33 12 1190 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/715cf2102df4a2f0ec7638b3784220d8.pdf 43a692cf9317eb36f1ccc7db17545b09 PDF Text Text SAIIC to Coordinate Visit of Brazilian Indian Leader SAIIC is pleased to announce that its plans to help bring a coordinator of the Union of Indian Nations (UNI) to the United States are closer to becoming a reality. The trip might take place as early as May, when the UNI representative may testify in Congress regarding the impact of multinational development bank projects on indigenous people in Brazil. SAIIC hopes to assist UNI in meeting with North American Indian communities to strengthen communication among Indian organizations and individuals. We also hope to raise the awareness of the public in the United States regarding the critical situation confronting indigenous people in Brazil. We would like to invite organizations and concerned citizens to contact SAIIC for more details on the plans for this historic visit. Suggestions for specific events at which the UNI representative could speak and other ideas which would contribute to a successful visit would be appreciated. Update: Amazonia Film Project AMAZONIA: VOICES FROM THE RAINFOREST is a film-in-progress about the struggle for land, resources and survival, where the people of the Amazon suggest solutions for the social and environmental crisis of the rainforest. The film looks at indigenous land use as a model for life in the rainforest and as a focus of conflict on the expanding frontier. The producers of AMAZONIA, Monti Aguirre and Glenn Switkes,. have prepared a slideshow on this subject. For more information, contact them through the SAIIC office. Floyd Westerman spoke recently on the SAIIC radio program, "South and Central American Indian Update." "What we are beginning to find out as we work more closely with other groups of Indian nations from Central and South America is that we have a very common destiny as we find ourselves emerging out the the twentieth century. We have a common understanding in relation to Mother Earth, and we have a common understanding of how we want to live. I think we can show the world this way, if we come together at this time to make our understandings known." For more news reports, interviews, and music from Indian communities in South and Central America, listen in the first Friday of each month at 8:00p.m. on KPFA FM 94.1 in northern California. Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 15 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource SAIIC to Coordinate Visit of Brazilian Indian Leader Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title SAIIC to Coordinate Visit of Brazilian Indian Leader Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (15).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 3 Language English Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Pages 15 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/11bb020319bb6c40003c93be8eadd284.pdf d22ab572978f0e2ec3f58041fc4e4c90 PDF Text Text meeting in Santa Fe (see photo and story in SAIIC Newsletter, Winter, 1986) to find he was victim of a smear campaign by fundamentalist missionaries. Members of the New Tribes Mission branded Biraci a communist and ordered him to leave his own village. He refused. According to Biraci, the state police intervened and "want to take away my right to be an Indian." He feels that the goal of the missionaries is to discredit him as a representative of UNI in the eyes of his own people. The New Tribes Mission, whose headquarters is in Sanford, Florida, operates seven centers in the Acre region, with the stated purpose of converting Indians to Christianity. As widely reported in the media, in 1985 the New Tribes and its sister organization, the Mission Aviation Fellowship, were implicated in a plot to smuggle precious stones to the United States. According to Biraci, UNI in its five years of existence has taken "a strong commitment to the Indian cause." UNI has also opposed fundamentalist groups working in Indian communities. According to Porantim, the monthly newspaper which covers Indian issues, The New Tribes was temporarily expelled from Colombia and Venezuela for trafficking in precious stones. They have strong political connections in Brasilia, as evidenced by the fact that a former minister of justice was also involved in the smuggling incident. Changes in FUNAI-But for the Better? Following a threat by FUNAI President Apoena Meirelles to resign if structural changes in the agency responsible for the welfare of Brazilian Indians were not made, Minister of Interior Ronalda Costa Couto announced in February a major decentralization of the agency. One concrete change will be the dispersal of FUNAI's bureaucracy in Brasilia into six regional superintendencies, maintaining only a skeleton administrative staff of 50 in the capital. Another change still not finalized will be the transformation of the agency into a special secretariat directly under the President of Brazil or under the National Security Council. BRAZIL Neither change is likely to achieve significant gains in the level of Indian participation in decisions affecting their own survival. Decentralization of FUNAI may play into the hands of state and local politicians such as Governors Gilberta Mestrinho of Amazonas state, Angelo Angelim of Rondonia, and Getulio Cruz of Roraima, who have said they will not recognize new demarcations of Indian lands in their states and have attacked the "huge" areas being allotted to Indian reserves. Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAJIC © 1986 Page 14 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Changes in FUNAI - But for the Better? (Brazil) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Changes in FUNAI - But for the Better? (Brazil) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (14).