30 12 1190 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/ebef72c3683fa270ca2a9c62e2d58101.pdf 39553d72b0af7f02c88ab3f00124286c PDF Text Text James Muneta, who has been a frequent contributor of articles and illustrations to the SAIIC newsletter, as in our radio program, returned home of coordinator of programs for the Dine Center at Tsaile, Navajo Nation, Arizona. His perspective on international issues has broadened the understanding of all of us. He to continue as an active member of SAIIC with a southwestern perspective. He writes, "I miss my good friends in the Bay Area, but I must help my people. My clan is the red sand people and the earth here in Tsaile is red, which makes me feel very happy and peaceful. There are many sagebrush bushes and cedar trees here which are also sacred medicine herbs to the Dine." Photo: S. Lobo DAYS TO REMEMBER July l.t_ 1492 The Italian adventurer Christopher Columbus set sail from Puerto de Palos in Spain with three ships. He reached the American continent on October 12 of the same year. This voyage was the first of many negative events that affected Indian people during the following nearly five hundred years. August ~ 1532 The Inca leader Atahualpa was executed by order of Francisco Pizarro. In addition to the desecration of sacred temple and plundering, the death of Indian leaders were among the outrages the Indian people suffered during the Spanish conquest. August 26 ~ 'lJ...L 1780 Tupac Amaru, the Quechua leader in what is now Peru, and Tupac Katar i, leader in what is now Bolivia, initiated the liberation struggle against Spaniards occupying their land. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 16 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource James Muneta Returns to the Navajo Nation Type The nature or genre of the resource Magazine Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title James Muneta Returns to the Navajo Nation Item Type Magazine Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (16).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note James Muneta, a frequent contributor of articles and illustrations to the SAIIC newsletter, as well as a participant in SAIIC radio programs, returned to fulfill the position of coordinator of programs for the disabled Indigenous. Issue 1 Pages 16 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Language English James Muneta Navajo http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/4dafef3c92154e5ba63d4f2f2a2eadba.pdf 418e4d5c073d7973b621a25e85827286 PDF Text Text Dan Bomberry, who was Cayuga Indian, became a national leader among American Indian activists seeking economic and political soveriegnty and founded the country's first entirely Indianoperated foundation. He died of cancer on Friday, August 16, in San Francisco at the age of 40. The Tribal Soveriegnty Program, now called the Seventh Generation Fund, is named after the Iroquois principle by which all decisions must be made on behalf of the seventh generation of unborn to insure that the future is not irreparably harmed by present action. The Seventh Generation Fund is unique among foundations for concentrating on several critical areas: preservation of Indian ownership of land and resources; development of indigenous economic self-sufficiency projects which are free of the corporate world; programs to revitalize traditional forms of Indian governments; and support of native women's organizations and the strengthening of Indian families, Much emphasis in the Seventh Generation Fund is also to traditional Indian spiritual activities which are seen as of the fabric of traditional Indian economic and life. also founded a national newspaper, Native edited by Victoria Bomberry, which articulates the need for models of economic and the maintenance of Indian land Dan was also a national leader of to struggles of faced with government or corporate of the world, in Guatemala and Nicaragua, Dan a rare gift of warmth and vision for the future for Indian people and all communities. And he was a supporter and friend of SAIIC. We will miss him. --5. Lobo SAIIC welcomes our newest member, Rayen Cayuqueo Lowry, born August 17, and congratulates her parents, Peggy and Nilo. Vol. 2, no, l, Fall, 1985. Published quarterly, ®SAIIC Page 15 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Birth of Rayen Cayuqueo Lowry Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Birth of Rayen Cayuqueo Lowry Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (15).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 Volume 2 Abstract Note SAIIC welcomes its newest member. Pages 15 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Language English Cayuga Indian Dan Bomberry Seventh Generation Fund http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/9bbbab8e96cd9f1342eefa933493e4b2.pdf 11f7a23b4d1ecb92eb8fd745b601930e PDF Text Text PHILLIP DEERE AND DAN BOMBERRY saddened his neck have eyes this and leaders Deere and the tha Dan found a clothes. Around of the Indian of the Indian that can see Deere and Mario Jaruna ) at the Russell Tribunal. Photo: Int'l Indian Treaty Council The young boy will into the sun. With the clear of warm air and we will hear the winds "From the south reeds and bamboos. The connecthe forest tion that we have our brothers from the south is also connected with the countries the whole universe. We felt that warm air, we felt that wind from the south, all over the world we have felt that warm air, this time, it is now time that we hear the winds through the forest of Brazil. It is time that we hear the winds the reeds and bamboos, that is music, that has a sound that has a rhythm that has been handed down for thousands and thousands of years. We are that are made and placed here for a purpose. Through many , through many years of and sufferings, we refuse to die. Thank you." (Phillip Deere, Closing Address at the Fourth Russell Tribunal, Rotterdam, 1980.) Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985, Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 14 �Dan Bomberry, who was Cayuga Indian, became a national leader among American Indian activists seeking economic and political soveriegnty and founded the country's first entirely Indianoperated foundation. He died of cancer on Friday, August 16, in San Francisco at the age of 40. The Tribal Soveriegnty Program, now called the Seventh Generation Fund, is named after the Iroquois principle by which all decisions must be made on behalf of the seventh generation of unborn to insure that the future is not irreparably harmed by present action. The Seventh Generation Fund is unique among foundations for concentrating on several critical areas: preservation of Indian ownership of land and resources; development of indigenous economic self-sufficiency projects which are free of the corporate world; programs to revitalize traditional forms of Indian governments; and support of native women's organizations and the strengthening of Indian families, Much emphasis in the Seventh Generation Fund is also to traditional Indian spiritual activities which are seen as of the fabric of traditional Indian economic and life. also founded a national newspaper, Native edited by Victoria Bomberry, which articulates the need for models of economic and the maintenance of Indian land Dan was also a national leader of to struggles of faced with government or corporate of the world, in Guatemala and Nicaragua, Dan a rare gift of warmth and vision for the future for Indian people and all communities. And he was a supporter and friend of SAIIC. We will miss him. --5. Lobo SAIIC welcomes our newest member, Rayen Cayuqueo Lowry, born August 17, and congratulates her parents, Peggy and Nilo. Vol. 2, no, l, Fall, 1985. Published quarterly, ®SAIIC Page 15 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Deaths of Phillip Deere and Dan Bomberry Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Deaths of Phillip Deere and Dan Bomberry Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (14-15).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 Volume 2 Abstract Note We were saddened this month by the death of two visionaries and leaders in the Indian community. Pages 14-15 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Language English Brazil Dan Bomberry Phillip Deere http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/b0b262fe676ea25934d0544237b88a2f.pdf acea47999fb58f02bd801b40e9fcada6 PDF Text Text and on Indian • Of course, the people at the are still very vulnerable to outside pressures (from the Minister of Interior or even the President)." Also, "Recently the Brazilian authorities have exposed an illegal scheme to occupy and the resources of the Rio Mequens Indian reserve in Rondonia. Officials charge that a consortium of wealthy landholders from the south of Brazil drew up a plan to divide the land of the Makurap and Sakurap people, and to expand a logging operation that is already responsible for the exploitation of millions of dollars in rare tropical hardwoods from the reserve. The loggers have cut a network of roads through the area, including one through the middle of an Indian village and another through a cemetery. "Federal police also ordered the closing of a sawmill belonging to Lavrama, Brazil's second largest exporter of lumber. The police confiscated $40,000 worth of mahogany and other hardwoods and plan further legal action against Lavrama which has illegally operated the sawmill within the boundaries of the Indian area since 1981. These woods command extravagant prices from consumers in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East. "The Indians of the Mequens reserve were first contacted by rubber traders during the 1940's, and today they gather and sell rubber in order to obtain products such as cooking oil, salt, and rifles and ammunition for hunting. The logging companies have destroyed thousands of rubber trees on the reserve. "The police action coordinated by FUNAI is one of the strongest measures yet taken to enforce the demarcation of Indian lands in Brazil." SAIIC hosts "The South American Indian Update" the first Friday of each month at 8:00 P.M. on KPFA (FM94.1) in northern California. The program includes interviews with South American Indians regarding current issues, an update of recent events in South America from an Indian perspective, and traditional and modern South American Indian music. Listen in. If you are beyond our range, you can order a cassette of the latest program from SAIIC by sending $8.00 to: American Friends Service Committee/ SAIIC, P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, CA 94707. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 13 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The South American Indian Update" Radio Show Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title "The South American Indian Update" Radio Show Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (13).