. particularly to the ecology and harmony of Mother Earth must be valued and supported bYnatlonstatesandtntematlonalagen· cles. V. Thehumannghtsoflndlgenouspeoples to our culture. Identity, rellglons and languagesaretnallenable. Thesenghts continue to be sacrificed In the programs, pollcles and budgets of the nauon states and International agencles. VI. Whlle democracy IS heralded by doml· nant societies. what thiS means to Indigenous peopleslsrepresslon,genoclde. andm!serytnthe.Amertcasandtn the rest of the world. As an example, the process by whk:h the dialogue for peace ls taking place In Central and South Amerk:a. there IS no direct partlclpatlon by Indigenous organiZations and nations In spite of the fact that Indigenous peoples are directly affected bY the conditions of the wars. VII. Govemmentsconttnuetodesecrateand approprtaterellglousandsacredplaces and objects, deprMng Indigenous na· tlons around the world of their basic spiritual ways of llfe. THEREFORE: The International Year of the World'slndlgenousPeoples. 1993,must not be merely celebrations or paternal· lstlc declarations, but rather, the resolutlon of the above requires that the United Nations and Its member states take the foDowing actions: 1. RecognJ7.e Indigenous nghts to Indlg· enous terrltortes, InCluding the recovN. Abya Yala News �1993 YEAR OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Qucchua girl wearing a ceremol\ial condor mask and cape 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ezy and demarcation of such territories. Recognize. honor, and document under International law all treaties. compacts. accords and other formal agreements concluded with lndlgenous peoples of the world. Additionally the Study on Indigenous Treaties delegated to the Human Rights Commission must be giVen prtortty attention by the United Nations and Its member s tates. Recognize and honor lndlgenous forms of government when such governments are practiced according to traditional laws and customs. Promote and strengthen Indlgenous InteUectual and cultural property rtghts under International law and principles. Additionally. the study on Intellectual andculturalpropertyrtg)1tsundertaken by the United Nations commission on Human Rights should be given top prtortty. Consult with lndlgenous organJzaUons and nations regarding the ratlficatlon of Covenant 169 ofthe International Labor OrganiZation. Provide legal assiStance and technical t:ralnlngto the Indlgenous organJzatlons and nations. Vol7 Hum 1 & 2 Promote and strengthen lndlgenous educaUon. culture. art. rel!glon. phllosophles. literature and sciences of Indlgenous nauons. 9. Return htstortc places and sacred sites and objects to the Indigenous nations to whom they belong. 10. Demonstrate sincere commitment to the new partnership with Indigenous peoples bymakingadequateflnanclalresources avaJlabletoimplementactfonspresented herein. Furthermore. make stgnillcant donations to the Voluntazy Fund so that future projects be realized. and assure that the Indigenous peoples have direct Input Into the management ofsald fund. 11. That the United Nations Secretazy Cen· eral and Its speciall7.ed agencies. commiSSions and programs to convene speclal consultations with Indigenous peoples of the world at the most local level practical. 12. That the Secretazy general of the United Nations tmmediately create a s peclflc lnc:Ugenous program to be admlntstered and executed with direct partfclpauon of lndlgenous organJzauons. Written In the City of New York. December 9. 1992. 7. ,,.~ ·'J.'i.il 7 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 6-7 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note The following article is a statement that was approved and prepared by representatives of the indigenous community at meetings two days prior to the United Nation's Inaugaration of the Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. Attachment Title Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 1993 Year of Indigenous Peoples New York statement UN http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/452deb7b60e4489040d8d7c20ccd4124.pdf f257d6c5f9c8a8d15ca4e85ef164fa9b PDF Text Text OR G ANIZ A T I ON AND COMM U NICA T I ON • URACCAN Offers Degree 1n Indigenous Rights ''For more than five centuries others have spoken for us. Today we want to begin to speak with our own voices on this October 12. when we commemorate once more the histof}' of resistance of Indigenous peoples of the American Continent and as we launch a Degree Course in Indigenous Rights in our own university ..- URACCAN, the University of the Autonomous Regions of the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua th that invocation 10 the more than 500 )'Cars of ndig-enous resistance on the W: American Continent, Dr. Mirna Cunningham, Rector of the new univer· sity URACCAN, began her address inau· gurating a degree course in Indigenous Rights-a speech that showed that this new post-secondary educational institution in Nicaragua is dedicated to take the forefront of the struggle to defend and extend the lights of the Caribbean Coast peoples. Above all. URACCAN wi1t be innovative and open to serve the real needs of the Caribbean Coa.