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 3 Language English Pages 14 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/43d7adc2f72714f030ada69f06cf2149.pdf 8bb1e79800cf65590b0ba1ad4ffb7e3f PDF Text Text BRAZIL Tukanos Confront Mining Interests in Upper Rio Negro For the past few months a tense situation has existed in the Upper Rio Negro region of the Amazon, with increasingly violent confrontations between Tukano Indians and gold prospectors on Indian land. Several deaths have resulted. In January, the Brazilian press reported that 60 Tukanos had been killed, but these reports are still unconfirmed. Mining companies have requested permission from the government to mine within the Indian area. Exploration efforts by mining companies on the boundaries of the area have pushed gold prospectors into Indian territory. The situation is even more critical because the Brazilian government is considering the demarcation of the region, which would guarantee stronger, legal protection for the lands of the Tukano, Baniwa, Maku, and at least 13 other groups. Fifteen thousand indigenous people live in the area, which covers 35,000 square miles. Brazil's National Department of Mineral Production (NDPM) has argued that the mineral-rich Traira Tukano Indian from Brazil Mountains be excluded from the area of demarcation, According to a leader from the community of Pari-Cachoeira, the Traira is sacred land: "On top of the mountains, the monster cobra, Traira, makes the connections between all of the houses, the malocas. The elders warn of the consequences of destroying that hill from which they get the force of their wisdom, the sacred stones." Documents obtained by SAIIC from Brazil suggest that mining companies are exerting greater pressure in Brasilia to obtain permission to mine on Indian lands. CONAGE, an association of Brazilian geologists, and Brazil's Ecumenical Center for Documentation and Information recently denounced the issuance of 120 permits for mining on Indian lands in the states of Para and Amapa, in the northeast Amazon. Indian leaders had previously denounced exploration permits issued to 19 companies in the Upper Rio Negro. These permits can not be put into force without disregarding or changing Brazil's Indian Statute, which specifically states that all resources on Indian land are for the exclusive benefit of Indian people. Despite this fact, variances have been extended to several companies, and the boundary of the Waimiri-Atoari reserve was redrawn several years ago by presidential decree to allow tin mining to proceed. New Tribes Mission levels Accusations Against Brazilian Indian leader Biraci Brasil, Yawanawa and representative of Brazil's Union of Indigenous Nations (UNI), returned to his village following last November's Inter-American Indian Congress Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 13 �meeting in Santa Fe (see photo and story in SAIIC Newsletter, Winter, 1986) to find he was victim of a smear campaign by fundamentalist missionaries. Members of the New Tribes Mission branded Biraci a communist and ordered him to leave his own village. He refused. According to Biraci, the state police intervened and "want to take away my right to be an Indian." He feels that the goal of the missionaries is to discredit him as a representative of UNI in the eyes of his own people. The New Tribes Mission, whose headquarters is in Sanford, Florida, operates seven centers in the Acre region, with the stated purpose of converting Indians to Christianity. As widely reported in the media, in 1985 the New Tribes and its sister organization, the Mission Aviation Fellowship, were implicated in a plot to smuggle precious stones to the United States. According to Biraci, UNI in its five years of existence has taken "a strong commitment to the Indian cause." UNI has also opposed fundamentalist groups working in Indian communities. According to Porantim, the monthly newspaper which covers Indian issues, The New Tribes was temporarily expelled from Colombia and Venezuela for trafficking in precious stones. They have strong political connections in Brasilia, as evidenced by the fact that a former minister of justice was also involved in the smuggling incident. Changes in FUNAI-But for the Better? Following a threat by FUNAI President Apoena Meirelles to resign if structural changes in the agency responsible for the welfare of Brazilian Indians were not made, Minister of Interior Ronalda Costa Couto announced in February a major decentralization of the agency. One concrete change will be the dispersal of FUNAI's bureaucracy in Brasilia into six regional superintendencies, maintaining only a skeleton administrative staff of 50 in the capital. Another change still not finalized will be the transformation of the agency into a special secretariat directly under the President of Brazil or under the National Security Council. BRAZIL Neither change is likely to achieve significant gains in the level of Indian participation in decisions affecting their own survival. Decentralization of FUNAI may play into the hands of state and local politicians such as Governors Gilberta Mestrinho of Amazonas state, Angelo Angelim of Rondonia, and Getulio Cruz of Roraima, who have said they will not recognize new demarcations of Indian lands in their states and have attacked the "huge" areas being allotted to Indian reserves. Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAJIC © 1986 Page 14 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource New Tribes Mission Levels Accusations Against Brazilian Indian Leader Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title New Tribes Mission Levels Accusations Against Brazilian Indian Leader Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (13-14).