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note SAIIC hosts "The South American Indian Update" the first Friday of each month at 8:00 P.M. on KPFA (FM94.1) in northern California. Issue 1 Pages 13 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Language English California saiic The South American Indian Update http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/e9a3e2005d12c85b87f2d953b9a1f207.pdf 108f6ae597d6c7afe0b6def7073b370f PDF Text Text CHILE The on-going conflict between the inhuman dictatorship of General Pinochet and grassroots organizations continues to effect the Mapuche. On September 3, in Temuco, 300 miles south of Santiago, paramilitary commandos fired at the office of the Mapuche organization AD-MAPU. There were no casualties. As a result of international pressure the Mapuche leader Jose Santos Millao was released after several months of internal exile. Also the Painemal brothers who had been accused of having explosives were set free. BRAZIL Sixty leaders of 32 Indian nations met under the auspices of the Union of Indigenous Nations (Uniao das Nacoes Indigenas--UNI) in Goiania, capital of the central state of Goias, from June 9-13. According to Poratim (subscription $15; send a bank order to CIMI/PORATIM, Edificio Venancio III, Sala 310, Caixa Postal 11-1159, CEP 70084, Brasilia, DF, Brasil), the main issues discussed were: (1) The Indian policies of the civilian federal government which took office earlier this year after 21 years of military rule. The feeling of Indian leaders was summarized by Paulo Nonda of the Xavante community of Sangradouro in Mato Grosso, who said, "Nothing is going to change. (President) Sarney is very weak. He's afraid of the big landowners and the military." The meeting specifically rejected a plan to shift responsibility for the administration of economic policy toward Indian communities from federal to state governments. (2) The form of Indian participation in elections to the assembly which will constitution for BraziL The meeting reiterated that Indian nations should elect their own representatives to the assembly rather than participate in a process dominated by non-Indian political parties. (3) Agrarian reform and demarcation of Indian land. "Agrarian reform must be accomplished, but not at the expense of the land of Indian communities." It was agr~ed that Indians should work with landless non-Indians to develop a plan which provides land to the latter, expels non-Indian settlers from Indian land, and fixes legal, permanent boundaries for Indian communities. Independently of govern ment progress on these issues, Indian communities must proceed with self-demarcation, not only to promote recognition by outsiders of Indian rights but also to develop consciousness of self-determination within Indian communities. ( 4) The structure of UNI. Sixteen Indian nations have joined UNI, raising membership to 60 of the 180 Indian nations in Brazil. Five regional councils were created to facilitate internal activity. The non-authoritarian nature of UNI's relationship with Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 11 �UNI sup- nations was the ~ "Indians of Brazil Latin America of lfle must the combat 3,000 Indians three states blockaded a in southwestern Parana, the next state south of Sao Paulo, for days in early June and settler families from Indian land, the most recent incidents in a the reserve to by and Guarani communities land. The blockade ended with an agreement that the communities will receive financial for land taken by a a hydroelectric electric line on the reserve and that there courts of a by a firm. reserve dates from the 19th century, when Indian communities were land as • In 1903, .a reduced area of about 18,000 hectares was by the after invasions by non-Indian and lumber interests. In 1949, 9 of the 18,000 hectares were by the federal of a scheme to encourage non-Indian settlement in the area. In 1961, the government sold the land to a firm whom the Indians have blockade was lifted, and Guarani Indians continue have to initiate new blockades if a favorable the case is not announced soon. SAIIC has received news from Brazil from Rosaines Bay Area residents who are currently research work for a film they to make on Amazonia. Glenn of the film "The Four Corners: A National Sacrifice They write, "FUNAI (the government agency in charge of Indian affairs) is especially interesting, since the 'colonels' are now gone. There are a number of activists working there who are truly interested in redefining FUNAI's inaction Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 12 �and on Indian • Of course, the people at the are still very vulnerable to outside pressures (from the Minister of Interior or even the President)." Also, "Recently the Brazilian authorities have exposed an illegal scheme to occupy and the resources of the Rio Mequens Indian reserve in Rondonia. Officials charge that a consortium of wealthy landholders from the south of Brazil drew up a plan to divide the land of the Makurap and Sakurap people, and to expand a logging operation that is already responsible for the exploitation of millions of dollars in rare tropical hardwoods from the reserve. The loggers have cut a network of roads through the area, including one through the middle of an Indian village and another through a cemetery. "Federal police also ordered the closing of a sawmill belonging to Lavrama, Brazil's second largest exporter of lumber. The police confiscated $40,000 worth of mahogany and other hardwoods and plan further legal action against Lavrama which has illegally operated the sawmill within the boundaries of the Indian area since 1981. These woods command extravagant prices from consumers in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East. "The Indians of the Mequens reserve were first contacted by rubber traders during the 1940's, and today they gather and sell rubber in order to obtain products such as cooking oil, salt, and rifles and ammunition for hunting. The logging companies have destroyed thousands of rubber trees on the reserve. "The police action coordinated by FUNAI is one of the strongest measures yet taken to enforce the demarcation of Indian lands in Brazil." SAIIC hosts "The South American Indian Update" the first Friday of each month at 8:00 P.M. on KPFA (FM94.1) in northern California. The program includes interviews with South American Indians regarding current issues, an update of recent events in South America from an Indian perspective, and traditional and modern South American Indian music. Listen in. If you are beyond our range, you can order a cassette of the latest program from SAIIC by sending $8.00 to: American Friends Service Committee/ SAIIC, P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, CA 94707. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 13 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brazil Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Brazil Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (11-13).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Sixty leaders of 32 Indian nations met under the auspices of the Union of Indigenous Nations in Goiania, capital of the central state of Goias. Issue 1 Pages 11-13 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Language English Brazil Goiania Mato Grosso Poratim http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/8e1fb656f2122095030d940f24c146c0.pdf 7850bac1d749ae0494a2123f5f3be2e4 PDF Text Text CHILE The on-going conflict between the inhuman dictatorship of General Pinochet and grassroots organizations continues to effect the Mapuche. On September 3, in Temuco, 300 miles south of Santiago, paramilitary commandos fired at the office of the Mapuche organization AD-MAPU. There were no casualties. As a result of international pressure the Mapuche leader Jose Santos Millao was released after several months of internal exile. Also the Painemal brothers who had been accused of having explosives were set free. BRAZIL Sixty leaders of 32 Indian nations met under the auspices of the Union of Indigenous Nations (Uniao das Nacoes Indigenas--UNI) in Goiania, capital of the central state of Goias, from June 9-13. According to Poratim (subscription $15; send a bank order to CIMI/PORATIM, Edificio Venancio III, Sala 310, Caixa Postal 11-1159, CEP 70084, Brasilia, DF, Brasil), the main issues discussed were: (1) The Indian policies of the civilian federal government which took office earlier this year after 21 years of military rule. The feeling of Indian leaders was summarized by Paulo Nonda of the Xavante community of Sangradouro in Mato Grosso, who said, "Nothing is going to change. (President) Sarney is very weak. He's afraid of the big landowners and the military." The meeting specifically rejected a plan to shift responsibility for the administration of economic policy toward Indian communities from federal to state governments. (2) The form of Indian participation in elections to the assembly which will constitution for BraziL The meeting reiterated that Indian nations should elect their own representatives to the assembly rather than participate in a process dominated by non-Indian political parties. (3) Agrarian reform and demarcation of Indian land. "Agrarian reform must be accomplished, but not at the expense of the land of Indian communities." It was agr~ed that Indians should work with landless non-Indians to develop a plan which provides land to the latter, expels non-Indian settlers from Indian land, and fixes legal, permanent boundaries for Indian communities. Independently of govern ment progress on these issues, Indian communities must proceed with self-demarcation, not only to promote recognition by outsiders of Indian rights but also to develop consciousness of self-determination within Indian communities. ( 4) The structure of UNI. Sixteen Indian nations have joined UNI, raising membership to 60 of the 180 Indian nations in Brazil. Five regional councils were created to facilitate internal activity. The non-authoritarian nature of UNI's relationship with Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 11 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Chile Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (11).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 Pages 11 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Abstract Note The on-going conflict between the inhuman dictatorship of General Pinochet and grassroots organizations continues to effect the Mapuche. On September 3, in Temuco, 300 miles south of Santiago, paramilitary commandos fired at the office of the Mapuche organization AD-MAPU. Language English Chile Mapuche Pinochet http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/8180f3e410848681c834a59e5a2bd54c.pdf e95fb975937970310054693980cd8f34 PDF Text Text "(In Guatemala) • • • a lethal counterinsurgency • . . has claimed the lives of tens of thousands of Maya Indians. The majority of victims • . • have been unarmed, non-partisan villagers, some of whom have met their deaths in the most bestial and barbarous ~lays imaginable." (George lovell, "From Conquest to Counterinsurgency," Cultural Survival Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1985, p. 48. To subscribe, send $20 to Cultural Survival Quarterly, ll Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138.) PERU Micaela Bastidas Women's Organization (Comunidad Femenina Micaela Bastidas, Tarata 211, Lima 100, Peru) sends the following information: "We are an organization of Indian women who seek alternative solutions to the problems that face Peruvian society, knowing that it is women and men who are responsible for socio-economic, political and religious transformation. "Indian philosophy explains the universe as an ongoing transformation of two opposite but necessary and complementary elements represented by men and women. Micaela Bastidas, wife of Tupac Amaru, was the outstanding Indian heroine in this part of the continent. She was her husband's principal political advisor in their struggle for the liberty of our people. We see the role of Micaela as a symbol and model in our work. Our efforts are focused currently on four projects: legal and workers rights for women, workshop in art and culture, publications, and a nutrition and food resource project." BOLIVIA Boletin Chitakolla (subscription $10; Casilla 20214, Correa Central, La Paz, Bolivia) reports that the Summer Institute of Linguistics officially concluded 30 years of missionary work in Bolivia on September 4, 1985. Increased Indian disputes with SIL had led to their leaving many areas, often in spite of support by state governments. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 10 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Peru, Bolivia, and a Quote from "From Conquest to Counterinsurgency" Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Peru, Bolivia, and a Quote from "From Conquest to Counterinsurgency" Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (10).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Peru, Bolivia, and a Quote from "From Conquest to Counterinsurgency" Issue 1 Pages 10 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Language English Boletin Chitakolla Bolivia Peru http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/63e5d492507668aed27459126ebe5de3.pdf d0d1b8e9b5af63bba530ca3edf6d9394 PDF Text Text trialized, non-Indian societies which surround them. But they a means of selfdetermination which Indian communities can reach accommodations with the outside world on Indian terms. In the case of the Kuna, community autonomy also provides a model of participatory democracy which non-Indian communities would do well to heed. '· "' " Hammer MEXICO Alvaro Vasquez, representative of the Assembly of Zapotec and Chinantec Peoples of the Oaxaca Sierra (Asamblea del Pueblo Zapoteca y Chinanteca de las Sierras de Oaxaca), was in the San francisco Bay Area to organize an exposition of Zapotec-Chinantec lithographs and to show videos about his people. For information regarding the Zapotec-Chinantec newspaper write: Topil, c/o Miguel Cabrera, 351-1 C.P., Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico. 0 ..Cl 0 ....J u1 ., 0 +J 0 COLOMBIA ..c: c.. Alvaro Vasquez speaking On June 29th the Colombian army bombed the municipality on SAIIC's radio show. of Caldono, destroying 16 houses and many crops. In other land-based operations the army searched homes, stealing cattle, chickens and household items. Similar violations took place in the Indian community of Pueblo Nuevo on July l. Prior to that, the village of Tacueyo had been bornbarded twice, and the villages of Corinto and Jambalo once each. The army changed its tactics against alleged rural guerrilla forces from bombarding the mountains to directly bombarding the areas occupied by Indian villages, which have suffered constant hostilities due to the militarization of the Cauca region. The worsening situation of Indian communities is also demonstrated by the death of Maximiliano Quiguanas, the president of a local cooperative, who was killed while working. (From Unidad Indigene, Colombia) ECUADOR Ecuador, along with Bolivia and Peru, is one of the countries in South America with the highest Indian population. It is estimated that 50% of Ecuador's 7 million inhabitants are Indian. The thirteen Indian nations in Ecuador are in three distinct regions: the Andean region (Quichua), the Pacific coast region, and the Amazon jungle region. The Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 8 �4122 Quito, materials caused extensive contamination Indian communities are affected these as their fish, a major food supply are killed. Also new illnesses between the coastal and mountain where the an illness that causes blindness. companies are backed the Ecuadorean such as the Summer Institute of Linbanned a decree written by Roldos. Roldos explosion which some believe was the CIA due to his his death, Roldos' successor did not the SIL was still a contract between SIL and the Ecuadorean conservative Leon Febres Cordero won election. the 's the was sworn in, he established the National Office of Nacional de Poblaciones , DNPI) with the stated and for Indian In response, the Indian Nacional de Coordinacion de las wrote a document on June 5, 1985 intent of also accuse the Indian to create appointing "Indian puppets," and of to effectively deal with any of the problems thus far before the agency by Indian The document continues that while the makes false our natural resources lumber, minerals, " The and Ampam document was signed by Manual Imbaquingo (CONACNIE), Bolivar Karakras (Shuar Federation). the rivers water becomes have been on Chachi Indians Often these government with The SIL Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 9 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ecuador Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Ecuador Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (8-9).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Ecuador, along with Bolivia and Peru, is one of the countries in South America with the highest Indian population. Issue 1 Pages 8-9 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Language English Chachi Ecuador Jaime Roldos. Quichua http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/8d1893836168716cb252513191d99654.pdf 4bc8d454c76b28c6ead8e669cf31e140 PDF Text Text trialized, non-Indian societies which surround them. But they a means of selfdetermination which Indian communities can reach accommodations with the outside world on Indian terms. In the case of the Kuna, community autonomy also provides a model of participatory democracy which non-Indian communities would do well to heed. '· "' " Hammer MEXICO Alvaro Vasquez, representative of the Assembly of Zapotec and Chinantec Peoples of the Oaxaca Sierra (Asamblea del Pueblo Zapoteca y Chinanteca de las Sierras de Oaxaca), was in the San francisco Bay Area to organize an exposition of Zapotec-Chinantec lithographs and to show videos about his people. For information regarding the Zapotec-Chinantec newspaper write: Topil, c/o Miguel Cabrera, 351-1 C.P., Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico. 0 ..Cl 0 ....J u1 ., 0 +J 0 COLOMBIA ..c: c.. Alvaro Vasquez speaking On June 29th the Colombian army bombed the municipality on SAIIC's radio show. of Caldono, destroying 16 houses and many crops. In other land-based operations the army searched homes, stealing cattle, chickens and household items. Similar violations took place in the Indian community of Pueblo Nuevo on July l. Prior to that, the village of Tacueyo had been bornbarded twice, and the villages of Corinto and Jambalo once each. The army changed its tactics against alleged rural guerrilla forces from bombarding the mountains to directly bombarding the areas occupied by Indian villages, which have suffered constant hostilities due to the militarization of the Cauca region. The worsening situation of Indian communities is also demonstrated by the death of Maximiliano Quiguanas, the president of a local cooperative, who was killed while working. (From Unidad Indigene, Colombia) ECUADOR Ecuador, along with Bolivia and Peru, is one of the countries in South America with the highest Indian population. It is estimated that 50% of Ecuador's 7 million inhabitants are Indian. The thirteen Indian nations in Ecuador are in three distinct regions: the Andean region (Quichua), the Pacific coast region, and the Amazon jungle region. The Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 8 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mexico and Colombia Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Mexico and Colombia Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (8).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Alvaro Vasquez, representative of the Assembly of Zapotec and Chinantec Peoples of the Oaxaca Sierra was in the San Francisco Bay Area to organize an exposition of Zapotec-Chinantec lithographs and to show videos about his people. Issue 1 Pages 8 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Language English Alvaro Vasquez Colombia Mexico Pueblo Nuevo http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/8acf4bd64a6d96c12f4a7384e98870cd.pdf 7d641602697c7c0f9ec228c5b1d723a5 PDF Text Text indigenous representing hundreds of nat ions who are for their liberation. For these not to be small and isolated ones, we must know and understand each other's efforts, and know that although cultures and the fundamental are similar. Understanding and strength are achieved respect and the right of all to be different and to develop fully. SAIIC relies on the contributions of its members and friends. Your support is needed and to assist us in continuing our newsletter, , radio program, and in sponsoring the visits of South American Indians. All contributions, which are tax deductible, will go directly to furthering SAIIC s work. Checks should be made out to the American Friends Service Committee/SAIIC and sent to P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, CA 94707. For more information about SAl IC 's work and the projects we are planning, please write us or call: (415) 521-2779 or 527-5687. Sincerely, Nilo Cayuqueo and the SAIIC Committee UNITED NATIONS WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS, July 29-August 2, 1985 Preparatory Meeting In preparation for the 4th session of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations, a meeting of indigenous representatives from throughout the world was held in Geneva, Switzerland, the week before the Working Group session. The five days of preparatory ,,, .. etings brought together more than 100 indigenous representatives who exchanged idea,;, C'.afted and endorsed a new Declaration of Principles on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted other joint proposals and achieved an unprecedented level of unity in relation to the Working Group. Among those participating in the preparatory meeting were the Union of Indigenous Nations (UNI) of Brazil; AIDESEP of Peru; CONFENI.l\E of Ecuador; CIDOB of Bolivia; Centro Chitakolla of Bolivia; The National Federation of Land Councils of Australia; The Center for Tribal Conscientization of India; Confederation Campesina del Peru; the South American Ifldian Council (CISA); CORPI (Central America); Movemiento de la Juventud Kuna of Panama; MISURASATA of Nicaragua; Coalition of first Nations, the Dine Nation, the Union of Ontario Indians, the Conne R-iver Micmacs and many others of Canada; the World Council of Indigenous Peoples, and many more. The sponsoring organizations were the Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ~SAIIC Page 2 �Indian Law Resource Center, Inuit Circumpolar Conference, International Indian Treaty Council, National Indian Youth Council, Four Directions Council, and National Aboriginal and Islander legal Serivces. To prepare for the Working Group session the representatives decided to develop a draft declaration of principles to assist the Working Group in carrying out its mandate of developing new standards. The draft Declaration of Principles was endorsed by six indigenous NGOs (non-government representatives to the United Nations) and more than 17 other indigenous organizations and groups. It is expected that future discussion of standards will focus on this draft and the changes and additions which are expected. In addition to adopting the