58 12 1190 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/b31aa3b638b5f0c6cce5ba5886238228.pdf ad78bce6d1f1406edbd43bea4e609ed1 PDF Text Text Page 3 This edition of the SAIIC Newsletter is dedicated to 500 years of organized Native resistance, in the fight for land, culture, and to protect the Mother Earth. As Indian communities and their organizations throughout the Americas prepare to observe the SOOth anniversary of the European invasion of the American continent, SAIIC urges everyone to reexamine the historical record of colonialism , and to take note of the ways in which policies of the "new colonialism" are still denying our ancestral rights. While European governments plan to celebrate the "Discovery" of America by reenacting the "conquest" of Indian nations, there are diverse ways in which Native people will commemorate the 500 Years-through the participati9n of children, women, and men; through oral tradition, storytelling, collective memory, healing ceremonies, music, dance, song, handicrafts, reinterpretation of events; through the investigation of the current situation in Native communities, through the self-demarcation of ancestral territories, through books, radio programs, and films, reaching out to nonIndian people at a national and international level to join forces in our campaign of self-discovery. SAIIC is working with Native organizations from throughout the Americas on the 500 Years campaign, and plans to help organize an international conference to discuss strategies for the 500 Years activities. We invite everybody to join with us in "rediscovering our America," and to take immediate action in support of the work of Indigenous organizations as they look toward the future. In this issue, we also mourn the assassination of many Native people whose lives have been taken for defending their land and basic human rights. It is not with sadness but with ever-increasing strength that we keep their memory with us as we go forward. © 1989 Aguirre/Switkes/ AMAZONIA � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 500 Years of Indian Resistance Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title 500 Years of Indian Resistance Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (3).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Abstract Note This issue is specifically dedicated to the 500 years of fighting for land, culture, and to protect the Earth by the Natives. It asks that we reconsider what days like Columbus Day mean for Natives, not for oppressors. Pages 3 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter 500 years of fighting Fall 1988 Native Resistance Winter 1989 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/d17f7ce2cabcd3c46dc8217f617b25e1.pdf b44882c6402906dfbefa2aacc6be051e PDF Text Text Page 4 GUATEMALA THE WIDOWS OF WAR ~G~~ In September 1988, the National Coordinating Committee of Widows of Guatemala (CONAVIGUA) held its first assembly. According to Native activist Rigoberta Menchu, "CONAVIGUA is the hope of so many widows in our country-it is bringing together a great force." The following is a statement issued by CONAVIGUA: "We held our assembly in order to make our voices heard, and to exercise our legitimate rights. The cruel history of repression which our people have suffered for the last five centuries has left many thousands of Guatemalans kidnapped, disappeared, tortured, assassinated, and massacred. Many others have died of illnesses formerly unknown, from pesticides which come from the United States and Europe, spread on large farms where coffee, sugar cane, and cotton are produced. (See following article.) Thousands of women have lost their husbands, and when we return home to eat tortillas with salt and herbs it hurts and moves us to hear the cries of our children from so much suffering, seeing them with stomach aches, fevers, backaches, bellies swollen with malnutrition, and without the ability to buy them even an aspirinThese injustices and the love of our husbands who have been taken away from us by the repression and illness. For these reasons, we have begun to talk among ourselves, uniting to think of what we will do, to look for solutions to alleviate our problems because each day our situation gets worse". �Action which took place last October, these widows took the podium to denounce the violent acts of which they are victims: •'' in the town of Chucaman, in the state of Quiche, Manuel Us and Crispin Gomez, through innumerable threats, forced the dissolution of the Coordinating Committee of CONAVIGUA, declaring their actions illegal; • in the town of Canto Carrizal in Quiche, the military chief, Sebastian Calel, is accusing the widows of being spokeswomen for the guerrillas, and · · · · them to not hold · .-·h''.. "i~.:.~:..'\. •·. . . is persec:utingj.J women and girls 8, 9, and 10 years old, and going to· the cornfields and eating their com, in order to .. frighten the people; • in the Tululche hacienda, Chiche-Quiche, administrator is intimidating people at meetings, saying that they are "acting against the .·· >-. ·~.s.