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 3 Language English Pages 13-14 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/df743a1ecbcb4d46876f064802195c76.pdf 970317eaaac2688aad3eaef52e7315c8 PDF Text Text BRAZIL Tukanos Confront Mining Interests in Upper Rio Negro For the past few months a tense situation has existed in the Upper Rio Negro region of the Amazon, with increasingly violent confrontations between Tukano Indians and gold prospectors on Indian land. Several deaths have resulted. In January, the Brazilian press reported that 60 Tukanos had been killed, but these reports are still unconfirmed. Mining companies have requested permission from the government to mine within the Indian area. Exploration efforts by mining companies on the boundaries of the area have pushed gold prospectors into Indian territory. The situation is even more critical because the Brazilian government is considering the demarcation of the region, which would guarantee stronger, legal protection for the lands of the Tukano, Baniwa, Maku, and at least 13 other groups. Fifteen thousand indigenous people live in the area, which covers 35,000 square miles. Brazil's National Department of Mineral Production (NDPM) has argued that the mineral-rich Traira Tukano Indian from Brazil Mountains be excluded from the area of demarcation, According to a leader from the community of Pari-Cachoeira, the Traira is sacred land: "On top of the mountains, the monster cobra, Traira, makes the connections between all of the houses, the malocas. The elders warn of the consequences of destroying that hill from which they get the force of their wisdom, the sacred stones." Documents obtained by SAIIC from Brazil suggest that mining companies are exerting greater pressure in Brasilia to obtain permission to mine on Indian lands. CONAGE, an association of Brazilian geologists, and Brazil's Ecumenical Center for Documentation and Information recently denounced the issuance of 120 permits for mining on Indian lands in the states of Para and Amapa, in the northeast Amazon. Indian leaders had previously denounced exploration permits issued to 19 companies in the Upper Rio Negro. These permits can not be put into force without disregarding or changing Brazil's Indian Statute, which specifically states that all resources on Indian land are for the exclusive benefit of Indian people. Despite this fact, variances have been extended to several companies, and the boundary of the Waimiri-Atoari reserve was redrawn several years ago by presidential decree to allow tin mining to proceed. New Tribes Mission levels Accusations Against Brazilian Indian leader Biraci Brasil, Yawanawa and representative of Brazil's Union of Indigenous Nations (UNI), returned to his village following last November's Inter-American Indian Congress Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 13 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tukanos Confront Mining Interests in Upper Rio Negro (Brazil) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Tukanos Confront Mining Interests in Upper Rio Negro (Brazil) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (13).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 3 Language English Pages 13 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/4ba5c63033d465b412790b73f30cd15a.pdf aaeba7d2bc5e7cf53129ac2943558669 PDF Text Text Spaniards, and contemporary problems, like lack of land, flight to cities, lack of money, loss of culture. This theater group travels to different communities to present their plays, which is one reason they are written in Mapudugun. The second reason is that it has forced the actors to practice, and some even learn, their native language. It is a way for Mapuche people living in urban areas to maintain their culture. The plays were all very moving. Also in Temuco I was invited to visit the Centros Culturales, another Mapuche organization. Their main work at present is in the traditional communities, where 550,000 Mapuche live. Centros Culturales works in agriculture and animal health and sets up community stores. I also visited the Centro Cultural in Santiago, Folil-Che Aflaiai [Eternal Indigenous People]. Sofia Painiqueo, who toured the United States last spring and was sponsored in the Bay Area by SAIIC, is active in their organization. Like many urban Indian centers in the United States, Folil-Che Aflaiai works to maintain Mapuche traditions and community strength for those living in the city. They have classes in Mapudugun, music, weaving, pottery, and other traditional skills. They also have a community garden and publish a bilingual newsletter. The Mapuche are suffering greatly from the current economic situation. Their lands are being divided rapidly and they often don't have enough left to plant for their own consumption. I heard numerous accounts of Mapuche people cutting down trees and making charcoal, putting it in bags on ox carts and traveling for days to sell it in Temuco. There they made enough to buy flour and maybe sugar and traveled for days to return home again. The people who gather cochayuyo, a seaweed, dry it and also pack it on ox carts to sell it under similar conditions. In the communities people told me that they earned as much selling a whole cow as they were charged for a couple of pounds of beef. Mapuche lands, or the lands they have been pushed back to, are not good for agriculture. They are TA1W. MNUCil coastal, hilly and have poor soil. Mapuches have no ADMAN access to fertilizers, and they have so little land that ~ they do not let it rest. Cattle also wear it down tremendously. Wheat, the main crop, is small and sparse. Mapuche families end up buying flour to end the year. Jlil;ll Die., mm:o CICLO DE TEATRO -MAP.UCHE ~WJS. 2.0~ Mapuche Document On New Constitution AD-Mapu has announced that it will soon present a document stating indigenous concerns to be included in the future constitution of Chile. The document will explain the characteristics of the Mapuche and the treatment they expect from Chilean society as a whole. AD-Mapu added that the Mapuche people have a big challenge to face in the future democracy of Chile. According to Jose Santos Millao, president of AD-Mapu, "Chilean society can no longer ignore us or set aside our culture. This document will be written by the Mapuches, since we're the ones it will affect." This statement was made at the inauguration of summer volunteer jobs in southern Chile for over 1,000 university students. Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 12 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapuche Document on New Constitution (Chile) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Mapuche Document on New Constitution (Chile) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (12).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 3 Language English Pages 12 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/eefe5c9947a91429a84f97ae3fd49b03.pdf 2320c62efe27a56bcbfe643c2757f711 PDF Text Text BOLIVIA Indian Participation In The National Parliament The following comments by Luciano Tapia, 62, a founder of the Tupak Katari Indian Movement (MITKA) and a member of the Bolivian parliament from 1982 to 1985, appeared in the February issue of Boletln Chitakolla (Casilla 20214, Correa Central, La Paz, Bolivia; annual subscription $15). "Our representation in Parliament was completely useless, not only because of our small numbers [Luciano was one of two members representing Indian political parties], which limited the development of a political program, but also because of the political composition of Parliament. Reactionary forces constituted the majority, and within the left forces we found a tremendous sectarianism which in no way favored the interests of the people. "At first I had great hopes. I presented some projects, but they didn't even manage to make it before the whole Parliament. My bill to make Aymara and Quechua official languages in Bolivia is still being held back, opposed precisely by those who proclaim their support of Indians by talking about land reform. A bill I proposed to protect the national wheat supply was ignored. A plan to place the transportation system under public control was also blocked. "From the experience of my many years of struggle, I think that to vitalize the struggle of Indian people it is necessary to clarify our political thought, to consider ourselves a Nation before we consider ourselves a class. We need to establish some concrete objectives and communicate them to the Indian people, who are a great force despite a feeling of weakness in the absence of an instrument of struggle. This weakness is a subjective feeling, because the Indian people are the true people. Here in Bolivia we are the Nation. We must provide our people with a forceful and concrete instrument with which they can see the light of liberty." CHILE Cultural Projects Sustain Traditions Peggy Lowry, a member of the SAIIC Committee, recently returned from a trip to Chile, - where she had the opportunity to visit several Mapuche communities and organizations. In the following comments she talks about what she learned. AD-Mapu is known throughout Chile as a strong organization for and by Mapuches. One of the ways AD-Mapu informs people of the Mapuche situation past and present is through a theater group. They have a group of nine people, all volunteers, who write and perform plays. I was fortunate to be in Temuco when they were presenting a cycle of plays that lasted five nights, two per night. Half of the plays were in Spanish and the other half in Mapudugun. They included traditional stories, the relationship between the Mapuche and the Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 11 �Spaniards, and contemporary problems, like lack of land, flight to cities, lack of money, loss of culture. This theater group travels to different communities to present their plays, which is one reason they are written in Mapudugun. The second reason is that it has forced the actors to practice, and some even learn, their native language. It is a way for Mapuche people living in urban areas to maintain their culture. The plays were all very moving. Also in Temuco I was invited to visit the Centros Culturales, another Mapuche organization. Their main work at present is in the traditional communities, where 550,000 Mapuche live. Centros Culturales works in agriculture and animal health and sets up community stores. I also visited the Centro Cultural in Santiago, Folil-Che Aflaiai [Eternal Indigenous People]. Sofia Painiqueo, who toured the United States last spring and was sponsored in the Bay Area by SAIIC, is active in their organization. Like many urban Indian centers in the United States, Folil-Che Aflaiai works to maintain Mapuche traditions and community strength for those living in the city. They have classes in Mapudugun, music, weaving, pottery, and other traditional skills. They also have a community garden and publish a bilingual newsletter. The Mapuche are suffering greatly from the current economic situation. Their lands are being divided rapidly and they often don't have enough left to plant for their own consumption. I heard numerous accounts of Mapuche people cutting down trees and making charcoal, putting it in bags on ox carts and traveling for days to sell it in Temuco. There they made enough to buy flour and maybe sugar and traveled for days to return home again. The people who gather cochayuyo, a seaweed, dry it and also pack it on ox carts to sell it under similar conditions. In the communities people told me that they earned as much selling a whole cow as they were charged for a couple of pounds of beef. Mapuche lands, or the lands they have been pushed back to, are not good for agriculture. They are TA1W. MNUCil coastal, hilly and have poor soil. Mapuches have no ADMAN access to fertilizers, and they have so little land that ~ they do not let it rest. Cattle also wear it down tremendously. Wheat, the main crop, is small and sparse. Mapuche families end up buying flour to end the year. Jlil;ll Die., mm:o CICLO DE TEATRO -MAP.UCHE ~WJS. 2.0~ Mapuche Document On New Constitution AD-Mapu has announced that it will soon present a document stating indigenous concerns to be included in the future constitution of Chile. The document will explain the characteristics of the Mapuche and the treatment they expect from Chilean society as a whole. AD-Mapu added that the Mapuche people have a big challenge to face in the future democracy of Chile. According to Jose Santos Millao, president of AD-Mapu, "Chilean society can no longer ignore us or set aside our culture. This document will be written by the Mapuches, since we're the ones it will affect." This statement was made at the inauguration of summer volunteer jobs in southern Chile for over 1,000 university students. Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 12 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cultural Projects Sustain Traditions (Chile) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Cultural Projects Sustain Traditions (Chile) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (11-12).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Peggy Lowry, a member of the SAIIC Committee, recently returned from a trip to Chile, where she had the opportunity to visit several Mapuche communities and organizations. In the following comments she talks about what she learned. Issue 3 Language English Pages 11-12 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Chile Mapuches Temuco http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/39a6129c6032dc62d1e4be8d0bc2e77d.pdf 50b791bf60bae36c94224f2df7de413a PDF Text Text BOLIVIA Indian Participation In The National Parliament The following comments by Luciano Tapia, 62, a founder of the Tupak Katari Indian Movement (MITKA) and a member of the Bolivian parliament from 1982 to 1985, appeared in the February issue of Boletln Chitakolla (Casilla 20214, Correa Central, La Paz, Bolivia; annual subscription $15). "Our representation in Parliament was completely useless, not only because of our small numbers [Luciano was one of two members representing Indian political parties], which limited the development of a political program, but also because of the political composition of Parliament. Reactionary forces constituted the majority, and within the left forces we found a tremendous sectarianism which in no way favored the interests of the people. "At first I had great hopes. I presented some projects, but they didn't even manage to make it before the whole Parliament. My bill to make Aymara and Quechua official languages in Bolivia is still being held back, opposed precisely by those who proclaim their support of Indians by talking about land reform. A bill I proposed to protect the national wheat supply was ignored. A plan to place the transportation system under public control was also blocked. "From the experience of my many years of struggle, I think that to vitalize the struggle of Indian people it is necessary to clarify our political thought, to consider ourselves a Nation before we consider ourselves a class. We need to establish some concrete objectives and communicate them to the Indian people, who are a great force despite a feeling of weakness in the absence of an instrument of struggle. This weakness is a subjective feeling, because the Indian people are the true people. Here in Bolivia we are the Nation. We must provide our people with a forceful and concrete instrument with which they can see the light of liberty." CHILE Cultural Projects Sustain Traditions Peggy Lowry, a member of the SAIIC Committee, recently returned from a trip to Chile, - where she had the opportunity to visit several Mapuche communities and organizations. In the following comments she talks about what she learned. AD-Mapu is known throughout Chile as a strong organization for and by Mapuches. One of the ways AD-Mapu informs people of the Mapuche situation past and present is through a theater group. They have a group of nine people, all volunteers, who write and perform plays. I was fortunate to be in Temuco when they were presenting a cycle of plays that lasted five nights, two per night. Half of the plays were in Spanish and the other half in Mapudugun. They included traditional stories, the relationship between the Mapuche and the Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 11 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian Participation in the National Parliament (Bolivia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Indian Participation in the National Parliament (Bolivia) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (11).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note The following comments by Luciano Tapia, 62, a founder of the Tupak Katari Indian Movement (MITKA) and a member of the Bolivian parliament from 1982 to 1985, appeared in the February issue of Boletln Chitakolla Issue 3 Language English Pages 11 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Bolivia Luciano Tapia Tupak Katari http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/8ba979640782d0d0dda922fd5af1c359.pdf 9016d9c46a53bed370182554b3aacd78 PDF Text Text Ecuador Allows Use Of Pesticides Banned In Most Of The World According to a bulletin called Veneno para el desayuno (Poison for Breakfast) from the coordinator of community health teams and Abya-yala Editions of Quito, Ecuador uses 23 pesticides, including ten that are banned in most ofthe world. Almost all of these products are imported from the United States and West Germany with the Ecuadorian government's consent. Many campesinos have died from eating fish contaminated by pesticide used for the cultivation of rice. There are more and more people with liver and lung cancer who die after long suffering. Also, cases of blindness, deafness, paralysis, rheumatism, and severe headaches have increased. The number of children born paralyzed, deaf, mute, or with bone malformations which keep them from walking is increasing. The bulletin adds that faced by all these facts, the government only