Declaration of Principles, the participants in the meeting adopted two other proposals to be made to the Working Group. The first recommended that the members of the Working Group prepare a draft text of just two principles which would synthesize the proposals and drafts that had been submitted thus far. The principles would be those dealing with (1) land rights and (2) rights to culture, religion, education and language. The second recommendation asked the Working Group to take the necessary measures to have the U.N. Secretariate prepare an analytical compilation of the documents and other information received concerning indigenous peoples in various regions. The success of this year's preparatory meeting is encouraging because a very diverse group of indigenous organizations and individuals were able to develop unified proposals and act together in presenting them to the Working Group. The meetings proved to be an effective way to develop and implement a united strategy based upon the broadly shared human rights concerns of indigenous peoples. The experience gained this year and the relationships that have developed will permit even broader participation and greater unity next year. Working Group When the Working Group began its session on Monday, July 29th, well over two hundred people filled the meeting room, one of the largest available at U.N. facilities. Attendance was more than double that of last year and was predominantly made up of indigenous representatives. In addition, twenty countries and the Vatican had official observer delegations. Numerous non-indigenous support groups, human rights experts and non-government organizations were also present. This enormous show of interest is practically unprecedented for a working group and constitutes a strong political statement about the importance and urgency of the issues being considered by the Working Group. According to the Working Group's plan of action, the Group was to consider this year the right of indigenous populations to develop their own culture, traditions, langu13ges and way of life, including the rights to freedom of religion and traditional religious practices. These matters were Vol. z, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 3 �given consideration but as indigenous speakers focused primary attention on the of self-determination and land Again this year, many speakers were interrupted by the Chair when the Chair regarded statements as country. The Group is sensitive because many nations will try to put an end. to the Working about allowing Group if it becomes a "chamber of • " On the other hand it is difficult to without giving the impression of making • It is discuss human rights generally agreed that Indian must continue to explain to the Group that such statements are not but are discussions of developments affecting the human rights of indigenous peoples. International Indian Treaty Council feel that the primary benefits of the Working Group are indigenous peoples coming together to speak for themselves with their united strength, advocating for positive • In the past, it was governments which caused and perpetuated the intolerable conditions under which nous live who had a voice in the U.N. Since the first session of the Working Group many important paints have been to world-wide attention. from materials sent to SAIIC the Indian Law Resource Center and the International Indian Council.) DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES 1. Indigenous nations and peoples have, in common with all the to life and to freedom from oppression, discrimination, and aggression. 2. All indigenous nations and peoples have the right to self-determination, virtue of which they have the right to whatever degree of autonomy or This includes the right to own economic, social, and cultural determine their own membership and/or citizenship, without external interference. 3. No State shall assert any jurisdiction over an indigenous nation or people, or its territory, except in accordance with the freely expressed wishes of the nation or concerned. 4. Indigenous nations and peoples are entitled to the permanent control and enjoyment of their aboriginal ancestral..-historical territories. This inc hAdes surface and subsurface rights, inland and coastal waters, renewable and nonrenewable resources, and the economies based on these resour~es. 5. Rights to share and use land, subject to the and inalienable title of the indigenous nation or people, may be granted by their free end informed consent, as evi- Vol. 2, no. l. >all, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 4 �danced in a valid treaty or agreement. of terra nullius and unila6. , conquest settlement on a teral legislation are never bases for States to claim or retain the territories of indigenous nations or 7. In cases where lands taken in violation of these have been settled, the indigenous nation or people concerned is entitled to immediate restitution. 8. No State shall participate of indigenous their territory. 9. The laws and customs of indigenous nations and must be recognized by States' legislative, administrative and judicial institutions and, in case of conflicts with State laws, shall take precedence. 10. No State shall deny an indigenous nation, community, or people residing within its borders the right to participate in the life of the State in whatever manner and to whatever degree they may choose. ll. Indigenous nations and peoples continue to own and control their material cultut'e, including Bt'cheological, historical and sacred sites, artifacts, designs, knowledge, and works of art. 12. Indigenous nations and peoples have the right to be educated and conduct business with States in their own languages, and to establish their own educational institutions. l3. No technical, scienti fie or social investigations, including archeological excavations, shall take place in relation to indigenous nations or peoples, or their lands, without their prior authorization, and their continuing ownership and control. 14. The. religious practices of indigenous nations and peoples shall be fully respected and protected by the laws of States and by international law. 15. Indigenous nations and peoples are subjects of international law. 16. Treaties and other agreements freely made with indigenous nations or peoples shall be recognized and applied in the same manner and according to the same international laws and principles as treaties and agreements entered into with other States. 17. Disputes regarding the jurisdiction, terri tor ies and institutions of an indigenous nation or people are a proper concern of internet ional law, and must be resolved by mutual agreement or valid treaty. 18. Indigenous nations and peoples may engage in self -defense against State actions in conflict with their right to self-detet'mination. 19. Indigenous nations and peoples have the right to travel freely, and to maintain economic, social, cultural and religious relations with each other across State borders. 20. In addition to these rights, indigenous nations and peoples are entitled to the enjoyment of all the human rights and fundamental freedoms enumerated in the international Bill of Rights and other United Nations instruments. Vol. Z, no. l. fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 5 �THE KUNA: THE BENEFITS OF INDIAN AUTONOMY The between Indian people and the political and economic structures of the non-Indian societies around them remains an important issue today, nearly 500 years after the European invasion of the New World began. In Chile, where the Mapuche are struggling to maintain communal land rights in the face of a privatization campaign by the Pinochet government, in Brazil, where Indians are demanding the right to elect their own representatives to the assembly which will write Brazil's new constitution, and in Nicaragua, where the goals of the Miskitu, Sumu, and Rama people have been complicated by the United States government's efforts to end the Sandinista revolution, Indian people are promoting their rights as autonomous entities within non-Indian states. To better understand this concept, it is useful to examine the of the Kuna people of Panama, whose resistance to outside domination over the centuries has resulted in a legally-sanctioned, independent status which affords them considerable self-determination in their and economic affairs. The Kuna include 30,000 who live in some 60 villages in the Comarca of San Blas, a strip of land about 10 miles wide which runs about 130 miles along the Caribbean coast of eastern Panama (see map). Today most Kuna live on a string of small coral islands located a mile or so off the coast, but during the colonial period their villages were located on the isolated upper reaches of the mountain rivers of the Darien isthmus. Secure in the rugged mountain terrain, the Kuna successfully resisted all Spanish efforts to settle in the region. Although they traded regularly with French, English, and other European rivals of the Spanish whose commercial interests brought them to the Darien coast, the Kuna never lost control of their land and were never subjected to European political authority. With the independence of the Spanish colonies early in the 19th century, Dar.ien was formally governed from distant Bogota, Colombia, and_ the diminished threat from Spanishspeaking authority combined with increased British commercial activity to encourage a gradual migration of Kuna out of the mountains to the healthier coastal islands where they cultivated coconuts for sale to British ships. Panama's secession from Colombia early in the 20th century made Kuna territory a disputed frontier between the two nat ions, and Panama sent police into the area to secure Panamanian authority. Missionaries settled permanently among the Kuna for the first time, and the development of the Panama Canal brought industrial technology and its cultural values to the Kuna front door. Conflict between Kuna who encouraged adaptation of new ways and those who l resisted change erupted in a rebellion by the traditionalists in 1925. They Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 6 �Panamanian authorities and were former United States 1953 the San Blas reserve the area. The benefits on them to maintain community communities makes it home to seek elsewhere the which is often difficult work in urban areas. has meant that local community assemblies have as the Political authority among the Kuna. Each holds secular or relialmost every • Leaders are elected to serve as heads, secretaries, policemen, managers of communal tasks and rituals, and in other , but the community assembly exercizes ultimate on all substantial issues. The assembly functions, social services, and communal work , such as coconut farms and house construction, resolves members, establishes for relations with outsiders, and monitors travel of community members. leaders travel frequently to communities to discuss common issues, and three local leaders ly. Each is not such that decisions on local communities. from all Kuna communities in semi-annual congresses, but there is of the Kuna nation. The government of Panama appoints a non-Kuna of the Comarca of San Blas, but his authority does not extend to the internal affairs of Kuna communities. The Kuna choose three representatives to the Panamanian national institutions do not eliminate the numerous Autonomous economic and problems that develop from the clash of