~"' -~g The Widows of Guatemala call for "international and national solidarity at this critical moment, ./~~~ 1 ::::::: . '"' and support in writing letters, so that people will know about the Committee-CONAVIGUA-its struggles and its fighting, and if possible to join with us to find solutions for our situation." ;::...... . ® � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Widows of War (Guatemala) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title The Widows of War (Guatemala) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (4-5).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Abstract Note 500 years of fighting have caused many women to lose their husbands to kidnappers, disappearances, torture, assassination, and massacre, in addition to diseases caused by pesticides funded by the US and Europe. Pages 4-5 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter assassination Disease Fall 1988 Guatemala Massacre pesticides torture Widows of War Winter 1989 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/9c52ed25f46eb6d0393037af3ffcea78.pdf d330c051497481b9a2ac1f47dfa723fb PDF Text Text Page 6 Condemnation from a broad spectrum of Guatemalan society followed the torture and murder of 21 campesinos in El Aguacate, San Andres Itzapa, Chimaltenango, on November 26th. According to the Comite Campesino del Altiplano (CCDA), there was strong evidence implicating the Guatemalan military in the massacre. The Comite thereby requests, in an open letter to the government of Guatemala and the International Communit)j that they: • "be alert to any kidnapping and disappearance of any of the widows or children of the murdered, since armed men in plainclothes have been seen near their houses; • restrain the military from reprimanding the widows, and telling them, "If you don't say that the guerrilla did it, you'll pay for it"; • not permit the widows to be taken to other countries, even though they are threatened with death if they contradict the army; • not permit politicians to profit from the pain and suffering of the widows for political gain-it's an insult to use them as a way to gain sympathy; • fix responsibility on the army and the soldiers for the death and kidnapping of campesinos in San Andres Itzapa, since the army has publicly stated their intentions "to get those whose names are on the list." � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Massacre Leaves 21 Widowed (Guatemala) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title Massacre Leaves 21 Widowed (Guatemala) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (6).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Abstract Note The Guatemalan military was highly implicated in the torture and murder of 21 "campesinos" in Guatemala in November. Pages 6 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Fall 1988 Guatemala murder torture widow Winter 1989 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/d49cae9278140ff9c726776605ae95b3.pdf 5c9220046fadbb6733e72a34ca0656e1 PDF Text Text "FOR THE RIGHTS OF THE Page MARGINAL AND OPPRESSED" 7 A new Council of Ethnic Communities "RunujelJunam" (CERJ) has been formed in Guatemala "to defend the human and cultural rights of Indigenous communities in Guatemala, so that they may keep their Identity as the original and legitimate Representatives of the Guatemalan people." In August, CERJ presented a protest to the Human Rights Commission of the National Congress, saying that those who wished to leave the "Voluntary Defense Committees" established by the military were being accused of being "Communists" and threatened. The organization also plans to work for land rights, literacy, housing, and cultural values. SOURCE : Consejo De Comunidades Etnicas, Sa. Avenida 3-13, Zona 5, Santa Cruz Quiche, Guatemala. PLANTATION WORKERS STRIKE Families of the "desaparecidos," Guatemala. ©Rick Droz ~,_/---~ On January 23, 198~ 40,000 farmworkers launched a strike against the coffee, cotton, and sugar cane plantations of the southern coast of Guatemala. The strikers, coordinated by the Committee ofFarmworker Unity (CUC), are calling for the daily wage to be raised to 10 quetzales (U.S. $3.70) per day. According to CUC, hundreds of workers have been fired for participating in the strike, and workers are being threatened and denounced as subversives by armed men in plainclothes, working for the plantation owners. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "For the Rights of the Marginal and Oppressed" (Guatemala) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title "For the Rights of the Marginal and Oppressed" (Guatemala) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (7).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Abstract Note A new council was formed in Guatemala to protect the human and cultural rights of local Natives. Pages 7 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Derechos Humanos Fall 1988 Guatemala Human Rights protection of human rights Winter 1989 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/809932d9824c0e07293dc251c06fb1f2.pdf 5c9220046fadbb6733e72a34ca0656e1 PDF Text Text "FOR THE RIGHTS OF THE Page MARGINAL AND OPPRESSED" 7 A new Council of Ethnic Communities "RunujelJunam" (CERJ) has been formed in Guatemala "to defend the human and cultural rights of Indigenous communities in Guatemala, so that they may keep their Identity as the original and legitimate Representatives of the Guatemalan people." In August, CERJ presented a protest to the Human Rights