increases vaccination teams, as if shots could save people who are victims of pesticides. These pesticides have also killed millions of microorganisms from the soil which are friends of plants and people. PERU Report Of Indian Chapi • Ayacucho e assacre In Ayacucho • Quillabamba • Cuzco PERU CISA, the South American Indian Council whose office is in Lima, has sent SAIIC news of allegations of a massacre involving an Indian community of 3,000 people in a remote area of northern Ayacucho province. The massacre is said to have occurred in June and July of 1984 but is just now coming to light, according to reports in the Lima daily newspaper La Republica. Survivors have testified that the community of Chapi was virtually wiped from the face of the earth during repeated attacks by helicopters whose description corresponds to government military aircraft that are fighting the Sendero Luminoso guerrilla movement in Peru. The survivors, who have taken refuge in Quillabamba, capital of the neighboring province of La Concepcion, said that the massacre can be verified by the damage inflicted on buildings and the unburied bodies which still lie scattered in the area. Members of the national congress of Peru in the ruling APRA party, which came to power after the massacre is alleged to have occurred, have announced that a delegation will travel to Chapi to personally investigate the charges. (Reproduced from Peru Briefing. Amnesty International. 304 West 58th St., N.Y,N.Y 10019,Jan.1985.) Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 10 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Report of Indian Massacre in Ayacucho (Peru) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Report of Indian Massacre in Ayacucho (Peru) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (10).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note CISA, the South American Indian Council whose office is in Lima, has sent SAIIC news of allegations of a massacre involving an Indian community of 3,000 people in a remote area of northern Ayacucho province. Issue 3 Language English Pages 10 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Ayacucho Chapi Lima Peru http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/3338349bd8ea288a647e3fba4a20af4d.pdf 9016d9c46a53bed370182554b3aacd78 PDF Text Text Ecuador Allows Use Of Pesticides Banned In Most Of The World According to a bulletin called Veneno para el desayuno (Poison for Breakfast) from the coordinator of community health teams and Abya-yala Editions of Quito, Ecuador uses 23 pesticides, including ten that are banned in most ofthe world. Almost all of these products are imported from the United States and West Germany with the Ecuadorian government's consent. Many campesinos have died from eating fish contaminated by pesticide used for the cultivation of rice. There are more and more people with liver and lung cancer who die after long suffering. Also, cases of blindness, deafness, paralysis, rheumatism, and severe headaches have increased. The number of children born paralyzed, deaf, mute, or with bone malformations which keep them from walking is increasing. The bulletin adds that faced by all these facts, the government only increases vaccination teams, as if shots could save people who are victims of pesticides. These pesticides have also killed millions of microorganisms from the soil which are friends of plants and people. PERU Report Of Indian Chapi • Ayacucho e assacre In Ayacucho • Quillabamba • Cuzco PERU CISA, the South American Indian Council whose office is in Lima, has sent SAIIC news of allegations of a massacre involving an Indian community of 3,000 people in a remote area of northern Ayacucho province. The massacre is said to have occurred in June and July of 1984 but is just now coming to light, according to reports in the Lima daily newspaper La Republica. Survivors have testified that the community of Chapi was virtually wiped from the face of the earth during repeated attacks by helicopters whose description corresponds to government military aircraft that are fighting the Sendero Luminoso guerrilla movement in Peru. The survivors, who have taken refuge in Quillabamba, capital of the neighboring province of La Concepcion, said that the massacre can be verified by the damage inflicted on buildings and the unburied bodies which still lie scattered in the area. Members of the national congress of Peru in the ruling APRA party, which came to power after the massacre is alleged to have occurred, have announced that a delegation will travel to Chapi to personally investigate the charges. (Reproduced from Peru Briefing. Amnesty International. 304 West 58th St., N.Y,N.Y 10019,Jan.1985.) Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page 10 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ecuador Allows Use of Pesticides Banned in Most of the World Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Ecuador Allows Use of Pesticides Banned in Most of the World Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (10).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note According to a bulletin called Veneno para el desayuno (Poison for Breakfast) from the coordinator of community health teams and Abya-yala Editions of Quito, Ecuador uses 23 pesticides, including ten that are banned in most of the world. Issue 3 Language English Pages 10 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Abya-yala bulletin Ecuador Quito http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/132c2be483a89c73ee5914676bd0d956.pdf 9c60fda3483c965c4b5e9796df60a20a PDF Text Text ECUADOR frican Palm nd Indian Ethnocide SAIIC recently received the following press releases from the Confederation of Indian Nations in the Ecuadorian Amazon (CONFENIAE). ~ CONFENIAE is a regional (Reproduced from Palma Africana y Etnocidio. CEDIS, Quito, Sept., 1985.) organization that unites the Shuar, Qui chua, Co fan, Secoy a, Siona, and Huaorani Indian