~t mosa· ic of minority peoples-Miskito, Sumu, Rama, Gar!funa. Blacks-who have been historically marginalized and oppressed by the Nicaraguan state. It will also rein· force the autonomous status of the Caribbean Coast area of Nicaragtta by fo1m1nglocal cxpens in the fields of nat· ural resource management who can prevent the exploitation of coastal resources by outside forces. The degree course in Indigenous RightS. inaugurated in Bilwi {Puerto Cabezas), capital of the RAAN (North Atlantic Autonomous Region), is sup· poned and financed by a coalition com· posed of the internal budget of URAC· CAN, the Nicaraguan state. and International NGOs. It is a Bachelor level diploma that will be recognized as a basis to enter Master or Doctoral level degree courses in Nicaragua. The URACCAN Depanmem supervising this course is headed by Yuri Zapata; cours· es will be taught by Dr. Hazell.au1 3 well known Miskito leader and lawyer. · we are merely demanding," Cunningham assened, ·a fundamental Vol. 10 No.1 right for Indigenous peoples and ethnic communllles of the Caribbean Coast...our systematic and effective par· ticipation in the development of our own educational program." The national educational system and national uni· versities, she says. have ""no roots in our culture and thus kannotl respond to the urgem problems of our communi· ties." Mirna Cunningham is well known as a continental Indigenous leader. In 1992 she presided the work of convok· ing and assembling the Third Cominemal Encounter of Indigenous. Black. and Grassroots Resistance. held in Managua. She is a member of the Nicaraguan Parliament representing the Pucno C•bezas (Bilwi) region. She is also one of the principal architects of the autonomy process that led the Sandinista government in l987 10 enact the Autonomy law, a Constitutional provision that recognized autonomous status for the north and south Caribbean Coast regions. Indigenous peoples on the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast face severe marginaliz.11ion. Unemployment in the RAAN is now around 90%. and for the RAAS (South Atlamic Autonomous Region) it is 70%. The Atlantic Coast area has the highest levels of monaUty for early matemit)< Three out of every four unemployed persons are women, and there is an increase in rape and abuse brought about by social decom· position and drug consumption. Francisco Cambell. who rccemly travelled to the US in search of funher support for the program. spoke eloquently of URACCANs historical place in the lives of the Black and Indigenous peoples of the coast. "The Autonomy Process was the greatest historical shift from the liberal. nationalist ideology that to be Mestizo and Catholic is the only legitimate fom1 of belonging and ident it l' Now. the peoples of the region 5a)'. 'We will bttild our university." The establishment of an Indigenous Rights curriculum will further the autonomy process in the Atlantic Coast region by giving local peoples the educational training necessary to build the juridical framework for the reclaiming of the native economy and political system. In addition, the progrnm will do this in a way that respects the various cullllral expressions present on the Caribbean coast Uilit)' in diversity."' which must also integrate the cosmovi· sion of the Black Caribbean community. 1t will also decentralize the whole prcx:ess of education, taking smdents into coast~l communities for work~ shops, seminars, and open-ended, participatory sessions. The course, howev· er, is offered only on the Bil" ; campus, which will favor Miskilos over Sumus because of its location. Hence the need 10 open another program in the Bonanza region to the benefit of the Sunm communities. , . 11 Jlcfapted from a Glumeytur l. .XI f by felipe Swarr For infomtacion abouc URACCAN contact: URACCAN, &lljlcio E/ Cannen del Ctuutl 4 112c. al sur, Mar~agua. Nicaragua; Tel: 505· 2-682-HJ; Fax: 505·2·682-H5; or jsll<· arc@uugate.ulli.rain.ni; l.'ax 505·2-682145 37 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource URACCAN Offers Degree In Indigenous Rights Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title URACCAN Offers Degree Indigenous Rights Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 10 Issue 1 1 Pages 37 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English, Spanish English Abstract Note Dr. Mlrna Cunningham, director of the new university URACCAN, began her address inaugurating a degree course in Indigenous rights. The new post-secondary educational institution in Nicaragua is dedicated to take the forefront of the struggle to defend and extend the rights of the Caribbean Coast peoples. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p37.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Caribbean Coast peoples. Cunningham Mlrna Nicaragua URACCAN http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/5e8c9214902ff5f1efcfcd61231a8412.pdf 61dc4b37b5e00aa6a5a74c25483d6eba PDF Text Text Opening of the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples On Docember 10. 