Commission of the National Congress, saying that those who wished to leave the "Voluntary Defense Committees" established by the military were being accused of being "Communists" and threatened. The organization also plans to work for land rights, literacy, housing, and cultural values. SOURCE : Consejo De Comunidades Etnicas, Sa. Avenida 3-13, Zona 5, Santa Cruz Quiche, Guatemala. PLANTATION WORKERS STRIKE Families of the "desaparecidos," Guatemala. ©Rick Droz ~,_/---~ On January 23, 198~ 40,000 farmworkers launched a strike against the coffee, cotton, and sugar cane plantations of the southern coast of Guatemala. The strikers, coordinated by the Committee ofFarmworker Unity (CUC), are calling for the daily wage to be raised to 10 quetzales (U.S. $3.70) per day. According to CUC, hundreds of workers have been fired for participating in the strike, and workers are being threatened and denounced as subversives by armed men in plainclothes, working for the plantation owners. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Plantation Workers Strike (Guatemala) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title Plantation Workers Strike (Guatemala) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (7).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Abstract Note 40,000 workers in cotton, sugarcane, and coffee plantations went on strike in January 1989. Pages 7 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter coffee Committee of Farmer Unity cotton Guatemala January 1989 plantation strike strike sugarcane http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/9f9104aaf97cfa2eac6aa674f6002d0b.pdf a0f1fb0d66853a98c30282fca7269b2c PDF Text Text Page 8 U.S. GOVERNMENT FUNDS SPRAYING OF DANGEROUS CHEMICALS A Guatemalan government program of aerial spraying of pesticides and defoliants is taking a fatal toll in Indigenous communities. Among the pesticides used is one containing ethylene dibromide (EDB), banned in the U.S. since 1984 due to its properties as a potential cancer-causing agent. According to Surv:ival International, 14 Indian campesinos, including two children, have died from drinking contaminated water. The spraying program has generated controversy. The government says spraying is taking place to destroy plantations of marijuana and opium poppies (though some highland areas are too cold for either to grow) and to .control the northward spread of the "medfly" which damages fruit crops. Opponents say the use of defoliants and pesticides is part of a Vietnam-style strategy to terrorize the Indian population, and is concentrated in areas where guerrilla activity is strongest. FOR MORE INFORMATION: Guatemala News and Information Bureau, P.O. Box 28594, Oakland, CA 94604. l I;L _S_~l::_VA_RQ...;...;.ROIIII!II'III INDIANS DEFY MILITARY, HOLD MEETING From December 18th to 21st, the National Association of Salvadorean Indians (ANIS), held its World Indigenous Festival and Cultural and Spiritual Symposium in the war-torn country, despite harassment by the Salvadorean military. According to ANIS, the indigenous peoples' organization had negotiated with both the army and the guerrillas prior to the meeting to ensure that Native representatives would not be impeded from travelling to the meeting site in Perquin, Morazan province. Though the guerrillas withdrew from the area, the army violated its agreement "to not have any armed presence in or near Perquin in order to avoid any civilian casualties," according to ANIS. Instead, the Armed Forces set up road blocks at three-kilometer intervals and harassed those arriving for the conference. For this reason, the meeting was moved to Sonsanate, after delegates met with Indigenous people of Perquin to document "constant violations of individual human rights by the Salvadorean Armed Forces." � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource U.S. Government Funds Spraying of Dangerous Chemicals (Guatemala) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title U.S. Government Funds Spraying of Dangerous Chemicals (Guatemala) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (8).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Pages 8 Abstract Note The United States funded the spraying of pesticides over Guatemalan plantations, including the use of a chemical that has been banned in the US since the 1980's due to cancer causing qualities. At least 14 Natives died as a result of the spraying. Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter fatal Guatemala pesticides plantations http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/7c0af083aaeb093c503225d19f0f4b02.pdf 2bf72d80571a59be6ac7ce2b5a5da304 PDF Text Text Page 8 U.S. GOVERNMENT FUNDS SPRAYING OF DANGEROUS CHEMICALS A Guatemalan government program of aerial spraying of pesticides and defoliants is taking a fatal toll in Indigenous communities. Among the pesticides used is one containing ethylene dibromide (EDB), banned in the U.S. since 1984 due to its properties as a potential cancer-causing agent. According to Surv:ival International, 14 Indian campesinos, including two children, have died from drinking contaminated water. The spraying program has generated controversy. The government says spraying is taking place to destroy plantations of marijuana and opium poppies (though