nations. We use the term nations because it encompasses territory, culture, history, and self-government. CONFENIAE began in 1980 to answer our needs and aspirations. The different federations carry out programs and projects in bi-lingual education, health, agriculture, land tenancy, and similar concerns. The main objectives of CONFENIAE are to defend Indian land, cultural values, the right to self-determination, and the right to organize freely. At present, Indian peoples of Ecuador and .especially of the Amazon region, are facing very hard times. The policies of past and present governments are accelerating the destruction of natural resources and the indiscriminate and violent occupation of Amazon lands. They ignore the existence of Indian peoples who for centuries have held the land as our only and true historical heritage. The land is the guarantee of our survival. The policies of the current government include giving priority to the process of colonization, halting Indian access to land adjacent to Indian communities, and opening the land to foreign investment. Lack of control of transnational corporations, such as lumber, mining, agribusiness, and oil companies, results in ethnocide of Indian peoples .... The cultivation of African palms, which produce oil that is sold at a high price in the international market, is a good example of the assault on our people. Large areas of land are being given to palm-growing companies, ignoring the traditional and historical rights of Indian peoples of the Amazon region. The transnational companies have complete control of the cultivation of the palm and all proceeds are sent outside the country.... We want the situation faced by Indian peoples of the Amazon to be known at a national and international level and seek solidarity with our struggle for unity, land, justice, and freedom. Cristobal Tapuy P. President of CONFENIAE (Reproduced from Indian Designs from Ancient Ecuador, Dover, N.Y. 1979.) VoL 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page9 J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource African Palm and Indian Ethnocide (Ecuador) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title African Palm and Indian Ethnocide (Ecuador) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (9).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note SAIIC recently received the following press releases from the Confederation of Indian Nations in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Issue 3 Language English Pages 9 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Cofan CONFENIAE Huaorani Secoya Shuar Siona http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/7922ab1dcc625ce4cb24ffa172cc9246.pdf 03d01f5070c0afc0a33fa796b487ebd6 PDF Text Text At the end of the 1970's, President Turbay Ayala tried to do away with collective ownership of Indian communities by proclaiming the Indian Statute, which dissolved the cabildos, the traditional Indian community organizations. All the communities rejected this decree and decided to hold the First National Indian Gathering in October, 1980. During this meeting the National Indigenous Coordinator was founded with the goal of planning the first national Indian congress. This congress was held in Bogota in February of 1982. There were over 2,000 Indian delegates present who represented 20 regional councils from all around the country. During the congress the National Indian Organization of Colombia (ONIC) was founded with headquarters in Bogota. ONIC's program is: 1. The defense of Indian autonomy and history. 2. The defense of culture and Indian traditions. 3. Bilingual/bicultural education under direct control of Indian organizations. 4. Promotion of health and traditional medicine. 5. Support of community economic organizations and return of Indian lands that have been seized. At present in Colombia there is a climate of war between the government and guerrilla forces. The army has occupied the Cauca region and the air force is continuously bombing. Animals have been killed, crops have been destroyed, and numerous Indians have fled to the cities, where they are homeless. Various guerrilla groups control different areas of Colombia and force Indians to join them. Javier Delgado, one of the ex-chiefs of the guerrilla group Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces, ordered the death of dozens of indigenous small farmers in the Cauca region during the first week of February, 1986. He accused them of collaborating with the government armed forces. The killings were witnessed by reporters from French television who had been invited by Delegado. The French cameramen refused to film and returned to Bogota to denounce the massacre. ONIC Publication Celebrates Tenth Anniversary The second ONIC congress in February of this year coincided with the tenth anniversary of the magazine Unidad Indigena (Indian Unity), the official publication of ONIC and CRIC. In its anniversary issue, Unidad Indigena states, "We see the need to have our own paper because often articles and books appear about us, but it is not our voice that speaks. In our paper, we see ourselves as we really are, men, women, and children with our own dignity, our own languages, and our own beliefs." (Reproduced from Como Nos Organizamos, published by CRIC, Nov., 1983.) Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 PageS � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ONIC Publication Celebrates Tenth Anniversary (Colombia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title ONIC Publication Celebrates Tenth Anniversary (Colombia) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (8).