traditional Indian cultures with the indus- Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 7 �trialized, non-Indian societies which surround them. But they a means of selfdetermination which Indian communities can reach accommodations with the outside world on Indian terms. In the case of the Kuna, community autonomy also provides a model of participatory democracy which non-Indian communities would do well to heed. '· "' " Hammer MEXICO Alvaro Vasquez, representative of the Assembly of Zapotec and Chinantec Peoples of the Oaxaca Sierra (Asamblea del Pueblo Zapoteca y Chinanteca de las Sierras de Oaxaca), was in the San francisco Bay Area to organize an exposition of Zapotec-Chinantec lithographs and to show videos about his people. For information regarding the Zapotec-Chinantec newspaper write: Topil, c/o Miguel Cabrera, 351-1 C.P., Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico. 0 ..Cl 0 ....J u1 ., 0 +J 0 COLOMBIA ..c: c.. Alvaro Vasquez speaking On June 29th the Colombian army bombed the municipality on SAIIC's radio show. of Caldono, destroying 16 houses and many crops. In other land-based operations the army searched homes, stealing cattle, chickens and household items. Similar violations took place in the Indian community of Pueblo Nuevo on July l. Prior to that, the village of Tacueyo had been bornbarded twice, and the villages of Corinto and Jambalo once each. The army changed its tactics against alleged rural guerrilla forces from bombarding the mountains to directly bombarding the areas occupied by Indian villages, which have suffered constant hostilities due to the militarization of the Cauca region. The worsening situation of Indian communities is also demonstrated by the death of Maximiliano Quiguanas, the president of a local cooperative, who was killed while working. (From Unidad Indigene, Colombia) ECUADOR Ecuador, along with Bolivia and Peru, is one of the countries in South America with the highest Indian population. It is estimated that 50% of Ecuador's 7 million inhabitants are Indian. The thirteen Indian nations in Ecuador are in three distinct regions: the Andean region (Quichua), the Pacific coast region, and the Amazon jungle region. The Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 8 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource United Nations Working group on Indigenous Populations, July 29 - August 2, 1985 Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title United Nations Working group on Indigenous Populations, July 29 - August 2, 1985 Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (2-8).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Pages 2-8 Abstract Note In preparation for the 4th session of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations, a meeting of indigenous representatives from throughout the world was held in Geneva, Switzerland, the week before the Working Group session. Language English Geneva Switzerland UNITED NATIONS WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/7f39ad65de736fb736a7e6e4187a483b.pdf 9e85d45f6130613e3d2d90a8385b22a2 PDF Text Text N E WS L E T T E R P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, California 94707 - USA Phone 415-521-2779 Dear Sisters and Brothers, Once again, thank you for your support. We have received many letters with positive comments which we greatly appreciate as they stimulate us to continue with our task of offering information concerning Indian peoples of the Americas. Phillip Deere and Dan Bamberry have left us and returned to Mather Earth, who receives them with open arms. As sons of the oppressed, and as Indian people, they have fought for our ancestral rights. Their spirits and memories will continue to live among us, crossing the four winds, and living in each person who fights for Indian liberation. These are crucial times. Due to the lack of social responsibility on the part of those who would colonize others, all humanity is in danger. Nuclear arms multiply, oppressing all life on earth with the threat that they may be used as they w~re 1, 1945 in Japan. If the is to reach peace, all of us who love Mother Earth and all that she stands for should be to support her. But this must not be a peace of the dead or one that maintains the status quo of oppression which the colonialists have practiced for centuries in our America, For us, peace means the elimination forever of the systems of exploitation brought primarily from Europe and imposed by force on indigenous people and maintained through fire and blood by the United States of North America. Peace means to acknowledge ancestral land rights, and no matter how small these lands may be, to respect self determination now and for future generations. Traditional people, those who have always lived on this continent, must be an active force in seeking peace. Every day there are increasing numbers of people who rebel against oppression, struggling in different ways for justice and a better future. SAIIC tries to contribute our grain of sand by informing people of the existence of many millions of Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. @SAIIC Page l �indigenous representing hundreds of nat ions who are for their liberation. For these not to be small and isolated ones, we must know and understand each other's efforts, and know that although cultures and the fundamental are similar. Understanding and strength are achieved respect and the right of all to be different and to develop fully. SAIIC relies on the contributions of its members and friends. Your support is needed and to assist us in continuing our newsletter, , radio program, and in sponsoring the visits of South American Indians. All contributions, which are tax deductible, will go directly to furthering SAIIC s work. Checks should be made out to the American Friends Service Committee/SAIIC and sent to P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, CA 94707. For more information about SAl IC 's work and the projects we are planning, please write us or call: (415) 521-2779 or 527-5687. Sincerely, Nilo Cayuqueo and the SAIIC Committee UNITED NATIONS WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS, July 29-August 2, 1985 Preparatory Meeting In preparation for the 4th session of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations, a meeting of indigenous representatives from throughout the world was held in Geneva, Switzerland, the week before the Working Group session. The five days of preparatory ,,, .. etings brought together more than 100 indigenous representatives who exchanged idea,;, C'.afted and endorsed a new Declaration of Principles on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted other joint proposals and achieved an unprecedented level of unity in relation to the Working Group. Among those participating in the preparatory meeting were the Union of Indigenous Nations (UNI) of Brazil; AIDESEP of Peru; CONFENI.l\E of Ecuador; CIDOB of Bolivia; Centro Chitakolla of Bolivia; The National Federation of Land Councils of Australia; The Center for Tribal Conscientization of India; Confederation Campesina del Peru; the South American Ifldian Council (CISA); CORPI (Central America); Movemiento de la Juventud Kuna of Panama; MISURASATA of Nicaragua; Coalition of first Nations, the Dine Nation, the Union of Ontario Indians, the Conne R-iver Micmacs and many others of Canada; the World Council of Indigenous Peoples, and many more. The sponsoring organizations were the Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ~SAIIC Page 2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thank You to Subscribers and Donors and Statement of Mission Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Thank You to Subscribers and Donors and Statement of Mission Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 1, no. 2 (1-2).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 Volume 2 Language English Author Cayuqueo, Nilo Abstract Note Letter of Appreciation Pages 1-2 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/52a5bb6cc018c4bee57a0bfbab130c1f.pdf 78bd0af72a8ded0c4c18123e1f4ec32c PDF Text Text N E WS L E T T E R P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, California 94707 - USA Phone 415-521-2779 Dear Sisters and Brothers, Once again, thank you for your support. We have received many letters with positive comments which we greatly appreciate as they stimulate us to continue with our task of offering information concerning Indian peoples of the Americas. Phillip Deere and Dan Bamberry have left us and returned to Mather Earth, who receives them with open arms. As sons of the oppressed, and as Indian people, they have fought for our ancestral rights. Their spirits and memories will continue to live among us, crossing the four winds, and living in each person who fights for Indian liberation. These are crucial times. Due to the lack of social responsibility on the part of those who would colonize others, all humanity is in danger. Nuclear arms multiply, oppressing all life on earth with the threat that they may be used as they w~re 1, 1945 in Japan. If the is to reach peace, all of us who love Mother Earth and all that she stands for should be to support her. But this must not be a peace of the dead or one that maintains the status quo of oppression which the colonialists have practiced for centuries in our America, For us, peace means the elimination forever of the systems of exploitation brought primarily from Europe and imposed by force on indigenous people and maintained through fire and blood by the United States of North America. Peace means to acknowledge ancestral land rights, and no matter how small these lands may be, to respect self determination now and for future generations. Traditional people, those who have always lived on this continent, must be an active force in seeking peace. Every day there are increasing numbers of people who rebel against oppression, struggling in different ways for justice and a better future. SAIIC tries to contribute our grain of sand by informing people of the existence of many millions of Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. @SAIIC Page l �indigenous representing hundreds of nat ions who are for their liberation. For these not to be small and isolated ones, we must know and understand each other's efforts, and know that although cultures and the fundamental are similar. Understanding and strength are achieved respect and the right of all to be different and to develop fully. SAIIC relies on the contributions of its members and friends. Your support is needed and to assist us in continuing our newsletter, , radio program, and in sponsoring the visits of South American Indians. All contributions, which are tax deductible, will go directly to furthering SAIIC s work. Checks should be made out to the American Friends Service Committee/SAIIC and sent to P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, CA 94707. For more information about SAl IC 's work and the projects we are planning, please write us or call: (415) 521-2779 or 527-5687. Sincerely, Nilo Cayuqueo and the SAIIC Committee UNITED NATIONS WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS, July 29-August 2, 1985 Preparatory Meeting In preparation for the 4th session of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations, a meeting of indigenous representatives from throughout the world was held in Geneva, Switzerland, the week before the Working Group session. The