1992 leaders and enous speakers scheduled for the afternoon delegates of IndJgenous communities from addressed a relatively empty assembly hall. around the world convened at the United Despite the absence of many U.N. officials. Nations headquarters In New York City for the meeting had hiStoric Importance. as It the official opening of the United Nations was the first tlme lndtgenous peoples were International Year of the world's IndJgenous auowed to address the U.N. Speakers representing 20 IndJgenous Peoples. Indigenous leaders held strategy nations caDed on world leaders to halt the meetings In New York two days prtor to the genocide of thelr peoples and the destruction Inaugural events to share critical problems of their lands. The speeches raiSed common and formulate a unified. pro-active platform concerns, Including Invasion and exploitato take to the U.N. (see doclaratlon. page 6) tion of IndJgenous lands; pollution of alr. The meetings were organl:!'.ed by the Conti- water and land: violation ofreUgious freedom nental Coordinating CommiSSion of IndJg- and human rtghts; prote<:tion of IndJgenous enous Nations and hosted by the Native cultures and languages; and IndJgenous selfdetermination of economic development. American Council of New York City. '"Themost sertous problems confrontDurtng the morning General Assembly Plenary Meeting on De<:ember 10. the lng Indigenous Peoples are the progressive President General as weD as representatives expropriation ofour lands and terrttortes, the of Member States made offictal U.N. doclara- Irrational exploitation ofsoil and subsoU, and tlons regarding the role ofthe United Nations the destruction and contamination ofecosysIn "promoting and prote<:tlng the human tems which maintain the equlllbrlum of llfe, • rights of IndJgenous peoples", and how the said Noell Pocaterra UUana, of the Wayuu nauonofVenezuela. Many of the otherindJga1m of the International Year IS to focus enous speakers also emphasized the relaattention on the special situations and needs of IndJgenous peoples. · tionship between ecological concerns and The Plenary meeting was then ad- Indigenous concerns. In the words of Davl journed. to be continued by statements of Yanomami. a representative oftheYanomaml IndJgenous speakers. Unfortunately. few people of the Amazon: Our word IS to protect nature, the members of the General Assembly returned Wind. the mountain. the forest, and the anito attend the continuation of the opening ceremonies, and the diverse Ust of Indlg- mals. This IS what we want to teach you. The 4 Abya Yala News �1993 YEAR OF INDIGEN OUS PEOPLES Indigenous delegates meet to formulate a unified plalformprior to United Nations ceremony. From left: Margarito Ruiz, Maya(Mexico); Marcial Arias. Kuna (Pa.nt1J711l); Domingo Raien, Mapuche (C/Uie), unidentified Mapuche (Chile) leaders in thench,lndustrtallzedworld think that they are the owners of the world. But the shabons (shamans) are the ones who have true Imowledge. They are the real first world. And If their !mowledge IS destroyed. then the white people too will die. It will be the end of the world. ThiS IS what we want to avoid. SAIIC attended thiS hiStoric event as a supporter of the Inherent right of lndlg- enous peoples to participate IndeciSion-makIng processes that alfect their lives. Yet the fact that thiS Slgnlllcant prescence of lndlgenouschlefs. political and splr1tualleaders at the United Nations received little local. national or International press coverage bears witness to the fact that once again, the lncllgenous peoples of the world were not treated with due respect. UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples lnJuly'of 1993, tile UN's Working Croup on Indigenous Populations IS expected to approve ~e final draft of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. which they have been working on for 10 years with the participation of Indigenous peoples from all over the world. The draft will then be submitted for approval to all of the member nations of the UN. Ifenough support IS buJit. the Declaration will then be adopted by the Ceilera! Assembly, and become an Important InStrument for protecting Indigenous rights. We encourage IndiVIduals and oxganlza.tlons to help buJid support for the Declaration. You can educate yourself and others about the Declaration, CirCulate Information aroong other~ce and social justice oxganJZatlons. and wrtte to members of Congress and to the President. Copies of the current draft of the Declaration can be ordered from SAI!'C for a small fee to cover copying, postage. and handling costs. To Ond out more background lnformatton, contact: Center for Human Rights, United No~ons R oom S-2914, New York, NY 10017, Tel. (212) 963·2283 Vol7 Num 1 & 2 5 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opening of the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Opening of the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 4-5 Publication Title Abya Yala News: ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note Delegates and leaders of indigenous communities met and discussed strategies at the United Nations headquarters in New York City. The meeting took place on December 10, 1992 and officially opened the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. Attachment Title Opening_of_the_United_Nations_International_Year_of_the_World's_Indigenous_Peoples.