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note At present in Colombia there is a climate of war between the government and guerrilla forces. The army has occupied the Cauca region and the air force is continuously bombing. Issue 3 Language English Pages 8 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Bogota Cauca Colombia guerrilla Javier Delgado http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/7a5a1ad1ce09fd1b5f4daaf4bb18f5e8.pdf 8fb7d870d706de2b3fdf489f5a70e02b PDF Text Text reasons are the same-expansionism, dominance of one group over another, land, natural resources, greed. And, our country, the United States, is not an innocent bystander. It was no doubt U.S. bullets that fired that night on the river for that area is full of anti-Sandinista rebels, often all lumped together under the name "contras." The war in Nicaragua is complex. It is not simple like our country would like us to believe. It's not good guys versus bad guys. That night on the river when my foremost thoughts were of my homeland, that identity is not dissimilar to that of the Miskitus, Sumos, and Ramas of the Atlantic Coast. They are fighting for their homeland-their identity. Since returning from Central America, Angela, who is a social worker, has looked for ways to lend support to Indians in Central America. She writes, "In October, 1985, the National Indian Social Workers meeting in Tulsa, Oklahoma, passed a resolution condemning the genocidal policies against the Indian peoples in Guatemala and calling for a forum to discuss the situation in an effort to seek ways to end this oppression, and to raise the issue in the United States." For more information on the Guatemalan forum, contact Angela Russell, Box 333, Lodge Grass, MT 59050. COLOMBIA Indians Caught Up In Climate Of ar In Colombia, with a population of 28 million people, there are 1.2 million Indians who speak more than 130 different languages. In the 1970s, as was occurring in many indigenous areas in South America, an organization was founded in the Cauca Valley called the Cauca Regional Indian Council (CRIC). CRIC was born out of the need for indigenous people to confront the continuous repression placed on them by large landowners who take indigenous lands and force Indian people to pay rent. Inspired by Manuel Quintin Lame, an Indian leader who was killed at the turn of the century for defending Indian land, CRIC began to take back land and stop paying rent. This was very successful, but the large landowners responded by employing mercenaries (called pdjaros or birds) who have killed over - 100 Indians. At the same time, with antigovernment guerrilla activities increasing in Colombia, especially in the Cauca area, which is mountainous, the Colombian army has become very repressive toward Indian people. Many have been jailed, some for as long as one year, as they await trial. Usually there is no case against them and, under international pressure, most are eventually set free. Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page7 �At the end of the 1970's, President Turbay Ayala tried to do away with collective ownership of Indian communities by proclaiming the Indian Statute, which dissolved the cabildos, the traditional Indian community organizations. All the communities rejected this decree and decided to hold the First National Indian Gathering in October, 1980. During this meeting the National Indigenous Coordinator was founded with the goal of planning the first national Indian congress. This congress was held in Bogota in February of 1982. There were over 2,000 Indian delegates present who represented 20 regional councils from all around the country. During the congress the National Indian Organization of Colombia (ONIC) was founded with headquarters in Bogota. ONIC's program is: 1. The defense of Indian autonomy and history. 2. The defense of culture and Indian traditions. 3. Bilingual/bicultural education under direct control of Indian organizations. 4. Promotion of health and traditional medicine. 5. Support of community economic organizations and return of Indian lands that have been seized. At present in Colombia there is a climate of war between the government and guerrilla forces. The army has occupied the Cauca region and the air force is continuously bombing. Animals have been killed, crops have been destroyed, and numerous Indians have fled to the cities, where they are homeless. Various guerrilla groups control different areas of Colombia and force Indians to join them. Javier Delgado, one of the ex-chiefs of the guerrilla group Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces, ordered the death of dozens of indigenous small farmers in the Cauca region during the first week of February, 1986. He accused them of collaborating with the government armed forces. The killings were witnessed by reporters from French television who had been invited by Delegado. The French cameramen refused to film and returned to Bogota to denounce the massacre. ONIC Publication Celebrates Tenth Anniversary The second ONIC congress in February of this year coincided with the tenth anniversary of the magazine Unidad Indigena (Indian Unity), the official publication of ONIC and CRIC. In its anniversary issue, Unidad Indigena states, "We see the need to have our own paper because often articles and books appear about us, but it is not our voice that speaks. In our paper, we see ourselves as we really are, men, women, and children with our own dignity, our own languages, and our own beliefs." (Reproduced from Como Nos Organizamos, published by CRIC, Nov., 1983.) Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 PageS � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indians Caught up in Climate of War (Colombia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Indians Caught up in Climate of War (Colombia) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (7-8).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Inspired by Manuel Quintin Lame, an Indian leader who was killed at the turn of the century for defending Indian land, CRIC began to take back land and stop paying rent. Issue 3 Language English Pages 7-8 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Cauca Colombia Manuel Quintin Lame