some highland areas are too cold for either to grow) and to .control the northward spread of the "medfly" which damages fruit crops. Opponents say the use of defoliants and pesticides is part of a Vietnam-style strategy to terrorize the Indian population, and is concentrated in areas where guerrilla activity is strongest. FOR MORE INFORMATION: Guatemala News and Information Bureau, P.O. Box 28594, Oakland, CA 94604. l I;L _S_~l::_VA_RQ...;...;.ROIIII!II'III INDIANS DEFY MILITARY, HOLD MEETING From December 18th to 21st, the National Association of Salvadorean Indians (ANIS), held its World Indigenous Festival and Cultural and Spiritual Symposium in the war-torn country, despite harassment by the Salvadorean military. According to ANIS, the indigenous peoples' organization had negotiated with both the army and the guerrillas prior to the meeting to ensure that Native representatives would not be impeded from travelling to the meeting site in Perquin, Morazan province. Though the guerrillas withdrew from the area, the army violated its agreement "to not have any armed presence in or near Perquin in order to avoid any civilian casualties," according to ANIS. Instead, the Armed Forces set up road blocks at three-kilometer intervals and harassed those arriving for the conference. For this reason, the meeting was moved to Sonsanate, after delegates met with Indigenous people of Perquin to document "constant violations of individual human rights by the Salvadorean Armed Forces." �Page 9 Salvadorean military harass delegates travelling to the AN.I.S. conference. Among the conclusions of the three-day meet• on Justice: "That justice is to follow that path of ing, which included the participation of Maya, action which does not alter the Universal and Lenca, and Nahuat Indians from El Salvador and Natural Order in an irrational and unbalanced Native people from Mexico, Guatemala, Colomway. In this invading culture, justice is a way of bia, Peru, Canada, and the United States were: expropriating what belongs to those who work • on Culture: 'That Indigenous culture must be the land and make it produce, therefore the Indiunderstood as a form of knowing and recognizing genous peoples must demand the creation of laws in Nature our own origin and essence, and that for their own protection as well as that of their the harmony of our lives within Her permits the traditional ways of interaction with Nature". continuity of our people. Since Mother Earth is • on Solidarity: "That world solidarity makes its the origin of the Salvadorean Indian, the fact that presence actively felt among our invaded peoples we don't have land is a way of both doing away through cultural, economic, political, and social with our culture and of killing Nature and its support." expression of universal harmony. The White ''We demand that all governments respect the Invaders cannot justify their attack against Human Rights of the Indigenous Peoples, espeNature through the technologies of their sup- cially our Land, Life, and Ancestral Culture." posed 'civilization,' since these were designed only to throw the natural order out of balance and -""""~""""""""!'!"""""'~= ·-----""!""-""""""!!~­ prepare for their infamous invasion and resultant destruction". � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indians Defy Military, Hold Meeting (El Salvador) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title Indians Defy Military, Hold Meeting (El Salvador) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (8-9).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Pages 8-9 Abstract Note The Salvadorean military intentionally tried to impede the progression of the World Indigenous Festival and Cultural and Spiritual Symposium. The natives pushed back and were able to continue with their meeting. ANIS military National Association of Salvadorean Indians Salvadorean Military http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/dfcaedf2d70a73fe22f9b236b8dabf92.pdf 5f1d051ad3758ca86e2ddd0f73d3d7b5 PDF Text Text Page 10 HURRICANE LEAVES DESTRUCTION IN ITS WAKE Carlos Maibeth, Miskitu from Waspan, Rio Coco, and a SAIIC member, recently returned trom a trip to the Atlantic Coast, devasta~ed by Hurricane Joan last October 22-23. Now, three months later, the impacts are still very much bemg felt. Q: What was the purpose of your trip? A: To witness the impacts of the hurricane up , close, and to talk to my people-Miskitu, Sumu," Rama, and blacks to meet with them and share their pain. Q: How is the access to the Atlantic Coast? A: It is difficult to travel from Managua to Bluefields for various reasons-transport is very limited, and the road was destroyed by the hurricane. The trip is now taking 16 hours by bus. It's hard to get a seat, because many people want to go either because they are from there or have relatives or friends there. Because there has been so much destruction, there is nowhere to sleep, and little to eat. You have to take many things with you, so you can go only for a short time. Q: Can you describe the extent of the destruction? A: Bluefields was hit by 150 miles per-hour winds, and more than 90% of the town was destroyed. Some of the concrete houses are still standing, but they are very weak. Nearly all the rooves were blown off. Wooden houses were totally destroyed, their posts knocked to the ground. The houses of dirt floors and wooden walls were swept away by the flooding. In all, 322,000 people had to be evacuated. They were taken from Bluefields to Rama and to Managua. Some stayed, especially in Com Island, where those who work in the fisheries didn't want to leave their houses, fearing looting. Old people who spent their entire life there didn't want to leave. Rescue missions helped old people, tying ropes to them so that the wind woudn' t blow them away, and helped to evacuate them. Luckily, only 121 people were killed. There was a lot of human solidarity-many young people risked their lives to help others. 