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 1993 Year of Indigenous Peoples General Assembly Plenary meeting New York UN http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/39300a95629b49eb8cfdf1c592287e53.pdf 20218641ff05d77754ce6b8e0d6461fc PDF Text Text S A I I C News from SAIIC••• incc: our last journal in November of 1995, SAIIC passed through a difficult period, which has slowed the publication of Abya Yala News. We apologize to our readers for S this inconvenience. In spite of many difficulties. our work with Indigenous peoples has com inued on st ronger than ever. \ 1.,.fe, had numerous visitors. :ampaigns, worked on many different < and stayed long hours to do it all. \Ne are ver)' pleased to a•mounce that Amalia Dixon is now Director of SAliC. Amalia's experiences as a Miskita woman in the autonomous Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua have prepl\red her well for the rigors of the SA \IC directorship. It is a pleasure tO work with her. SAIIC is pleased to announce that Mariana Chuquin, a Quichua woman from Ecuador has joined us as member of the board of directors. Mariana is from the communily of Mariano Acosta in the province of lmbabura. Mariana attended the Universidad del Norte in Ecuador as a single mother. She moved to the US in 1984, and now works in Social Services for the community of San Francisco's Tenderloin district, providing health, food, free shelter, clothing. counseling, and information resources. She has remained active m the Indigenous Movement through it all. Welcome, ·Mariana. Laura Soriano Morales. a Mixtec~ Zapotec woman from Oaxaca, Mexico. has joined SAIIC to coordinate and pl·oduce $A11C's radio program. Laura is pan of the Binational Oaxacan Indigenous Front, and has a long hisVol. 10 No.1 tory of working in the Indigenous to area activists. It was a pleasure hav- ing Gilton hero working with us. taped a program on Biodiversity and SA IIC also received the visit of a Biopiracy for the purposes of inform- Sami delegation (the Sami people are ing Indigenous peoples of this new indigenOl.IS to what is today Norway. form of colonialism. The radio pro- Finland, Sweden, and parts or northgram also consists or a segment of ern Russia). During their visit. we news entitled "Indigenous Voices." exchanged common experiences of Radio programs arc taped and distrib- fighting for tcrritoriol rights. issues of uted to over seventy different representation. and the struggle to Indigenous radio stations and organi- preserve and manage the earths naturzations in Latin America. al resources. We thank them for comSAIIC welcomes David Rothschild ing to see us. as lhc new Adminisuation and Project Lastly, we were lucky enough to Coordinator. David graduated from receive the visit of Francisco the University of California, Santa Campbell. who is Vice-l'resiclem of Cruz. with a Major in L·uin American URACCAN, the University of the Studies. David has worked with vari- Autonomous Region of the Caribbean ous Indigenous organizations in Coast of Nicaragua. Francisco talked Ecuador including CONA IE. He is to SAIIC about this brand new initiapresent!)' working on a book focusing tive to provide Indigenous education Oll Biodiversity and Indigenous and training to the Sumu. Miskito. Intellectual Property Rights, to be Rama , and Garffuna peoples in published in English and Spanish. Nicaragua. Several people have left SAIIC In late October. we received the visit ofjose jacir de Souza. long-time since our last journal: Leticia Valdez. Macuxi actlvist in Brazil. jacir extend- Andre w Banle u . Marc Becker, and ed his speaking tour from the East Cheryl Musch.We take this opportuCoast to the West, and had great suc- nity to thank them for their warm ded· cess here in the Ba}' Area. We had the ication to SAIIC and wish them the privilege or conducting an imervicw best in all their future endeavors. with him with the help of Leda Martins and Glenn Switkes. Between November and january, movemcm. Up to this point. we have GUton Mendes. an intern from Brazil, worked with Si\IIC in developing closer solidarity ties with Indigenous organizations in the Brazilian Amazon. Gilton compiled key information on the changes in the Brazilia11 Indian land legal structures a11d also networked with and presented his work ABVA VALA NEWS 39 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource News from SAIIC... Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title 'News from SAIIC... Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 39 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note SAIIC discusses the events that they have taken part in and introduces many outstanding people from the indigenous community. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p39.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] De Souza Jacir Jose Dixon Amalia Mariana Chuquin Rothschild David