five days of preparatory ,,, .. etings brought together more than 100 indigenous representatives who exchanged idea,;, C'.afted and endorsed a new Declaration of Principles on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted other joint proposals and achieved an unprecedented level of unity in relation to the Working Group. Among those participating in the preparatory meeting were the Union of Indigenous Nations (UNI) of Brazil; AIDESEP of Peru; CONFENI.l\E of Ecuador; CIDOB of Bolivia; Centro Chitakolla of Bolivia; The National Federation of Land Councils of Australia; The Center for Tribal Conscientization of India; Confederation Campesina del Peru; the South American Ifldian Council (CISA); CORPI (Central America); Movemiento de la Juventud Kuna of Panama; MISURASATA of Nicaragua; Coalition of first Nations, the Dine Nation, the Union of Ontario Indians, the Conne R-iver Micmacs and many others of Canada; the World Council of Indigenous Peoples, and many more. The sponsoring organizations were the Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ~SAIIC Page 2 �Indian Law Resource Center, Inuit Circumpolar Conference, International Indian Treaty Council, National Indian Youth Council, Four Directions Council, and National Aboriginal and Islander legal Serivces. To prepare for the Working Group session the representatives decided to develop a draft declaration of principles to assist the Working Group in carrying out its mandate of developing new standards. The draft Declaration of Principles was endorsed by six indigenous NGOs (non-government representatives to the United Nations) and more than 17 other indigenous organizations and groups. It is expected that future discussion of standards will focus on this draft and the changes and additions which are expected. In addition to adopting the Declaration of Principles, the participants in the meeting adopted two other proposals to be made to the Working Group. The first recommended that the members of the Working Group prepare a draft text of just two principles which would synthesize the proposals and drafts that had been submitted thus far. The principles would be those dealing with (1) land rights and (2) rights to culture, religion, education and language. The second recommendation asked the Working Group to take the necessary measures to have the U.N. Secretariate prepare an analytical compilation of the documents and other information received concerning indigenous peoples in various regions. The success of this year's preparatory meeting is encouraging because a very diverse group of indigenous organizations and individuals were able to develop unified proposals and act together in presenting them to the Working Group. The meetings proved to be an effective way to develop and implement a united strategy based upon the broadly shared human rights concerns of indigenous peoples. The experience gained this year and the relationships that have developed will permit even broader participation and greater unity next year. Working Group When the Working Group began its session on Monday, July 29th, well over two hundred people filled the meeting room, one of the largest available at U.N. facilities. Attendance was more than double that of last year and was predominantly made up of indigenous representatives. In addition, twenty countries and the Vatican had official observer delegations. Numerous non-indigenous support groups, human rights experts and non-government organizations were also present. This enormous show of interest is practically unprecedented for a working group and constitutes a strong political statement about the importance and urgency of the issues being considered by the Working Group. According to the Working Group's plan of action, the Group was to consider this year the right of indigenous populations to develop their own culture, traditions, langu13ges and way of life, including the rights to freedom of religion and traditional religious practices. These matters were Vol. z, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 3 �given consideration but as indigenous speakers focused primary attention on the of self-determination and land Again this year, many speakers were interrupted by the Chair when the Chair regarded statements as country. The Group is sensitive because many nations will try to put an end. to the Working about allowing Group if it becomes a "chamber of • " On the other hand it is difficult to without giving the impression of making • It is discuss human rights generally agreed that Indian must continue to explain to the Group that such statements are not but are discussions of developments affecting the human rights of indigenous peoples. International Indian Treaty Council feel that the primary benefits of the Working Group are indigenous peoples coming together to speak for themselves with their united strength, advocating for positive • In the past, it was governments which caused and perpetuated the intolerable conditions under which nous live who had a voice in the U.N. Since the first session of the Working Group many important paints have been to world-wide attention. from materials sent to SAIIC the Indian Law Resource Center and the International Indian Council.) DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES 1. Indigenous nations and peoples have, in common with all the to life and to freedom from oppression, discrimination, and aggression. 2. All indigenous nations and peoples have the right to self-determination, virtue of which they have the right to whatever degree of autonomy or This includes the right to own economic, social, and cultural determine their own membership and/or citizenship, without external interference. 3. No State shall assert any jurisdiction over an indigenous nation or people, or its territory, except in accordance with the freely expressed wishes of the nation or concerned. 4. Indigenous nations and peoples are entitled to the permanent control and enjoyment of their aboriginal ancestral..-historical territories. This inc hAdes surface and subsurface rights, inland and coastal waters, renewable and nonrenewable resources, and the economies based on these resour~es. 5. Rights to share and use land, subject to the and inalienable title of the indigenous nation or people, may be granted by their free end informed consent, as evi- Vol. 2, no. l. >all, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 4 �danced in a valid treaty or agreement. of terra nullius and unila6. , conquest settlement on a teral legislation are never bases for States to claim or retain the territories of indigenous nations or 7. In cases where lands taken in violation of these have been settled, the indigenous nation or people concerned is entitled to immediate restitution. 8. No State shall participate of indigenous their territory. 9. The laws and customs of indigenous nations and must be recognized by States' legislative, administrative and judicial institutions and, in case of conflicts with State laws, shall take precedence. 10. No State shall deny an indigenous nation, community, or people residing within its borders the right to participate in the life of the State in whatever manner and to whatever degree they may choose. ll. Indigenous nations and peoples continue to own and control their material cultut'e, including Bt'cheological, historical and sacred sites, artifacts, designs, knowledge, and works of art. 12. Indigenous nations and peoples have the right to be educated and conduct business with States in their own languages, and to establish their own educational institutions. l3. No technical, scienti fie or social investigations, including archeological excavations, shall take place in relation to indigenous nations or peoples, or their lands, without their prior authorization, and their continuing ownership and control. 14. The. religious practices of indigenous nations and peoples shall be fully respected and protected by the laws of States and by international law. 15. Indigenous nations and peoples are subjects of international law. 16. Treaties and other agreements freely made with indigenous nations or peoples shall be recognized and applied in the same manner and according to the same international laws and principles as treaties and agreements entered into with other States. 17. Disputes regarding the jurisdiction, terri tor ies and institutions of an indigenous nation or people are a proper concern of internet ional law, and must be resolved by mutual agreement or valid treaty. 18. Indigenous nations and peoples may engage in self -defense against State actions in conflict with their right to self-detet'mination. 19. Indigenous nations and peoples have the right to travel freely, and to maintain economic, social, cultural and religious relations with each other across State borders. 20. In addition to these rights, indigenous nations and peoples are entitled to the enjoyment of all the human rights and fundamental freedoms enumerated in the international Bill of Rights and other United Nations instruments. Vol. Z, no. l. fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 5 �THE KUNA: THE BENEFITS OF INDIAN AUTONOMY The between Indian people and the political and economic structures of the non-Indian societies around them remains an important issue today, nearly 500 years after the European invasion of the New World began. In Chile, where the Mapuche are struggling to maintain communal land rights in the face of a privatization campaign by the Pinochet government, in Brazil, where Indians are demanding the right to elect their own representatives to the assembly which will write Brazil's new constitution, and in Nicaragua, where the goals of the Miskitu, Sumu, and Rama people have been complicated by the United States government's efforts to end the Sandinista revolution, Indian people are promoting their rights as autonomous entities within non-Indian states. To better understand this concept, it is useful to examine the of the Kuna people of Panama, whose resistance to outside domination over the centuries has resulted in a legally-sanctioned, independent status which affords them considerable self-determination in their and economic affairs. The Kuna include 30,000 who live in some 60 villages in the Comarca of San Blas, a strip of land about 10 miles wide which runs about 130 miles along the Caribbean coast of eastern Panama (see map). Today most Kuna live on a string of small coral islands located a mile or so off the coast, but during the colonial period their villages were located on the isolated upper reaches of the mountain rivers of the Darien isthmus. Secure in the rugged mountain terrain, the Kuna successfully resisted all Spanish efforts to settle in the region. Although they traded regularly with French, English, and other European rivals of the Spanish whose commercial interests brought them to the Darien coast, the Kuna never lost control of their land and were never subjected to European political authority. With the independence of the Spanish colonies early in the 19th century, Dar.ien was formally governed from distant Bogota, Colombia, and_ the diminished threat from Spanishspeaking authority combined with increased British commercial activity to encourage a gradual migration of Kuna out of the mountains to the healthier coastal islands where they cultivated coconuts for sale to British ships. Panama's secession from Colombia early in the 20th century made Kuna