182 were wounded, and 119 have disappeared. 150-mile-per-hour winds devastated Nicaragua's Atlantic coast. Q: How were Indigenous communities affected by the storm? A: The island of Rama Key was destroyed. But, people have good spirit for the future. My house was destroyed, but we are using what was left in order to construct houses that are smaller. Agriculture was hardest hit. People grew bananas, rice, beans, sugar cane, and all this was destroyed. In agriculture alone, nearly $100 million was lost. It was nearing the time of harvest, and all was lost. The exception was sugar cane, but the roads do not allow access to harvest the cane now. Bananas,, an important export crop, were totally destroyed. Another very important effect was the ecological destruction-animals like the jaguars and deer were killed or have disappeared from the region. Cusuco (armadillos) and monkeys also died, eliminating other sources of food. Birds also were affected by the trees falling. Lobsters have left for other areas of the ocean. Turtles, which were in danger of becoming extinct, are now nearly gone. �Page 11 Q: How is the rebuilding going? A: The government gave each family ten pieces of zinc to rebuild their roofs. Also, one of the first things the government did was to restore electricity with a generator, so that the people could have light to dance and celebrate Christmas. Q: Is aid from other countries reaching the communities? A: On the day I was in Bluefields, a boat arrived with supplies from people in the U.S. via Canada-clothes, food, tools, and medicines. Help has come from Europe. Also, a lot of aid from Cubapowdered milk and medicines, and Cuba offered to re-construct a lot of houses. The U.S. government has refused to help. There is still lack of clothing, and while there is now food for a few months, afterwards there will be a serious shortage of food. Mosquito nets are also needed. Diarrhea is widespread due to contaminated water, so there need to be wells dug and projects to provide good drinking water. Malaria broke out caused by mosquitos breeding in the water. Technicians are needed to restore power, since material won't without skilled workers. WHAT YOU CAN DO: Provide assistance by sending urgently needed money, materials and technical assistance. Inquiries can be directed and checks may be sent to Quest for Peace/Hurricane Relief, P.O. Box 5206, Hyattsville, MD 20782, or to Nicaragua Hurricane Relief, 1400 Shattuck Ave., Ste. 7-125, Berkeley, CA 94709. (415) 531-0779. ~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hurricane Leaves Destruction in its Wake (Nicaragua) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title Hurricane Leaves Destruction in its Wake (Nicaragua) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (10-11).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language Enlgish Volume 4 Pages 10-11 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/11fcb4186e898a888f84fe6f34af3edc.pdf 6acd2ca07ded906888ddf30a581b86a0 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource South America (Transition Page) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title South America (Transition Page) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (12).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Pages 12 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/fa0ad12d9506f0d934b6ff6382520a63.pdf 274421baf1ee64a2220d75bd81a1839c PDF Text Text Page 14 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Message from the Children of Cauca (Andean Region: Colombia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title Message from the Children of Cauca (Andean Region: Colombia) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (14).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Pages 14 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/629cf35090f3b32814c9f47af3b6f772.pdf 5eac8a981c26b96511386473787c872d PDF Text Text - ANDEAN REGION COLOMB I "We are very dose to the anniversary of the 500 years of conquest, destruction, and of our people. We the Indians haven't had any truce in the hard struggle for survival as ethnic groups for our life, land, autonomy, and the right to be recognized by the national society." -editorial in "Unidad Alvaro Ulcue," newspaper of the CRIC. Late last year, the Regional Indian C0uncil of Cauca (CRIC) held its Eighth Congress in the area of Tierradentro with the participation of more than 4,000 Indian delegates fiom the department of Cauca. CRIC has long been one of the strongest Indian organizations of the Americas, and the resolutions of its Congress show that the delegates viewed problems affecting Indian people as symptomatic of deep-rooted problems in Colombian society. According to CRIC, "the Indian movement does not dwell on its own issues, but it is also concerned with the rest of the Colombian people who have been suffering massacres, arbitrary detentions, and assassinations by the armed groups-whether miltary or paramilitary. "Faced with these circumstances, the Indian communities see the need to create mechanisms for unity, to organize and confront the dirty war with which we live in this country. Equally important are the proposals presented for the peace plan through a national dialogue with the participation of the government, guerrilla, civic movements, political sectors, Indian and peasant organizations, and the private sector, to look for a way out without more bloodshed." Among the resolutions of the CRIC Congress were: • Commission for National Affairs: "It is not wise to enter into a general way, for this would bring more bloodshed to all sectors, and the social and economic consequences for the country would be disastrous. Although the popular sectors do not want war, they must be prepared to confront it, for the massacres are unjustifiable. An integrated program of agrarian reform must also be implanted. �Page 14 �Native violence. . The wave of violence and abuses against Native communities has increased in a country where life often hangs by a thin thread. The motives for assassinations are varied: to rob Indian land, to intimidate organizers, to intimidate Indians seen as collaborating with the guerrillas, and those seen as being informants for the army; or simply because they are Indians. The following is a list of some of the Native people who were murdered in 1988: Four Tukanos from the area of San Jose del Guaviare; Five Emberas in Satinga; Fourteen Native people in Casanare; Twelve Indians in Araracuara; Peliberto Moniel, Alfredo Muente Ortiz, Luis Francisco Perez Solano, and Ignacio Pef\.ate Perez from San Andres de Sotavento; Ramon Tote from Resguardo de Coconuco; Graciliano Matos, Cubeo; Emeterio Mesa Garabato, Alejandro Chirimi, Facundo Gambato from the Comunidad Reo Satinga, Costa Pacifica; Plinio Ordonez Orozco, Comunidad Indfgena del Resguardo de Jambalo; Hernando Camayo, plus five more Indian people from Parcialidad de las Delicias, Buenos Aires. POR EL DERECHO A LA VIDA! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource More Violence Against Native Communities (Andean Region: Colombia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title More Violence Against Native Communities (Andean Region: Colombia) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (13-15).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Pages 13-15 http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/files/original/e32682ea87dbfde8d077b670e58dc817.pdf 68007e21478045d7af98115f6d485668 PDF Text Text uar Federation radio classroom remote communities during the rainy season. © 1989 Aguirre/Switkes/AMAZONIA The Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE) and the Ecuadorian government have signed an agreement for a National Board of Indian Education, which will develop and implement intercultural bilingual education at a national level. The project was announced by Ecuador's Minister of Education and Culture, Arq. Alfredo Viera at the opening of CONAIE's Second National Congress in November. Under the agreement, CONAIE hopes to use as models those bilingual education programs that have already been developed by regional Indian organizations in Ecuador, with the goal of creating an educational system for Indigenous people that departs from that of the dominant white-mestizo society, and which strengthens the language and cultural identity of Native people. Luis Montaluisa of CONAIE was named the first national director of the Board. At the Congress, CONAIE delegates stressed the need to maintain independence from the Ecuadorian government, but to press for solutions in the areas of: • Legal recognition of CONAIE; • Defense and definitive legal recognition of the "natural settlements" of Indian nations in Ecuador, and a true application of the agrarian reform program for Indian people of the highlands; • Recognition of the right of self-determination of Indian peoples; • Expulsion from Indian areas of "pernicious and harmful" foreign religious sects, including the Summer Linguistic Institute (ILV), World Vision, and the Mormons, as well as political groups like Tradition, Family, and Property; • Discussion of constitutional reforms and a new project of laws concerning Indigenous Nationalities; • "Pushing ahead nationally and internationally the campaign against the celebration of the 500 Years of the invasion of the Ainerican continent." CONAIE elected a new Board of Directors, including Cristobal Tapuy, President a:nd Luis Alberto Macas, Vice President. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&3 (Fall 1988 & Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bilingual Education - CONAIE Makes Important Gains (Ecuadaor) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title Bilingual Education - CONAIE Makes Important Gains (Ecuadaor) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (16).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Pages 16