territory a disputed frontier between the two nat ions, and Panama sent police into the area to secure Panamanian authority. Missionaries settled permanently among the Kuna for the first time, and the development of the Panama Canal brought industrial technology and its cultural values to the Kuna front door. Conflict between Kuna who encouraged adaptation of new ways and those who l resisted change erupted in a rebellion by the traditionalists in 1925. They Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 6 �Panamanian authorities and were former United States 1953 the San Blas reserve the area. The benefits on them to maintain community communities makes it home to seek elsewhere the which is often difficult work in urban areas. has meant that local community assemblies have as the Political authority among the Kuna. Each holds secular or relialmost every • Leaders are elected to serve as heads, secretaries, policemen, managers of communal tasks and rituals, and in other , but the community assembly exercizes ultimate on all substantial issues. The assembly functions, social services, and communal work , such as coconut farms and house construction, resolves members, establishes for relations with outsiders, and monitors travel of community members. leaders travel frequently to communities to discuss common issues, and three local leaders ly. Each is not such that decisions on local communities. from all Kuna communities in semi-annual congresses, but there is of the Kuna nation. The government of Panama appoints a non-Kuna of the Comarca of San Blas, but his authority does not extend to the internal affairs of Kuna communities. The Kuna choose three representatives to the Panamanian national institutions do not eliminate the numerous Autonomous economic and problems that develop from the clash of traditional Indian cultures with the indus- Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 7 �trialized, non-Indian societies which surround them. But they a means of selfdetermination which Indian communities can reach accommodations with the outside world on Indian terms. In the case of the Kuna, community autonomy also provides a model of participatory democracy which non-Indian communities would do well to heed. '· "' " Hammer MEXICO Alvaro Vasquez, representative of the Assembly of Zapotec and Chinantec Peoples of the Oaxaca Sierra (Asamblea del Pueblo Zapoteca y Chinanteca de las Sierras de Oaxaca), was in the San francisco Bay Area to organize an exposition of Zapotec-Chinantec lithographs and to show videos about his people. For information regarding the Zapotec-Chinantec newspaper write: Topil, c/o Miguel Cabrera, 351-1 C.P., Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico. 0 ..Cl 0 ....J u1 ., 0 +J 0 COLOMBIA ..c: c.. Alvaro Vasquez speaking On June 29th the Colombian army bombed the municipality on SAIIC's radio show. of Caldono, destroying 16 houses and many crops. In other land-based operations the army searched homes, stealing cattle, chickens and household items. Similar violations took place in the Indian community of Pueblo Nuevo on July l. Prior to that, the village of Tacueyo had been bornbarded twice, and the villages of Corinto and Jambalo once each. The army changed its tactics against alleged rural guerrilla forces from bombarding the mountains to directly bombarding the areas occupied by Indian villages, which have suffered constant hostilities due to the militarization of the Cauca region. The worsening situation of Indian communities is also demonstrated by the death of Maximiliano Quiguanas, the president of a local cooperative, who was killed while working. (From Unidad Indigene, Colombia) ECUADOR Ecuador, along with Bolivia and Peru, is one of the countries in South America with the highest Indian population. It is estimated that 50% of Ecuador's 7 million inhabitants are Indian. The thirteen Indian nations in Ecuador are in three distinct regions: the Andean region (Quichua), the Pacific coast region, and the Amazon jungle region. The Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 8 �4122 Quito, materials caused extensive contamination Indian communities are affected these as their fish, a major food supply are killed. Also new illnesses between the coastal and mountain where the an illness that causes blindness. companies are backed the Ecuadorean such as the Summer Institute of Linbanned a decree written by Roldos. Roldos explosion which some believe was the CIA due to his his death, Roldos' successor did not the SIL was still a contract between SIL and the Ecuadorean conservative Leon Febres Cordero won election. the 's the was sworn in, he established the National Office of Nacional de Poblaciones , DNPI) with the stated and for Indian In response, the Indian Nacional de Coordinacion de las wrote a document on June 5, 1985 intent of also accuse the Indian to create appointing "Indian puppets," and of to effectively deal with any of the problems thus far before the agency by Indian The document continues that while the makes false our natural resources lumber, minerals, " The and Ampam document was signed by Manual Imbaquingo (CONACNIE), Bolivar Karakras (Shuar Federation). the rivers water becomes have been on Chachi Indians Often these government with The SIL Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 9 �"(In Guatemala) • • • a lethal counterinsurgency • . . has claimed the lives of tens of thousands of Maya Indians. The majority of victims • . • have been unarmed, non-partisan villagers, some of whom have met their deaths in the most bestial and barbarous ~lays imaginable." (George lovell, "From Conquest to Counterinsurgency," Cultural Survival Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1985, p. 48. To subscribe, send $20 to Cultural Survival Quarterly, ll Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138.) PERU Micaela Bastidas Women's Organization (Comunidad Femenina Micaela Bastidas, Tarata 211, Lima 100, Peru) sends the following information: "We are an organization of Indian women who seek alternative solutions to the problems that face Peruvian society, knowing that it is women and men who are responsible for socio-economic, political and religious transformation. "Indian philosophy explains the universe as an ongoing transformation of two opposite but necessary and complementary elements represented by men and women. Micaela Bastidas, wife of Tupac Amaru, was the outstanding Indian heroine in this part of the continent. She was her husband's principal political advisor in their struggle for the liberty of our people. We see the role of Micaela as a symbol and model in our work. Our efforts are focused currently on four projects: legal and workers rights for women, workshop in art and culture, publications, and a nutrition and food resource project." BOLIVIA Boletin Chitakolla (subscription $10; Casilla 20214, Correa Central, La Paz, Bolivia) reports that the Summer Institute of Linguistics officially concluded 30 years of missionary work in Bolivia on September 4, 1985. Increased Indian disputes with SIL had led to their leaving many areas, often in spite of support by state governments. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 10 �CHILE The on-going conflict between the inhuman dictatorship of General Pinochet and grassroots organizations continues to effect the Mapuche. On September 3, in Temuco, 300 miles south of Santiago, paramilitary commandos fired at the office of the Mapuche organization AD-MAPU. There were no casualties. As a result of international pressure the Mapuche leader Jose Santos Millao was released after several months of internal exile. Also the Painemal brothers who had been accused of having explosives were set free. BRAZIL Sixty leaders of 32 Indian nations met under the auspices of the Union of Indigenous Nations (Uniao das Nacoes Indigenas--UNI) in Goiania, capital of the central state of Goias, from June 9-13. According to Poratim (subscription $15; send a bank order to CIMI/PORATIM, Edificio Venancio III, Sala 310, Caixa Postal 11-1159, CEP 70084, Brasilia, DF, Brasil), the main issues discussed were: (1) The Indian policies of the civilian federal government which took office earlier this year after 21 years of military rule. The feeling of Indian leaders was summarized by Paulo Nonda of the Xavante community of Sangradouro in Mato Grosso, who said, "Nothing is going to change. (President) Sarney is very weak. He's afraid of the big landowners and the military." The meeting specifically rejected a plan to shift responsibility for the administration of economic policy toward Indian communities from federal to state governments. (2) The form of Indian participation in elections to the assembly which will constitution for BraziL The meeting reiterated that Indian nations should elect their own representatives to the assembly rather than participate in a process dominated by non-Indian political parties. (3) Agrarian reform and demarcation of Indian land. "Agrarian reform must be accomplished, but not at the expense of the land of Indian communities." It was agr~ed that Indians should work with landless non-Indians to develop a plan which provides land to the latter, expels non-Indian settlers from Indian land, and fixes legal, permanent boundaries for Indian communities. Independently of govern ment progress on these issues, Indian communities must proceed with self-demarcation, not only to promote recognition by outsiders of Indian rights but also to develop consciousness of self-determination within Indian communities. ( 4) The structure of UNI. Sixteen Indian nations have joined UNI, raising membership to 60 of the 180 Indian nations in Brazil. Five regional councils were created to facilitate internal activity. The non-authoritarian nature of UNI's relationship with Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 11 �UNI sup- nations was the ~ "Indians of Brazil Latin America of lfle must the combat 3,000 Indians three states blockaded a in southwestern Parana, the next state south of Sao Paulo, for days in early June and settler families from Indian land, the most recent incidents in a the reserve to by and Guarani communities land. The blockade ended with an agreement that the communities will receive financial for land taken by a a hydroelectric electric line on the reserve and that there courts of a by a firm. reserve dates from the 19th century, when Indian communities were land as • In 1903, .a reduced area of about 18,000 hectares was by the after invasions by non-Indian and lumber interests. In 1949, 9 of the 18,000 hectares were by the federal of a scheme to encourage non-Indian settlement in the area. In 1961, the government sold the land to a firm whom the Indians have blockade was lifted, and Guarani Indians continue have to initiate new blockades if a favorable the case is not announced soon. SAIIC has received news from Brazil from Rosaines Bay Area residents who are currently research work for a film they to make on Amazonia. Glenn of the film "The Four Corners: A National Sacrifice They write, "FUNAI (the government agency in charge of Indian affairs) is especially interesting, since the 'colonels' are now gone. There are a number of activists working there who are truly interested in redefining FUNAI's inaction Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 12 �and on Indian • Of course, the people at the are still very vulnerable to outside pressures (from the Minister of Interior or even the President)." Also, "Recently the Brazilian authorities have exposed an illegal scheme to occupy and the resources of the Rio Mequens Indian reserve in Rondonia. Officials charge that a consortium of wealthy landholders from the south of Brazil drew up a plan to divide the land of the Makurap and Sakurap people, and to expand a logging operation that is already responsible for the exploitation of millions of dollars in rare tropical hardwoods from the reserve. The loggers have cut a network of roads through the area, including one through the middle of an Indian village and another through a cemetery. "Federal police also ordered the closing of a sawmill belonging to Lavrama, Brazil's second largest exporter of lumber. The police confiscated $40,000 worth of mahogany and other hardwoods and plan further legal action against Lavrama which has illegally operated the sawmill within the boundaries of the Indian area since 1981. These woods command extravagant prices from consumers in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East. "The Indians of the Mequens reserve were first contacted by rubber traders during the 1940's, and today they gather and sell rubber in order to obtain products such as cooking oil, salt, and rifles and ammunition for hunting. The logging companies have destroyed thousands of rubber trees on the reserve. "The police action coordinated by FUNAI is one of the strongest measures yet taken to enforce the demarcation of Indian lands in Brazil." SAIIC hosts "The South American Indian Update" the first Friday of each month at 8:00 P.M. on KPFA (FM94.1) in northern California. The program includes interviews with South American Indians regarding current issues, an update of recent events in South America from an Indian perspective, and traditional and modern South American Indian music. Listen in. If you are beyond our range, you can order a cassette of the latest program from SAIIC by sending $8.00 to: American Friends Service Committee/ SAIIC, P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, CA 94707. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 13 �PHILLIP DEERE AND DAN BOMBERRY saddened his neck have eyes this and leaders Deere and the tha Dan found a clothes. Around of the Indian of the Indian that can see Deere and Mario Jaruna ) at the Russell Tribunal. Photo: Int'l Indian Treaty Council The young boy will into the sun. With the clear of warm air and we will hear the winds "From the south reeds and bamboos. The connecthe forest tion that we have our brothers from the south is also connected with the countries the whole universe. We felt that warm air, we felt that wind from the south, all over the world we have felt that warm air, this time, it is now time that we hear the winds through the forest of Brazil. It is time that we hear the winds the reeds and bamboos, that is music, that has a sound that has a rhythm that has been handed down for thousands and thousands of years. We are that are made and placed here for a purpose. Through many , through many years of and sufferings, we refuse to die. Thank you." (Phillip Deere, Closing Address at the Fourth Russell Tribunal, Rotterdam, 1980.) Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985, Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 14 �Dan Bomberry, who was Cayuga Indian, became a national leader among American Indian activists seeking economic and political soveriegnty and founded the country's first entirely Indianoperated foundation. He died of cancer on Friday, August 16, in San Francisco at the age of 40. The Tribal Soveriegnty Program, now called the Seventh Generation Fund, is named after the Iroquois principle by which all decisions must be made on behalf of the seventh generation of unborn to insure that the future is not irreparably harmed by present action. The Seventh Generation Fund is unique among foundations for concentrating on several critical areas: preservation of Indian ownership of land and resources; development of indigenous economic self-sufficiency projects which are free of the corporate world; programs to revitalize traditional forms of Indian governments; and support of native women's organizations and the strengthening of Indian families, Much emphasis in the Seventh Generation Fund is also to traditional Indian spiritual activities which are seen as of the fabric of traditional Indian economic and life. also founded a national newspaper, Native edited by Victoria Bomberry, which articulates the need for models of economic and the maintenance of Indian land Dan was also a national leader of to struggles of faced with government or corporate of the world, in Guatemala and Nicaragua, Dan a rare gift of warmth and vision for the future for Indian people and all communities. And he was a supporter and friend of SAIIC. We will miss him. --5. Lobo SAIIC welcomes our newest member, Rayen Cayuqueo Lowry, born August 17, and congratulates her parents, Peggy and Nilo. Vol. 2, no, l, Fall, 1985. Published quarterly, ®SAIIC Page 15 �James Muneta, who has been a frequent contributor of articles and illustrations to the SAIIC newsletter, as in our radio program, returned home of coordinator of programs for the Dine Center at Tsaile, Navajo Nation, Arizona. His perspective on international issues has broadened the understanding of all of us. He to continue as an active member of SAIIC with a southwestern perspective. He writes, "I miss my good friends in the Bay Area, but I must help my people. My clan is the red sand people and the earth here in Tsaile is red, which makes me feel very happy and peaceful. There are many sagebrush bushes and cedar trees here which are also sacred medicine herbs to the Dine." Photo: S. Lobo DAYS TO REMEMBER July l.t_ 1492 The Italian adventurer Christopher Columbus set sail from Puerto de Palos in Spain with three ships. He reached the American continent on October 12 of the same year. This voyage was the first of many negative events that affected Indian people during the following nearly five hundred years. August ~ 1532 The Inca leader Atahualpa was executed by order of Francisco Pizarro. In addition to the desecration of sacred temple and plundering, the death of Indian leaders were among the outrages the Indian people suffered during the Spanish conquest. August 26 ~ 'lJ...L 1780 Tupac Amaru, the Quechua leader in what is now Peru, and Tupac Katar i, leader in what is now Bolivia, initiated the liberation struggle against Spaniards occupying their land. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 16 �of Victor Paz Estenssoro, under pressure from the Indian law and as a result, a Indian land was returned to them. Paz Estenssoro is back in power, the Second Conference of the World in Kiruna, Sweden, Council of At the United Nations in a conference Americas. , Switzerland, the Non-Governmental discrimination (NGO' s) of the southwestern Mexico. unclear, but SAIIC expresses its support of efforts in the As we prepare communities is and assistance. BRIEFS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS Americanists professor of American Indian Studies and Anthropology at UCLA, attended the Americanists in Bogota, Colombia, July 1-7. She organized a symposium on and Its Consequences, and presented a paper on the effects of relocation for in the joint use area of Arizona. Her comments on the congress overall: "I didn't see that spirit I was looking for. Indigenous issues were sort of under the rug. Indians were only talked about as if were in the past, but the present was ignored." Why can't an international congress of Americanists do better than that? Video, and Photog£!!P.!:!Y A group of people working in film, video, and photography has meeting monthly in the San Francisco Bay Area. Indigenous concerns are a major focus of the group. If you are interested in attending, contact Leanna Wolfe, (415) 834-5740. Vol. 2, no. l, Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 17 �Delegation to Nicaragua Indian Health workers (non-medical included) are wanted for a trip to Nicaragua sponsored by Committee for Health Rights in Central America planned for the end of November. Partial scholarships are available. Contact Diane Williams at ( 415) 268-1627 for more information. 9th Inter-American Indian Congress The 9th Inter-American Indian Congress is planned for Santa Fe, New Mexico, from October 28 to November 1, 1985. The Congress is sponsored by the Inter-American Indian Institute with headquarters in Mexico City, and some 500 participants from throughout the hemisphere are expected to attend. Committees and working sessions will meet to consider a wide range of issues including Develop and Indian People, Cultural Policies and the Indian Community, Human Rights and the Indian World, and Indian Movements and Organizations in the Americas. for more information, write David Warren, United States Organizing Committee, 9th Inter-American Indian Congress, P.O. Box 519, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504-0519. East ~ Green Alliance There is a working group of the East Bay Green Alliance that focuses on Native American issues. For more information, contact linda Joslin, (415) 654-6141. SAIIC welcomes the energy and ideas of volunteers. We are also in need of the following equipment: a computer, typewriter, tape recorder, and camera. Donations are tax deductible. If you can help in these ways, please call (415) 521-2779 or 527-5687. Thank you. Special thanks for production assistance to: The Vanguard Foundation, The American Friends Service Committee, Intertribal Friendship House, Bobsy Draper, Miguel Cavallin, Russ Irwin, Bill Coburn and the SAIIC Committee: Pete Hammer, Peggy lowry, Anna lugo, Maria Massolo, James Muneta, and Jo Tucker. Nilo Cayuqueo, SAIIC Coordinator Susan lobo, Publications Editor Vol. 2, no. 1. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 18 �NEWSLETTER for one year, and to remain on our receive the SAIIC of $5.00. Use the below. send a list, WORKING COMMISSION REPORTS send a donation of $3.00. TAPES OF RADIO SHOW One hour tapes are now available of the SAIIC radio program, on Indian Time: The South American Indian Update." Each program includes news, interviews, traditional music, and more. • 00 each. Number Cost Newsletter subscription, $5.00 per year Working Commission ~orts, $3.00 each Tapes of radio program, $8.00 each Donations Total enclosed Name -------------------------------Address -------------------------------City, State, Zip-------------------------------Please make out all checks, which are tax deductible, to: American Friends Service Committee/SAIIC, and mail to: South American Indian Information Center, P.O. Box 7550, Berkeley, CA 94707, U.S.A. Vol. 2, no. l. Fall, 1985. Published quarterly. ®SAIIC Page 19 �South American Indian Information Center Intertribal House 523 E, 14th St. Oakland, CA 94606 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1985 Language A language of the resource Zotero Title Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 1985) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Volume 2 No. 1.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Language English Issue 1 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Abstract Note Entire issue Pages 1-20 Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Dan Bomberry Ecuador Fall 19785 Mexico Peru Phillip Deere UNITED NATIONS WORKING GROUP ON INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS